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Pathology and genetics of tumours of the lung , pleura, thymus and heart

20 Sep 2004-
TL;DR: This book will not become a unity of the way for you to get amazing benefits at all, but, it will serve something that will let you get the best time and moment to spend for reading the book.
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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This new adenocarcinoma classification is needed to provide uniform terminology and diagnostic criteria, especially for bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (BAC), the overall approach to small nonresection cancer specimens, and for multidisciplinary strategic management of tissue for molecular and immunohistochemical studies.

3,850 citations


Cites background or methods from "Pathology and genetics of tumours o..."

  • ...8,215–218 (4) Molecular markers are an important evolving area in evaluation and management of patients with lung adenocarcinoma....

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  • ...Even after publication of the 1999 and 2004 WHO classifications,4,5 the former term BAC continues to be used for a broad spectrum of tumors including (1) solitary small noninvasive peripheral lung tumors with a 100% 5-year survival,46 (2) invasive adenocarcinomas with minimal invasion that have approximately 100% 5-year survival,47,48 (3) mixed subtype invasive adenocarcinomas,49 –53 (4) mucinous and nonmucinous subtypes of tumors formerly known as BAC,50 –52,54,55 and (5) widespread advanced disease with a very low survival rate....

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  • ...236,255 (4) EGFR/KRAS mutation-negative cases may have detectable fusion of EML4-ALK....

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  • ...†EGFR mutation testing should be performed in (1) classic ADC, (2) NSCLC, favor ADC, (3) NSCLC-NOS, and (4) NSCLC-NOS, possible adenosquamous carcinoma....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The 2015 World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Tumors of the Lung, Pleura, Thymus and Heart has just been published with numerous important changes from the 2004 WHO classification.

3,029 citations


Cites background or methods from "Pathology and genetics of tumours o..."

  • ...New terms changed or entities added since 2004 WHO Classification.(3)...

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  • ...In the 2004 WHO classification, large cell carcinoma included several variants such as LCNEC, basaloid carcinoma, lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma, clear cell carcinoma, and large cell carcinoma with rhabdoid phenotype.(3) In addition, in the 2004 WHO Classification, there was no role for immunohistochemistry using adenocarcinoma or squamous markers in assessing these tumors....

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  • ...In 2011, a new IASLC/ATS/ERS classification of lung adenocarcinoma proposed significant changes to the 2004 WHO classification for resected tumors including (1) discontinuing the terms bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (BAC) and mixed subtype adenocarcinoma; (2) the addition of AIS as a preinvasive lesion to join atypical adenomatous hyperplasia; (3) addition of MIA, (4) classification of invasive adenocarcinomas according to the predominant subtype after comprehensive histologic subtyping by semiquantitatively estimating the percentage of the various subtypes present in 5% increments; (5) use of the term “lepidic” for a noninvasive component (previously classified as BAC) present as part of an invasive adenocarcinoma; (6) introducing the term “invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma” for adenocarcinomas formerly classified as mucinous BAC, excluding tumors that meet criteria for AIS or MIA; (7) discontinuing the subtypes of clear cell and signet ring adenocarcinoma and recognizing these as a feature when any amount is present, however small; (8) discontinuing the term mucinous cystadenocarcinoma and including these under the category of colloid adenocarcinoma.(3,7,11,40) Subsequent to the 2011 IASLC/ATS/ERS lung adenocarcinoma classification and with the development of the 2015 WHO classification, it was decided to classify tumors formerly called large cell carcinomas that have pneumocyte marker expression (i....

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  • ...This is not formally recognized as class of tumors in the 2015 WHO Classification, as there is no proven clinical significance to this finding.(1,3,7)...

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  • ...The details of the histologic features are described previously.(3,134,135) They may be low or intermediate grade with the latter distinguished by the presence of necrosis, increased mitotic activity (mean 2/2 mm(2)), and greater nuclear atypia....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This manuscript focuses on the NCCN Guidelines Panel recommendations for the workup, primary treatment, risk reduction strategies, and surveillance specific to DCIS.
Abstract: Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast represents a heterogeneous group of neoplastic lesions in the breast ducts. The goal for management of DCIS is to prevent the development of invasive breast cancer. This manuscript focuses on the NCCN Guidelines Panel recommendations for the workup, primary treatment, risk reduction strategies, and surveillance specific to DCIS.

1,545 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Aug 2010-Pancreas
TL;DR: Issues in the pathologic assessment of NETs that are common among primaries of different sites are examined and the distinction of well-differentiated from poorly differentiated NETs and the significance of proliferative rate in prognostic assessment are examined.
Abstract: Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) arise in most organs of the body and share many common pathologic features. However, a variety of different organ-specific systems have been developed for nomenclature, grading, and staging of NETs, causing much confusion. This review examines issues in the pathologic assessment of NETs that are common among primaries of different sites. The various systems of nomenclature are compared along with new proposal for grading and staging NETs. Although differences persist, there are many common themes, such as the distinction of well-differentiated (low and intermediate-grade) from poorly differentiated (high-grade) NETs and the significance of prolif- erative rate in prognostic assessment. A recently published minimum pathology data set is presented to help standardize the information in pathology reports. Although an ultimate goal of standardizing the pathologic classification of all NETs, irrespective of primary site, remains elusive, an understanding of the common themes among the different current systems will permit easier translation of information relevant to prognosis and treatment.

1,014 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The proposed IASLC/ATS/ERS classification of lung adenocarcinoma identifies histological categories with prognostic differences that may be helpful in identifying candidates for adjunctive therapy and raises the need for further studies to determine whether this adjustment in measuring tumor size could impact TNM staging for small adenoplastomas.

836 citations

References
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A system of cluster analysis for genome-wide expression data from DNA microarray hybridization is described that uses standard statistical algorithms to arrange genes according to similarity in pattern of gene expression, finding in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae that clustering gene expression data groups together efficiently genes of known similar function.
Abstract: A system of cluster analysis for genome-wide expression data from DNA microarray hybridization is de- scribed that uses standard statistical algorithms to arrange genes according to similarity in pattern of gene expression. The output is displayed graphically, conveying the clustering and the underlying expression data simultaneously in a form intuitive for biologists. We have found in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae that clustering gene expression data groups together efficiently genes of known similar function, and we find a similar tendency in human data. Thus patterns seen in genome-wide expression experiments can be inter- preted as indications of the status of cellular processes. Also, coexpression of genes of known function with poorly charac- terized or novel genes may provide a simple means of gaining leads to the functions of many genes for which information is not available currently.

16,371 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
15 Oct 1999-Science
TL;DR: A generic approach to cancer classification based on gene expression monitoring by DNA microarrays is described and applied to human acute leukemias as a test case and suggests a general strategy for discovering and predicting cancer classes for other types of cancer, independent of previous biological knowledge.
Abstract: Although cancer classification has improved over the past 30 years, there has been no general approach for identifying new cancer classes (class discovery) or for assigning tumors to known classes (class prediction). Here, a generic approach to cancer classification based on gene expression monitoring by DNA microarrays is described and applied to human acute leukemias as a test case. A class discovery procedure automatically discovered the distinction between acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) without previous knowledge of these classes. An automatically derived class predictor was able to determine the class of new leukemia cases. The results demonstrate the feasibility of cancer classification based solely on gene expression monitoring and suggest a general strategy for discovering and predicting cancer classes for other types of cancer, independent of previous biological knowledge.

12,530 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
04 Jun 2004-Science
TL;DR: Results suggest that EGFR mutations may predict sensitivity to gefitinib, and treatment with the EGFR kinase inhibitor gefitsinib causes tumor regression in some patients with NSCLC, more frequently in Japan.
Abstract: Receptor tyrosine kinase genes were sequenced in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and matched normal tissue. Somatic mutations of the epidermal growth factor receptor gene EGFR were found in 15 of 58 unselected tumors from Japan and 1 of 61 from the United States. Treatment with the EGFR kinase inhibitor gefitinib (Iressa) causes tumor regression in some patients with NSCLC, more frequently in Japan. EGFR mutations were found in additional lung cancer samples from U.S. patients who responded to gefitinib therapy and in a lung adenocarcinoma cell line that was hypersensitive to growth inhibition by gefitinib, but not in gefitinibinsensitive tumors or cell lines. These results suggest that EGFR mutations may predict sensitivity to gefitinib. Protein kinase activation by somatic mutation or

9,265 citations

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