Oxidative stress, neurodegeneration, and the balance of protein degradation and protein synthesis.
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Cites background from "Oxidative stress, neurodegeneration..."
...Vitamin C is a water-soluble antioxidant, which is involved in the removal of free radicals by electron transfer and also acts as a cofactor for antioxidant enzymes [3, 33]....
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...PRX are thiol-specific peroxidases that catalyze the reduction of H2O2 as well as other organic hydroperoxides and peroxynitrite [33, 44, 45]....
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...In a healthy condition, the production of ROS is balanced by various antioxidant systems [2, 33]....
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...SOD plays a significant role in catalyzing the breakdown of highly reactive O2 - to less reactive H2O2 and oxygen [33]....
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...Catalase is responsible for the conversion of H2O2 to water and oxygen using either iron or manganese as a cofactor [2, 33, 43]....
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Cites background from "Oxidative stress, neurodegeneration..."
...They will then migrate into the nucleus and homodimerize or heterodimerize with other transcription factors to regulate gene expression of proteins involved in UPR (Yoshida et al., 1998, 2001b; Yamamoto et al., 2007; Adachi et al., 2008)....
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...…RNS are known to play dichotomous role as being both harmful at high concentrations while beneficial at moderate/low concentrations and in harmony with cellular antioxidant defense mechanisms that they maintain cellular redox homeostasis (Calabrese et al., 2000; Finkel, 2011; Dasuri et al., 2013)....
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References
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