Paroxysmal activity and seizures associated with sleep breathing disorder in children: A possible overlap between diurnal and nocturnal symptoms
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Cites background from "Paroxysmal activity and seizures as..."
...Disturbed sleepwake rhythm, longer sleep latency, parasomnias, obstructive sleep apnea, sleep fragmentation and daytime drowsiness have been reported for children with epilepsy [5,51–53] and have been related to the exacerbation of epileptic seizures....
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...In a previous study, we reported IEDs and/or seizures in 6 of the 25 children with sleep-disordered breathing we had enrolled; 4 out of 6 fulfilled the criteria for epilepsy: 2 had BECTS, 1 had symptomatic epilepsy, and 1 had nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy [15]....
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...In addition, a few studies have demonstrated an increased prevalence of interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) or of nocturnal seizures in children with sleep-disordered breathing without a previous history of epilepsy [14,15]....
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..., snoring and/or apnea; vocalizations; coughing; tachypnea; tachycardia; bruxism; salivation; and head, body, or limb movements during sleep) can mimic OSA, thus leading clinicians to mistake symptoms of epileptic seizures for obstructive sleep respiratory events [15,35]....
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"Paroxysmal activity and seizures as..." refers methods in this paper
...Sleep was subdivided into 30-s epochs, and sleep stages were scored according to the standard criteria of Rechtschaffen and Kales.(28) We evaluated the following parameters of sleep architecture: sleep period time (SPT defined as time from sleep onset to the end of the final sleep epoch minus wake time during sleep); sleep efficiency (defined as the percentage ratio between time from sleep onset to the end of the final sleep and time in bed); sleep-onset latency (time from lights out to sleep onset, which was further defined as the first of 2 consecutive epochs of stage 1 sleep or 1 epoch of any other stage, in minutes); REM latency (time from sleep onset to the first epoch of REM sleep); wakefulness after sleep onset (WASO, time spent awake between sleep onset and end of sleep, in minutes); percentage of SPT in stage 1, stage 2, and slow wave sleep (SWS, defined as the sum of the stages 3 and 4 percentage); percentage of REM sleep; and number of stage shifts per hour....
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...Sleep was subdivided into 30-s epochs, and sleep stages were scored according to the standard criteria of Rechtschaffen and Kales.28 We evaluated the following parameters of sleep architecture: sleep period time (SPT defined as time from sleep onset to the end of the final sleep epoch minus wake time during sleep); sleep efficiency (defined as the percentage ratio between time from sleep onset to the end of the final sleep and time in bed); sleep-onset latency (time from lights out to sleep onset, which was further defined as the first of 2 consecutive epochs of stage 1 sleep or 1 epoch of any other stage, in minutes); REM latency (time from sleep onset to the first epoch of REM sleep); wakefulness after sleep onset (WASO, time spent awake between sleep onset and end of sleep, in minutes); percentage of SPT in stage 1, stage 2, and slow wave sleep (SWS, defined as the sum of the stages 3 and 4 percentage); percentage of REM sleep; and number of stage shifts per hour....
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