Parkinson's disease: Mechanisms and models
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TLDR
PD models based on the manipulation of PD genes should prove valuable in elucidating important aspects of the disease, such as selective vulnerability of substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons to the degenerative process.About:
This article is published in Neuron.The article was published on 2003-09-11 and is currently open access. It has received 4872 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Substantia nigra & MPTP.read more
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Neurodegenerative diseases and oxidative stress.
TL;DR: Oxidative stress has been implicated in the progression of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and different strategies, including novel metal–protein attenuating compounds aimed at a variety of targets have shown promise in clinical studies.
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Hereditary Early-Onset Parkinson's Disease Caused by Mutations in PINK1
Eriza Maria Valente,Patrick M. Abou-Sleiman,Viviana Caputo,Miratul M. K. Muqit,Kirsten Harvey,Suzana Gispert,Zeeshan Ali,Domenico Del Turco,Anna Rita Bentivoglio,Daniel G. Healy,Alberto Albanese,Robert L. Nussbaum,Rafael González-Maldonado,Thomas Deller,S Salvi,Pietro Cortelli,William P. Gilks,David S. Latchman,Roberk J. Harvey,Bruno Dallapiccola,Georg Auburger,Nicholas W. Wood +21 more
TL;DR: The identification of two homozygous mutations affecting the PINK1 kinase domain in three consanguineous PARK6 families provide a direct molecular link between mitochondria and the pathogenesis of PD.
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The debate over dopamine’s role in reward: the case for incentive salience
TL;DR: Dopamine’s contribution appears to be chiefly to cause ‘wanting’ for hedonic rewards, more than ‘liking’ or learning for those rewards.
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Impaired degradation of mutant α-synuclein by chaperone-mediated autophagy
TL;DR: It is found that wild-type α-synuclein was selectively translocated into lysosomes for degradation by the chaperone-mediated autophagy pathway, which may underlie the toxic gain-of-function by the A53T and A30P mutants.
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PINK1-dependent recruitment of Parkin to mitochondria in mitophagy
Cristofol Vives-Bauza,Chun Zhou,Yong Huang,Mei Cui,Rosa L.A. de Vries,Jiho Kim,Jessica May,Maja Aleksandra Tocilescu,Wencheng Liu,Han Seok Ko,Jordi Magrané,Darren J. Moore,Darren J. Moore,Valina L. Dawson,Regis Grailhe,Ted M. Dawson,Chenjian Li,Kim Tieu,Serge Przedborski +18 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that Parkin, together with PINK1, modulates mitochondrial trafficking, especially to the perinuclear region, a subcellular area associated with autophagy, which may alter mitochondrial turnover which, in turn, may cause the accumulation of defective mitochondria and, ultimately, neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease.
References
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Mutation in the α-synuclein gene identified in families with Parkinson's disease
Mihael H. Polymeropoulos,Christian Lavedan,Elisabeth Leroy,Susan E. Ide,Anindya Dehejia,Amalia Dutra,Brian L. Pike,Holly Root,Jeffrey Rubenstein,Rebecca Boyer,Edward S. Stenroos,Settara C. Chandrasekharappa,Aglaia Athanassiadou,Theodore Papapetropoulos,William G. Johnson,Alice Lazzarini,Roger C. Duvoisin,Giuseppe Di Iorio,Lawrence I. Golbe,Robert L. Nussbaum +19 more
TL;DR: A mutation was identified in the α-synuclein gene, which codes for a presynaptic protein thought to be involved in neuronal plasticity, in the Italian kindred and in three unrelated families of Greek origin with autosomal dominant inheritance for the PD phenotype.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mutations in the parkin gene cause autosomal recessive juvenile parkinsonism
Tohru Kitada,Shuichi Asakawa,Nobutaka Hattori,Hiroto Matsumine,Yasuhiro Yamamura,Shinsei Minoshima,Masayuki Yokochi,Yoshikuni Mizuno,Nobuyoshi Shimizu +8 more
TL;DR: Mutations in the newly identified gene appear to be responsible for the pathogenesis of Autosomal recessive juvenile parkinsonism, and the protein product is named ‘Parkin’.
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Chronic Parkinsonism in humans due to a product of meperidine-analog synthesis
TL;DR: It is proposed that this chemical selectively damages cells in the substantia nigra in patients who developed marked parkinsonism after using an illicit drug intravenously.
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The Free Radical Theory of Aging Matures
Kenneth B. Beckman,Bruce N. Ames +1 more
TL;DR: The status of the free radical theory of aging is reviewed, by categorizing the literature in terms of the various types of experiments that have been performed, which include phenomenological measurements of age-associated oxidative stress, interspecies comparisons, dietary restriction, and the ongoing elucidation of the role of active oxygen in biology.
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Mutation in the α-synuclein gene identified in families with Parkinson's disease
Mihael H. Polymeropoulos,Christian Lavedan,Elisabeth Leroy,Susan E. Ide,Anindya Dehejia,Amalia Dutra,Brian L. Pike,Holly Root,Jeffrey Rubenstein,Rebecca Boyer,Edward S. Stenroos,Settara C. Chandrasekharappa,Aglaia Athanassiadou,Theodore Papapetropoulos,William G. Johnson,Alice Lazzarini,Roger C. Duvoisin,Giuseppe Di Iorio,Lawrence I. Golbe,Robert L. Nussbaum +19 more