Journal ArticleDOI
Pathogenicity of live, attenuated SIV after mucosal infection of neonatal macaques
Timothy W. Baba,Yong Seok Jeong,Dominique Pennick,Rod Bronson,Michael F. Greene,Ruth M. Ruprecht +5 more
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TLDR
Adult macaques do not develop disease after infection with a nef deletion mutant of the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) and are protected against challenge with pathogenic virus, but neonatal macaques developed persistently high levels of viremia after oral exposure to SIV nef, vpr, and negative regulatory element (NRE) deletion mutant.Abstract:
Adult macaques do not develop disease after infection with a nef deletion mutant of the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) and are protected against challenge with pathogenic virus. This finding led to the proposal to use nef-deleted viruses as live, attenuated vaccines to prevent human acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). In contrast, neonatal macaques developed persistently high levels of viremia after oral exposure to and SIV nef, vpr, and negative regulatory element (NRE) deletion mutant. Severe hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and CD4+ T cell depletion were observed, indicating that neither nef nor vpr determine pathogenicity in neonates. Because such constructs have retained their pathogenic potential, they should not be used as candidate live, attenuated virus vaccines against human AIDS.read more
Citations
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Toward an Understanding of the Correlates of Protective Immunity to HIV Infection
TL;DR: Investigation of HIV-specific immune responses in HIV-negative individuals who have been exposed to the virus multiple times suggests that natural immune responses to HIV may be protective in rare individuals.
Journal ArticleDOI
Efficient transduction of nondividing human cells by feline immunodeficiency virus lentiviral vectors.
TL;DR: The experiments delineate mechanisms involved in species-restricted replication of this lentivirus and show that human cells support both productive- and infective-phase mechanisms of the FIV life cycle needed for efficient lentiviral vector transduction.
Journal ArticleDOI
Why primate models matter
Kimberley A. Phillips,Karen L. Bales,Karen L. Bales,John P. Capitanio,John P. Capitanio,Alan J Conley,Paul W. Czoty,Bert A. 't Hart,William D. Hopkins,William D. Hopkins,Shiu Lok Hu,Lisa A. Miller,Lisa A. Miller,Michael A. Nader,Peter W. Nathanielsz,Jeffrey Rogers,Jeffrey Rogers,Carol A. Shively,Mary Lou Voytko +18 more
TL;DR: Key areas in biomedicine where primate models have been, and continue to be, essential for advancing fundamental knowledge in biomedical and biological research are reviewed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Challenges in the development of an HIV-1 vaccine.
TL;DR: Key challenges and future prospects in the quest to develop a prophylactic HIV-1 vaccine are reviewed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neutralizing antibody-independent containment of immunodeficiency virus challenges by DNA priming and recombinant pox virus booster immunizations.
Harriet L. Robinson,David C. Montefiori,R P Johnson,Kelledy Manson,M. L. Kalish,J. D. Lifson,Tahir A. Rizvi,Shan Lu,Shiu Lok Hu,Gail P. Mazzara,Dennis Panicali,James G. Herndon,Rhona L. Glickman,M A Candido,S. L. Lydy,Michael S. Wyand,Harold M. McClure +16 more
TL;DR: The most promising containment of challenge infections was achieved by intradermal DNA priming followed by recombinant fowl pox virus booster immunizations, which did not require neutralizing antibody and was active for a series of challenges.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Importance of the nef gene for maintenance of high virus loads and for development of AIDS.
Harry W. Kestier,Douglas J. Ringler,Kazuyasu Mori,Dennis Panicali,Prabhat K. Sehgal,Muthiah D. Daniel,Ronald C. Desrosiers +6 more
TL;DR: The results indicate that nef is required for maintaining high virus loads during the course of persistent infection in vivo and for full pathologic potential, and should become a target for antiviral drug development.
Journal ArticleDOI
Protective effects of a live attenuated SIV vaccine with a deletion in the nef gene.
TL;DR: Rhesus monkeys vaccinated with live SIV deleted in nef were completely protected against challenge by intravenous inoculation of live, pathogenic SIV.
Book
RNA tumor viruses
Robin A. Weiss,Alan Bernstein +1 more
TL;DR: This book contains 12 selections of retroviral diseases and some of the titles are: Genome Structure;Genetics of Retroviruses;Functions and Origins of Retoviral Transforming Genes;Human T-cell RetrovIRuses;Replications of Retrospective Viruses; and Endogenous Viruses.
Journal ArticleDOI
Isolation of T-cell tropic HTLV-III-like retrovirus from macaques
Daniel,Norman L. Letvin,Norval W. King,Mari Kannagi,Prabhat K. Sehgal,R. D. Hunt,Phyllis J. Kanki,Myron Essex,Ronald C. Desrosiers +8 more
TL;DR: The isolation of a T-cell tropic retrovirus from three immunodeficient macaques and one macaque with lymphoma is described, and it is indicated that it is related to the causative agent of acquired immune deficiency syndrome in humans.
Journal ArticleDOI
Serine phosphorylation-independent downregulation of cell-surface CD4 by nef
J. Victor Garcia,A. Dusty Miller +1 more
TL;DR: A Moloney murine leukaemia virus-based retroviral vector is used in order to express the nef gene of HIV-1 in three lymphocytic cell lines expressing CD4, and it is found that cell-surface CD4 expression is inversely related to nef expression.
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