Journal ArticleDOI
Pentobarbital inhibits extracellular release of dopamine in the ischemic striatum
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TLDR
It is demonstrated that pentobarbital perfusion either before or following the onset of ischemia inhibits extracellualr release of dopamine in the striatum, which may, in part, be responsible for the protective effect of pentobarBital in ischemic brain injury.Abstract:
We examined whether pentobarbital (PB) inhibited the acute extracellular release of dopamine that occurs in the striatum following the onset of ischemic injury in the gerbil model of stroke. The cerebral dialysis technique was employed to monitor striatal extracellular dopamine concentrations before and after carotid artery occlusion while perfusing either a control solution of artificial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or a 1 mM solution of pentobarbital in CSF (PB/CSF). During perfusion with CSF, extracellular dopamine increased from a baseline concentration of 0.40±0.09 (SEM) pmoles/10 minute collection interval to 30.0± 9.0 pmoles/10 minutes after carotid artery occlusion. In contrast, during perfusion with PB/CSF, dopamine levels increased from a baseline of 1.37±0.3 pmoles/10 minutes to 8.30±2.6 pmoles/10 minutes; this increase was significantly less than the increase in controls. In animals with established ischemia, repeatedly alternating the perfusion fluid between CSF and PB/CSF demonstrated that dopamine concentrations were significantly increased with CSF alone and decreased with PB/CSF. These findings demonstrate that pentobarbital perfusion either before or following the onset of ischemia inhibits extracellualr release of dopamine in the striatum. Inhibition of neurotransmitter release may, in part, be responsible for the protective effect of pentobarbital in ischemic brain injury.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanisms of Brain Injury after Global Cerebral Ischemia
Izumi Harukuni,Anish Bhardwaj +1 more
TL;DR: Although the signal transduction pathways and intracellular molecular events during cerebral ischemia and reperfusion are complex, potential therapeutic neuroprotective strategies hold promise for the future.
Journal ArticleDOI
Impaired object recognition memory in rats following ischemia-induced damage to the hippocampus
TL;DR: The results indicate that ischemic damage to the hippocampus in rats results in recognition memory deficits similar to those produced by ischemia-induced brain damage in humans.
Journal ArticleDOI
A non-oxidative electrochemical approach to online measurements of dopamine release through laccase-catalyzed oxidation and intramolecular cyclization of dopamine.
TL;DR: The successful transition of the mechanism for DA detection from the conventional oxidative electrochemical approach to the non-oxidative one substantially enables the measurements virtually interference-free from physiological levels of uric acid, 5-hydroxytryptamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evolving therapeutic approaches to treating acute ischemic stroke.
TL;DR: The causes and results of stroke are reviewed, as well as current and future neuroprotective treatment options, which include targeting of free radicals, modulation of glutamatergic transmission, and membrane stabilization via ion channels.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prolonged Opportunity for Ischemic Neuroprotection with Selective κ-Opioid Receptor Agonist in Rats
Tsung-Ying Chen,Toru Goyagi,Thomas J. K. Toung,Jeffrey R. Kirsch,Jeffrey R. Kirsch,Patricia D. Hurn,Patricia D. Hurn,Raymond C. Koehler,Anish Bhardwaj +8 more
TL;DR: Pretreatment with BRL 52537 provides robust ischemic neurprotection with a long therapeutic opportunity (at least 6 hours) without altering ischemia-evoked efflux of dopamine and its metabolites in striatum during ischemIA and early reperfusion.
References
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Book ChapterDOI
Selective Neuronal Vulnerability: Morphological and Molecular Characteristics*
TL;DR: This chapter discusses the distinct morphological patterns of ischemic brain injury and discusses the possible pathogenesis of isChemic damage to selectively vulnerable brain neurons.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of ischemia and other procedures on the brain and retina of the gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus).
TL;DR: The Mongolian gerbil deserves a place in laboratories of experimental neurology, especially those concerned with cerebrovascular disorders, the visual system, or water intoxication, a finding that may be related to peculiarities of its water metabolism.
Journal ArticleDOI
The natural course of experimental cerebral infarction in the gerbil
TL;DR: The present study was undertaken to determine the reproducibility of the modcl and to document for the first time the natural cc)urse of events following ligation, which can then be used to evaluate the efficiency of theraupeutic agents in modifying morbidity and mortality.
Journal ArticleDOI
Substantia nigra lesion protects against ischemic damage in the striatum.
TL;DR: This study is the first to demonstrate that the presence of DA is a prerequisite for the development of ischemic injury in the striatum and that DA depletion protects thestriatum from isChemic damage.