Outline of a Theory of Practice.
About: This article is published in Contemporary Sociology.The article was published on 1980-03-01. It has received 14683 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Practice theory.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the impact of the phenomenal growth in access to cell phones on informal traders' business practices and demonstrated how these "telecommunication pioneers" have changed their mode of operation to reduce both transportation and transaction costs.
280 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an archaeological approach to the study of culture change and persistence in multi-ethnic communities is presented, based on a crucial tenet of practice theory, that individuals will enact and construct their underlying organizational principles, worldviews, and social identities in the ordering of daily life.
Abstract: This paper presents an archaeological approach to the study of culture change and persistence in multi-ethnic communities through the study of daily practices and based on a crucial tenet of practice theory-that individuals will enact and construct their underlying organizational principles, worldviews, and social identities in the ordering of daily life. The study of habitual routines is undertaken in a broadly diachronic and comparative framework by examining daily practices from a multiscalar perspective. The approach is employed in a case study on the organization of daily life of interethnic households composed of Native Californian women and Native Alaskan men at the Russian colony of Fort Ross in northern California. Recognizing that different opportunities and choices existed for household members in this colonial setting, we explore how they constructed their own unique identities by examining the spatial layout of residential space, the ordering of domestic tasks, and the structure of trash disposal. We argue that trash deposits and middens in built environments, which often accumulate through routinized tasks, present great promise for examining the processes of culture change and persistence in archaeology. Este articulo presenta un metodo arqueolkgico para estudiar el cambio cultural y la persistencia de comunidades multiktnicas a traveis del estudio de prdcticas cotidianas. El mitodo se construye sobre un principio crucial de teoria de prdctica-que individuos promulgardn y construiradn sus principios de organizaci6n subyacentes, perspectives del mundo e identidad social en sus acciones de vida diaria. El estudio de rutinas habituales se emprende en un marco ampliamente diacronico y comparative al examinar las prdicticas diarias desde una perspectiva de multiples niveles. Este mitodo se emplea en un caso prdctico que estudia la organizaci6n de la vida diaria de unidades familiares intertnicas integradas por mujeres nativas de California y hombres nativos de Alaska en la colonia rusa de Fort Ross en California. Tomando en cuenta que existieron diferentes oportunidades y opciones para los miembros defamilias en este ambiente colonial, exploramos c6mo construyeron sus identidades propias anicas examinando el esquema espacial del espacio residencial, la manera de organizar las tareas domisticas, y la estructura de disposici6n de basura. Argiiimos que depositos y montones de basura en ambientes construidos, que a menudo se acumulan a medio de rutinas cotidianas, presentan una gran oportunidad para examinar los procesos de cambio cultural y la persistencia en la arqueologia.
279 citations
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01 Jan 2007
TL;DR: In this article, the Boundaries and Divisions in Explanation of Action (BOW) of action are discussed. But they do not consider the relationship between action and action itself.
Abstract: Introduction 1 Boundaries and Divisions in Explanation of Action 2 Structural Explanation 3 Institutional Explanation 4 Ideational Explanation 5 Psychological Explanation Conclusion
278 citations
TL;DR: An organizational learning model based on the RBVF is proposed, used to show how information technology can contribute to core capability formation in a firm and to derive guidelines for management action aimed at improving IT effectiveness in organizations.
Abstract: The resource-based view of the firm (RBVF) focuses on the firm's resources and capabilities to understand business strategy and to provide direction to strategy formulation. This paper emphasizes the learning aspects of capability development and explores how information technology (IT) can contribute to it. As a standardized resource widely available, IT can participate in the fundamental process that transforms resources into capabilities and eventually into core capabilities. In this way, IT can become — embedded in core capabilities — an active component of the firm's competitive advantages. The process by which resources end up being components of core capabilities in firms is a learning process that can be described and understood using RBVF concepts. Furthermore, the development of IT strategic applications (also called ‘strategic information systems’, or SIS) follows patterns that closely parallel the structure of that learning process. For this reason we propose an organizational learning model based on the RBVF, and use it to derive guidelines for management action aimed at improving IT effectiveness in organizations. The paper is organized as follows: the RBVF framework is summarized, including the concepts of capabilities and core capabilities and the organizational processes that lead to them. Next, an organizational learning model is presented: an interpretation of capability development that emphasizes situated learning and knowledge accumulation. The model is then used to show how IT can contribute to core capability formation in a firm: management action can mold the process to some extent, although it often unfolds ‘naturally’ embedded in an organizational context that is both determined by and determinant of learning. Finally, guidelines are discussed to come up and build strategic IT applications, based on the previous analysis. Short conclusions follow.
278 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the groundings and practice of the concept and its associated applications are discussed, as well as the application of critical reflection in Participatory Action Research (PAR) research.
Abstract: Critical reflection is commonly seen as central to social transformation in Participatory Action Research (PAR). However, the groundings and practice of the concept and its associated applications ...
278 citations