Performance analysis of 58 kW grid-connected roof-top solar PV system
01 Dec 2014-pp 1-6
TL;DR: In this paper, the performance of two grid-connected photovoltaic plants which are situated at the same place but based on different module technologies is analyzed and compared for three year monitored data from July 2011 to July 2014 since plant commissioned.
Abstract: The proper analysis of PV power plant is one of the most crucial requirement for the development of technology, proper distribution and maintainance. This paper presents analysis and comparision of performance of two grid-connected photovoltaic plants which are situated at the same place but based on different module technologies. the monitored plants are 43 kW grid-connected amorphous-silicon system and 58 kW multicrystelline-silicon grid-connected PV system. The performance indices that are used for comparative study of systems are performance ratio, specific yield, reference yield, capture loss, system loss, system efficiency, PVUSA rating, and performance indicator based on ratio of ac power at PTC to dc power at STC. Three year monitored data from July 2011 to July 2014 since plant commissioned are used for the analysis. Major operation and maintainance issues that have occured during this period are also discussed.
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TL;DR: There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one, which seems an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.
Abstract: There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.
Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …
33,785 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an evaluation of a grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) system installed on the roof of a government building located in Tangier, Morocco.
107 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this article, the performance of a 1.6kWp grid connected PV system installed at Batna University, in Algeria, was evaluated during one year of continuous operation and data analysis.
Abstract: The present study deals with the performance of a 1.6kWp grid connected PV system installed at Batna University, in Algeria. The average solar energy received was 5.21 kWh/m².d, the grid connected PV system seems to be a good candidate for generating electricity in this region. The system was monitored during one year of continuous operation and data analysis to evaluate the performance of the grid connected PV system. The performance ratio of the system ranged between 51 and 61%. Furthermore, the total produced energy by the PV array was 1931.7kWh and the supplied energy to the grid was 1705kWh. The annual final yield was 1065.6kWh/kWp. Moreover, an analysis of the energy losses in the system was performed, this makes it possible to determine the effect of the capture and system losses on the total energy balance of the system. All the electricity generated by the system was fed into the internal electrical grid of the university.
14 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the assessment of performance indices of a 3MW utility-scale ground-mounted grid-tied solar farm located in Northern India is carried out in this work, where real-time SCADA data of energy generation and other input parameters are utilized to evaluate performance indicators like Performance Ratio, Capacity Factor, efficiencies, losses, etc.
Abstract: The assessment of performance indices of a 3 MW utility-scale ground-mounted grid-tied solar farm located in Northern India is carried out in this work. Real-Time SCADA data of energy generation and other input parameters are utilized to evaluate performance indicators like Performance Ratio, Capacity Factor, efficiencies, losses, etc. The real-time and simulation results of the considered performance indicators are presented for the period from 1st January 2018 to 31st December 2018. The values of PR, CF and energy loss obtained are 80%, 16.35% and 19.42%, respectively. Among temperature, wind speed and level of accumulation of dust particles, ambient temperature is the most influential parameter that affects the PV performance in the considered region. The performance indicators estimated using PVSYST specifically for the detailed analysis of energy loss utilizing the three-stage conversion approach. The obtained estimated results are found to be in line with the actual values. These results could serve as a guideline for the application of solar PV in the northern part of India and in other countries with similar climatic conditions.
12 citations
01 Sep 2016
TL;DR: In this paper, a grid connected solar photovoltaic power plant is proposed, and its performance is evaluated, and an average solar radiation of 5.41 kWh/m2/day is found in the proposed photovelectric power plant.
Abstract: The auspicious climate conditions and effective use of renewable energy sources, for the place called Dhalipur of Dehradun district located in the state of Uttarakhand, provide a substantial inducement for installation of solar photovoltaic power plants. In this research paper, a grid connected solar photovoltaic plant which is yet to be established by Uttarakhand Jal Vidyut Nigam Ltd, is proposed, and its performance is evaluated. An average solar radiation of 5.41 kWh/ m2 /day is found in the proposed photovoltaic power plant. In this work, performance study of proposed 400kW grid connected solar photovoltaic power plant which would be installed at Dhalipur is carried out on the annual basis. Performance ratio and the several types of power losses are calculated. Value of the performance ratio thus obtained is 78.1%, from the results practicality of the solar photovoltaic power plant is discussed.
11 citations
Cites background from "Performance analysis of 58 kW grid-..."
...[5] gives investigation and correlation of execution of two different grid connected power plants which are situated at same place yet in view of various module sorts....
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References
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TL;DR: There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one, which seems an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.
Abstract: There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.
Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …
33,785 citations
"Performance analysis of 58 kW grid-..." refers background or methods in this paper
...These performance indices are used for comparison of these power plants because it is based on normalised analysis and is independent of technology,location and size [14], [15]....
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...Authors, in [14] have presented comparative performance of the SPV system based on monocrystalline and poly-crystalline technology using performance indices-final yield, reference yield, system efficiency, performance ratio, and capacity factor....
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...Comparative performance of the SPV system based on mono-crystalline and poly-crystalline technology using performance indices-final yield, reference yield, system efficiency, performance ratio, and capacity factor is being presented in [14]....
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...Performance evaluation based on normalized analysis offer a convenient way to compare performance of the plants of different sizes, technology, and locations [14], [15]....
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Book•
01 Jan 2004TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an overview of the early history of the electric power industry, including the early pioneers of the electrical power industry and the development of the modern electric power system.
Abstract: Preface.1 Basic Electric and Magnetic Circuits.1.1 Introduction to Electric Circuits.1.2 Definitions of Key Electrical Quantities.1.3 Idealized Voltage and Current Sources.1.4 Electrical Resistance.1.5 Capacitance.1.6 Magnetic Circuits.1.7 Inductance.1.8 Transformers.2 Fundamentals of Electric Power.2.1 Effective Values of Voltage and Current.2.2 Idealized Components Subjected to Sinusoidal Voltages.2.3 Power Factor.2.4 The Power Triangle and Power Factor Correction.2.5 Three-Wire, Single-Phase Residential Wiring.2.6 Three-Phase Systems.2.7 Power Supplies.2.8 Power Quality.3 The Electric Power Industry.3.1 The Early Pioneers: Edison, Westinghouse, and Insull.3.2 The Electric Utility Industry Today.3.3 Polyphase Synchronous Generators.3.4 Carnot Efficiency for Heat Engines.3.5 Steam-Cycle Power Plants.3.6 Combustion Gas Turbines.3.7 Combined-Cycle Power Plants.3.8 Gas Turbines and Combined-Cycle Cogeneration.3.9 Baseload, Intermediate and Peaking Power Plants.3.10 Transmission and Distribution.3.11 The Regulatory Side of Electric Power.3.12 The Emergence of Competitive Markets.4 Distributed Generation.4.1 Electricity Generation in Transition.4.2 Distributed Generation with Fossil Fuels.4.3 Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) Technologies.4.4 Biomass for Electricity.4.5 Micro-Hydropower Systems.4.6 Fuel Cells.4.6.7 Electrical Characteristics of Real Fuel Cells.4.6.8 Types of Fuel Cells.4.6.9 Hydrogen Production.5 Economics of Distributed Resources.5.1 Distributed Resources (DR).5.2 Electric Utility Rate Structures.5.3 Energy Economics.5.4 Energy Conservation Supply Curves.5.5 Combined Heat and Power (CHP).5.6 Cooling, Heating, and Cogeneration.5.7 Distributed Benefits.5.8 Integrated Resource Planning (IRP) and Demand-Side Management (DSM).6 Wind Power Systems.6.1 Historical Development of Wind Power.6.2 Types of Wind Turbines.6.3 Power in the Wind.6.4 Impact of Tower Height.6.5 Maximum Rotor Efficiency.6.6 Wind Turbine Generators.6.7 Speed Control for Maximum Power.6.8 Average Power in the Wind.6.9 Simple Estimates of Wind Turbine Energy.6.10 Specific Wind Turbine Performance Calculations.6.11 Wind Turbine Economics.7 The Solar Resource.7.1 The Solar Spectrum.7.2 The Earth's Orbit.7.3 Altitude Angle of the Sun at Solar Noon.7.4 Solar Position at any Time of Day.7.5 Sun Path Diagrams for Shading Analysis.7.6 Solar Time and Civil (Clock) Time.7.7 Sunrise and Sunset.7.8 Clear Sky Direct-Beam Radiation.7.9 Total Clear Sky Insolation on a Collecting Surface.7.10 Monthly Clear-Sky Insolation.7.11 Solar Radiation Measurements.7.12 Average Monthly Insolation.8 Photovoltaic Materials and Electrical Characteristics.8.1 Introduction.8.2 Basic Semiconductor Physics.8.3 A Generic Photovoltaic Cell.8.4 From Cells to Modules to Arrays.8.5 The PV I -V Curve Under Standard Test Conditions (STC).8.6 Impacts of Temperature and Insolation on I -V Curves.8.7 Shading impacts on I-V curves.8.8 Crystalline Silicon Technologies.8.9 Thin-Film Photovoltaics.9 Photovoltaic Systems.9.1 Introduction to the Major Photovoltaic System Types.9.2 Current-Voltage Curves for Loads.9.3 Grid-Connected Systems.9.4 Grid-Connected PV System Economics.9.5 Stand-Alone PV Systems.9.6 PV-Powered Water Pumping.APPENDIX A: Useful Conversion Factors.APPENDIX B: Sun-Path Diagrams.APPENDIX C: Hourly Clear-Sky Insolation Tables.APPENDIX D: Monthly Clear-Sky Insolation Tables.APPENDIX E: Solar Insolation Tables byCity.APPENDIX F: Maps of Solar Insolation.Index.
1,884 citations
"Performance analysis of 58 kW grid-..." refers background in this paper
...The reduction in the PVUSA rating with time reflects permanent loss in the system performance [4], [16]....
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TL;DR: In this paper, the importance of grid-connected PV system regarding the intermittent nature of renewable generation, and the characterization of PV generation with regard to grid code compliance is investigated and emphasized.
Abstract: Traditional electric power systems are designed in large part to utilize large baseload power plants, with limited ability to rapidly ramp output or reduce output below a certain level. The increase in demand variability created by intermittent sources such as photovoltaic (PV) presents new challenges to increase system flexibility. This paper aims to investigate and emphasize the importance of the grid-connected PV system regarding the intermittent nature of renewable generation, and the characterization of PV generation with regard to grid code compliance. The investigation was conducted to critically review the literature on expected potential problems associated with high penetration levels and islanding prevention methods of grid tied PV. According to the survey, PV grid connection inverters have fairly good performance. They have high conversion efficiency and power factor exceeding 90% for wide operating range, while maintaining current harmonics THD less than 5%. Numerous large-scale projects are currently being commissioned, with more planned for the near future. Prices of both PV and balance of system components (BOS) are decreasing which will lead to further increase in use. The technical requirements from the utility power system side need to be satisfied to ensure the safety of the PV installer and the reliability of the utility grid. Identifying the technical requirements for grid interconnection and solving the interconnect problems such as islanding detection, harmonic distortion requirements and electromagnetic interference are therefore very important issues for widespread application of PV systems. The control circuit also provides sufficient control and protection functions like maximum power tracking, inverter current control and power factor control. Reliability, life span and maintenance needs should be certified through the long-term operation of PV system. Further reduction of cost, size and weight is required for more utilization of PV systems. Using PV inverters with a variable power factor at high penetration levels may increase the number of balanced conditions and subsequently increase the probability of islanding. It is strongly recommended that PV inverters should be operated at unity power factor.
923 citations
28 Jul 2004
684 citations
08 Aug 2005
TL;DR: The use of appropriate performance parameters facilitates the comparison of grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems that may differ with respect to design, technology, or geographic location as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The use of appropriate performance parameters facilitates the comparison of grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems that may differ with respect to design, technology, or geographic location. Four performance parameters that define the overall system performance with respect to the energy production, solar resource, and overall effect of system losses are the following: final PV system yield, reference yield, performance ratio, and PVUSA rating. These performance parameters are discussed for their suitability in providing desired information for PV system design and performance evaluation and are demonstrated for a variety of technologies, designs, and geographic locations. Also discussed are methodologies for determining system a.c. power ratings in the design phase using multipliers developed from measured performance parameters.
405 citations