Outline of a Theory of Practice.
About: This article is published in Contemporary Sociology.The article was published on 1980-03-01. It has received 14683 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Practice theory.
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08 Nov 2000
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors address the key issues and practical requirements of the social researcher, namely: the kinds of social research issues for which focus groups are most and least suitable; optimum group size and composition; and the designing of focusing exercises, facilitation and appropriate analysis.
Abstract: There is an increasing divergence of focus group practice between social researchers and commercial market researchers. This book addresses the key issues and practical requirements of the social researcher, namely: the kinds of social research issues for which focus groups are most and least suitable; optimum group size and composition; and the designing of focusing exercises, facilitation and appropriate analysis. The authors use examples, drawn from their own focus groups research experience, and provide exercises for further study. They address the three main components of composition, conduct and analysis in focus group research and also acknowledge the increasing impact the Internet has had on social research by covering the role and conduct of `virtual focus groups'.
1,826 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a qualitative study of family-school relationships in white working-class and middle-class communities was conducted, and the results indicated that schools have standardized views of the proper role of parents in schooling and social class provides parents with unequal resources to comply with teachers' requests for parental participation.
Abstract: This paper summarizes a qualitative study of family-school relationships in white working-class and middle-class communities. The results indicate that schools have standardized views of the proper role of parents in schooling. Moreover, social class provides parents with unequal resources to comply with teachers' requests for parental participation. Characteristics offamily life (e.g., social networks) also intervene and mediate family-school relationships. The social and cultural elements of family life that facilitate compliance with teachers' requests can be viewed as a form of cultural capital. The study suggests that the concept of cultural capital can be used fruitfully to understand social class differences in children's school experiences. The influence of family background on children's educational experiences has a curious place within the field of sociology of education. On the one hand, the issue has dominated the field. Wielding increasingly sophisticated methodological tools, social scientists have worked to document, elaborate, and replicate the influence of family background on educational
1,799 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors claim that organizational routines have a great potential for change even though they are often perceived, even defined, as unchanging, and propose a performative model of organizational routines.
Abstract: In this paper I claim that organizational routines have a great potential for change even though they are often perceived, even defined, as unchanging. I present descriptions of routines that change as participants respond to outcomes of previous iterations of a routine. Based on the changes in these routines I propose a performative model of organizational routines. This model suggests that there is an internal dynamic to routines that can promote continuous change. The internal dynamic is based on the inclusion of routine participants as agents. When we do not separate the people who are doing the routines from the routine, we can see routines as a richer phenomenon. Change occurs as a result of participants' reflections on and reactions to various outcomes of previous iterations of the routine. This perspective introduces agency into the notion of routine. Agency is important for understanding the role of organizational routines in learning and in processes of institutionalization.
1,726 citations
TL;DR: This article examined what people do when they consume through a case study of baseball spectators in Chicago's Wrigley Field bleachers, and developed a typology of consuming as play, an alternative conception of materialism as a style of consuming.
Abstract: This article examines what people do when they consume In recent interpretive consumer research, three research streams have emerged, each portraying how people consume through a distinctive metaphor: consuming as experience, consuming as integration, and consuming as classification The research reported here—a two-year observational case study of baseball spectators in Chicago's Wrigley Field bleachers—builds on this literature to systematically detail the universe of actions that constitute consuming The resulting typology refines, extends, and synthesizes the three existing approaches to consuming and adds a fourth dimension—consuming as play—to yield a comprehensive vocabulary for describing how consumers consume The usefulness of the typology is demonstrated by applying it to develop an alternative conception of materialism as a style of consuming
1,638 citations
01 May 2006
1,625 citations