Performance analysis of a 190 kWp grid interactive solar photovoltaic power plant in India
TL;DR: The performance analysis of a 190kWp solar photovoltaic power plant installed at Khatkar-Kalan, India, is carried out in this paper, where the average annual measured energy yield of the plant is found to be 812.76kWh/kWP using PVSYST.
About: This article is published in Energy.The article was published on 2013-06-15. It has received 265 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Photovoltaic system & Solar energy.
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TL;DR: In this article, the solar PV plant design aspects along with its annual performance is elaborated and various types of power losses (temperature, internal network, power electronics, grid connected etc.) and performance ratio are also calculated.
396 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed performance and degradation analysis studies of solar photovoltaic modules, accelerated aging testing under laboratory and outdoor field testing conditions, and discussed the factors affecting the performance of PV module, PV module degradation modes, stress factors responsible for degradation and current PV module qualification standard tests.
Abstract: Electricity generated using photovoltaic (PV) technology can only be economical if the PV modules operate reliably for 25–30 years under field conditions. In order to ensure such levels of reliability PV module undergo stringent qualification tests developed as per international standards by International Electro-technical Commission. These tests provide excellent information regarding module design, material and process flaws which can lead to premature failure. Even the well qualified modules are found to fail or degrade more than their expected levels when exposed to the outdoor conditions, indicating that these tests are not adequately addressing the real outdoor conditions and are not sufficient to estimate the module lifetime. Keeping in view this aspect, the performance and degradation analysis studies of solar photovoltaic modules, accelerated aging testing under laboratory and outdoor field testing conditions, are reviewed. The factors affecting the performance of PV module, PV module degradation modes, stress factors responsible for degradation, accelerated aging tests and current PV module qualification standard tests are also discussed along with recently used techniques for the failure mode analysis of PV modules. The main objective of the study is to review the literature on performance and degradation of PV modules under outdoor operation for identifying research gaps for long term reliability of PV modules and improving the PV qualification standards for various geographical and climatic conditions.
354 citations
01 Jan 2011
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present results obtained from monitoring a 1.72kWp photovoltaic system installed on a flat roof of a 12m high building in Dublin, Ireland (latitude 53.4°N and longitude 6.3°E).
Abstract: This paper presents results obtained from monitoring a 1.72 kWp photovoltaic system installed on a flat roof of a 12 m high building in Dublin, Ireland (latitude 53.4°N and longitude 6.3°E). The system was monitored between November 2008 and October 2009 and all the electricity generated was fed into the low voltage supply to the building. Monthly average daily and annual performance parameters of the PV system evaluated include: final yield, reference yield, array yield, system losses, array capture losses, cell temperature losses, PV module efficiency, system efficiency, inverter efficiency, performance ratio and capacity factor. The maximum solar radiation, ambient temperature and PV module temperature recorded were 1241 W/m2 in March, 29.5 °C and 46.9 °C in June respectively. The annual total energy generated was 885.1 kW h/kWp while the annual average daily final yield, reference yield and array yield were 2.41 kW h/kWp/day, 2.85 kW h/kWp/day and 2.62 kW h/kWp/day respectively. The annual average daily PV module efficiency, system efficiency and inverter efficiency were 14.9%, 12.6% and 89.2% respectively while the annual average daily performance ratio and capacity factor were 81.5% and 10.1% respectively. The annual average daily system losses, capture losses and cell temperature losses were 0.23 h/day, 0.22 h/day and 0.00 h/day respectively. Comparison of this system with other systems in different locations showed that the system had the highest annual average daily PV module efficiency, system efficiency and performance ratio of 14.9%, 12.6% and 81.5% respectively. The PV system’s annual average daily final yield of 2.4 kW h/kWp/day is higher than those reported in Germany, Poland and Northern Ireland. It is comparable to results from some parts of Spain but it is lower than the reported yields in most parts of Italy and Spain. Despite low insolation levels, high average wind speeds and low ambient temperature improve Ireland’s suitability.
279 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, different solar photovoltaic (SPV) technology and mathematical modeling to characterize the SPV systems are comprehensively presented and performance analysis on the basis of standard parameters like performance ratio, yield energy, reference energy, capacity utilization factor etc.
Abstract: United Nations adopted Sustainable Development Goals to ensure prosperity, reduction of poverty and mitigation of climate change. Energy is a part of these goals. Today, energy demand heavily relies on the fossil fuel sources: petroleum, natural gas, coal etc., which causes greenhouse gas emission and environmental deterioration. In order to avoid environmental impacts, current energy systems need to transform into clean and renewable sources of energy systems. Deployment of solar energy, an omnipresent renewable energy source, is gaining popularity due to the easiness of installation, availability and competitive cost. For effective utilization and higher penetration of solar energy, knowledge about technology and performance of solar energy system is required. In this paper, different solar photovoltaic (SPV) technology and mathematical modeling to characterize the SPV systems are comprehensively presented. The performance analysis on the basis of standard parameters like performance ratio, yield energy, reference energy, capacity utilization factor etc. and on the basis of exergy as well as energy efficiency are also presented. Variation in environmental conditions significantly affects the outdoor performance and operation of SPV systems. Therefore, study of degradation and failure modes is important for accurate prediction of performance of SPV systems and has been discussed.
173 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a comparative study of various stand alone solar photovoltaic(PV), grid connected PV and hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) studied across the globe is presented.
Abstract: The energy demand across the globe has increased in many folds due to technological advancement, rapid growth in industries and increase in household energy demand. This led the engineers and planners to think and find the means to harvest the alternative energy sources other than the fossil fuel. Solar, wind, biomass, mini hydro are some of the resources used worldwide to generate energy as per the availability of resources. This paper presents a comparative performances of various stand alone solar photovoltaic(PV), grid connected PV and hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) studied across the globe. The standalone PV system is used to supply electricity to a small habitats/hamlets or to a single household. Hybrid energy system consists of two or more energy sources for generation of power for rural electrification in off grid locations and in grid connected PV systems, excess electricity produced is injected to the grid thereby generating additional income. The research works carried out by various researchers around the globe on renewable energy sources particularly for rural electrification is discussed in this paper. Besides this the utilisation of renewable electricity for Plug-in-Electric Vehicles (PEV) studied across the globe were also discussed.
160 citations
References
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08 Aug 2005
TL;DR: The use of appropriate performance parameters facilitates the comparison of grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems that may differ with respect to design, technology, or geographic location as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The use of appropriate performance parameters facilitates the comparison of grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems that may differ with respect to design, technology, or geographic location. Four performance parameters that define the overall system performance with respect to the energy production, solar resource, and overall effect of system losses are the following: final PV system yield, reference yield, performance ratio, and PVUSA rating. These performance parameters are discussed for their suitability in providing desired information for PV system design and performance evaluation and are demonstrated for a variety of technologies, designs, and geographic locations. Also discussed are methodologies for determining system a.c. power ratings in the design phase using multipliers developed from measured performance parameters.
405 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the grid connected photovoltaic park of C. Rokas SA in Sitia, Crete, is presented, and its performance is evaluated, and suitably monitored during 1 year, and the performance ratio and the various power losses (temperature, soiling, internal, network, power electronics, grid availability and interconnection) are calculated.
365 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented the results of a life cycle assessment (LCA) of the electric generation by means of photovoltaic panels, considering mass and energy flows over the whole production process starting from silica extraction to the final panel assembling, considering the most advanced and consolidate technologies for polycrystalline silicon panel production.
318 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present results obtained from monitoring a 1.72kWp photovoltaic system installed on a flat roof of a 12m high building in Dublin, Ireland (latitude 53.4°N and longitude 6.3°E).
314 citations
01 Jan 2011
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present results obtained from monitoring a 1.72kWp photovoltaic system installed on a flat roof of a 12m high building in Dublin, Ireland (latitude 53.4°N and longitude 6.3°E).
Abstract: This paper presents results obtained from monitoring a 1.72 kWp photovoltaic system installed on a flat roof of a 12 m high building in Dublin, Ireland (latitude 53.4°N and longitude 6.3°E). The system was monitored between November 2008 and October 2009 and all the electricity generated was fed into the low voltage supply to the building. Monthly average daily and annual performance parameters of the PV system evaluated include: final yield, reference yield, array yield, system losses, array capture losses, cell temperature losses, PV module efficiency, system efficiency, inverter efficiency, performance ratio and capacity factor. The maximum solar radiation, ambient temperature and PV module temperature recorded were 1241 W/m2 in March, 29.5 °C and 46.9 °C in June respectively. The annual total energy generated was 885.1 kW h/kWp while the annual average daily final yield, reference yield and array yield were 2.41 kW h/kWp/day, 2.85 kW h/kWp/day and 2.62 kW h/kWp/day respectively. The annual average daily PV module efficiency, system efficiency and inverter efficiency were 14.9%, 12.6% and 89.2% respectively while the annual average daily performance ratio and capacity factor were 81.5% and 10.1% respectively. The annual average daily system losses, capture losses and cell temperature losses were 0.23 h/day, 0.22 h/day and 0.00 h/day respectively. Comparison of this system with other systems in different locations showed that the system had the highest annual average daily PV module efficiency, system efficiency and performance ratio of 14.9%, 12.6% and 81.5% respectively. The PV system’s annual average daily final yield of 2.4 kW h/kWp/day is higher than those reported in Germany, Poland and Northern Ireland. It is comparable to results from some parts of Spain but it is lower than the reported yields in most parts of Italy and Spain. Despite low insolation levels, high average wind speeds and low ambient temperature improve Ireland’s suitability.
279 citations