Pathological inflammation in patients with COVID-19: a key role for monocytes and macrophages.
Miriam Merad,Jerome Martin +1 more
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TLDR
The potentially pathological roles of macrophages during SARS-CoV-2 infection are described and ongoing and prospective therapeutic strategies to modulate macrophage activation in patients with COVID-19 are discussed.Abstract:
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by infection with SARS-CoV-2 has led to more than 200,000 deaths worldwide. Several studies have now established that the hyperinflammatory response induced by SARS-CoV-2 is a major cause of disease severity and death in infected patients. Macrophages are a population of innate immune cells that sense and respond to microbial threats by producing inflammatory molecules that eliminate pathogens and promote tissue repair. However, a dysregulated macrophage response can be damaging to the host, as is seen in the macrophage activation syndrome induced by severe infections, including in infections with the related virus SARS-CoV. Here we describe the potentially pathological roles of macrophages during SARS-CoV-2 infection and discuss ongoing and prospective therapeutic strategies to modulate macrophage activation in patients with COVID-19.read more
Citations
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Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study
Fei Zhou,Ting Yu,Ronghui Du,Guohui Fan,Ying Liu,Zhibo Liu,Jie Xiang,Yeming Wang,Bin Song,Xiaoying Gu,Xiaoying Gu,Lulu Guan,Yuan Wei,Li Hui,Xudong Wu,Jiuyang Xu,Shengjin Tu,Yi Zhang,Hua Chen,Bin Cao +19 more
TL;DR: Prolonged viral shedding provides the rationale for a strategy of isolation of infected patients and optimal antiviral interventions in the future.
Journal ArticleDOI
Extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19.
Aakriti Gupta,Aakriti Gupta,Mahesh V. Madhavan,Kartik Sehgal,Kartik Sehgal,Nandini Nair,Shiwani Mahajan,Tejasav S. Sehrawat,Behnood Bikdeli,Behnood Bikdeli,Neha Ahluwalia,John C. Ausiello,Elaine Wan,Daniel E. Freedberg,Ajay J. Kirtane,Sahil A. Parikh,Mathew S. Maurer,Anna S. Nordvig,Domenico Accili,Joan M. Bathon,Sumit Mohan,Kenneth A. Bauer,Kenneth A. Bauer,Martin B. Leon,Harlan M. Krumholz,Nir Uriel,Mandeep R. Mehra,Mitchell S.V. Elkind,Mitchell S.V. Elkind,Gregg W. Stone,Allan Schwartz,David D. Ho,John P. Bilezikian,Donald W. Landry +33 more
TL;DR: The extrapulmonary organ-specific pathophysiology, presentations and management considerations for patients with COVID-19 are reviewed to aid clinicians and scientists in recognizing and monitoring the spectrum of manifestations, and in developing research priorities and therapeutic strategies for all organ systems involved.
Journal ArticleDOI
An inflammatory cytokine signature predicts COVID-19 severity and survival.
Diane Marie Del Valle,Seunghee Kim-Schulze,Hsin-Hui Huang,Noam D. Beckmann,Sharon Nirenberg,Bo Wang,Yonit Lavin,Talia H. Swartz,Deepu Madduri,Aryeh Stock,Thomas U. Marron,Hui Xie,Manishkumar Patel,Kevin Tuballes,Oliver Van Oekelen,Adeeb Rahman,Patricia Kovatch,Judith A. Aberg,Eric E. Schadt,Sundar Jagannath,Madhu Mazumdar,Alexander W. Charney,Adolfo Firpo-Betancourt,Damodara Rao Mendu,Jeffrey S. Jhang,David Reich,Keith Sigel,Carlos Cordon-Cardo,Marc Feldmann,Samir Parekh,Miriam Merad,Sacha Gnjatic +31 more
TL;DR: It is proposed that serum IL-6 and TNF-α levels should be considered in the management and treatment of patients with COVID-19 to stratify prospective clinical trials, guide resource allocation and inform therapeutic options.
Journal ArticleDOI
Severe COVID-19 Is Marked by a Dysregulated Myeloid Cell Compartment.
Jonas Schulte-Schrepping,Nico Reusch,Daniela Paclik,Kevin Baßler,Stephan Schlickeiser,Bowen Zhang,Benjamin Krämer,Tobias Krammer,Sophia Brumhard,Lorenzo Bonaguro,Elena De Domenico,Daniel Wendisch,Martin Grasshoff,Theodore S. Kapellos,Michael Beckstette,Tal Pecht,Adem Saglam,Oliver Dietrich,Henrik E. Mei,Axel Schulz,Claudia Conrad,Désirée Kunkel,Ehsan Vafadarnejad,Cheng-Jian Xu,Cheng-Jian Xu,Arik Horne,Miriam Herbert,Anna Drews,Charlotte Thibeault,Moritz Pfeiffer,Stefan Hippenstiel,Andreas C. Hocke,Holger Müller-Redetzky,Katrin-Moira Heim,Felix Machleidt,Alexander Uhrig,Laure Bosquillon de Jarcy,Linda Jürgens,Miriam Stegemann,Christoph R. Glösenkamp,Hans-Dieter Volk,Christine Goffinet,Markus Landthaler,Emanuel Wyler,Philipp Georg,Maria Schneider,Chantip Dang-Heine,Nick Neuwinger,Kai Kappert,Rudolf Tauber,Victor M. Corman,Jan Raabe,Kim Melanie Kaiser,Michael To Vinh,Gereon Rieke,Christian Meisel,Thomas Ulas,Matthias Becker,Robert Geffers,Martin Witzenrath,Christian Drosten,Norbert Suttorp,Christof von Kalle,Florian Kurth,Florian Kurth,Florian Kurth,Kristian Händler,Joachim L. Schultze,Joachim L. Schultze,Anna C. Aschenbrenner,Anna C. Aschenbrenner,Yang Li,Yang Li,Jacob Nattermann,Birgit Sawitzki,Antoine-Emmanuel Saliba,Leif E. Sander,Angel Angelov,Robert Bals,Alexander Bartholomäus,Anke Becker,Daniela Bezdan,Ezio Bonifacio,Peer Bork,Thomas Clavel,Maria Colomé-Tatché,Andreas Diefenbach,Alexander T. Dilthey,Nicole Fischer,Konrad U. Förstner,Julia-Stefanie Frick,Julien Gagneur,Alexander Goesmann,Torsten Hain,Michael Hummel,Stefan Janssen,Jörn Kalinowski,René Kallies,Birte Kehr,Andreas Keller,Sarah Kim-Hellmuth,Christoph Klein,Oliver Kohlbacher,Jan O. Korbel,Ingo Kurth,Kerstin U. Ludwig,Oliwia Makarewicz,Manja Marz,Alice C. McHardy,Christian Mertes,Markus M. Nöthen,Peter Nürnberg,Uwe Ohler,Stephan Ossowski,Jörg Overmann,Silke Peter,Klaus Pfeffer,Anna R. Poetsch,Alfred Pühler,Nikolaus Rajewsky,Markus Ralser,Olaf Rieß,Stephan Ripke,Ulisses Nunes da Rocha,Philip Rosenstiel,Philipp H. Schiffer,Eva-Christina Schulte,Alexander Sczyrba,Oliver Stegle,Jens Stoye,Fabian J. Theis,Janne Vehreschild,Jörg Vogel,Max von Kleist,Andreas Walker,Jörn Walter,Dagmar Wieczorek,John Ziebuhr +137 more
TL;DR: This study provides detailed insights into the systemic immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and it reveals profound alterations in the myeloid cell compartment associated with severe COVID-19.
Journal ArticleDOI
The cytokine storm and COVID-19.
TL;DR: The current understanding of the features of SARS‐CoV‐2 and the pathological features, pathophysiological mechanisms, and treatments of the cytokine storm induced by COVID‐19 are reviewed and it is suggested that the identification and treatment of theocyte storm are important components for rescuing patients with severe CO VID‐19.
References
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Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study.
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