Performance analysis of an improved adaptive power saving technique for IEEE 802.11 ac systems
17 Mar 2016-pp 953-957
TL;DR: The proposed grouping based power saving technique reduces the energy and delay as compared to existing protocols such as IEEE 802.11 and S-MAC.
Abstract: Recent development in wireless local area networks have made them potential enough to be used in various applications such as Voice Over Internet Protocol (VoIP), Voice Over Wireless Local Area Network (VoWLAN) and many more. Power saving protocols are used in order to conserve energy. This is addressed at medium access control layer so that wireless radio can be turned on (wake state) and off (sleep state). Here we are using IEEE 802.11 ac systems. Here, multiple groupings, namely, power level, type of service, channel status and type of service per user, have been considered to implement the power saving mechanism. Depending on various parameters within the groups, the energy consumption and delay at the stations has been computed. The proposed grouping based power saving technique reduces the energy and delay as compared to existing protocols such as IEEE 802.11 and S-MAC.
Citations
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TL;DR: Numerical results show that the compressed Bitmap scheme proposed in the Power Saving polling scheme for SG in the Internet of Energy (PSSG), could greatly reduce the communication overheads.
13 citations
08 Sep 2022
TL;DR: In this article , the authors proposed a Software-based Energy Management Tool for WiFi (SEMFI), a novel tool to collect, analyze, and monitor the power cycles of IoT devices without the need for any external tools.
Abstract: Many WiFi-based Internet of Things (IoT) devices rely on limited energy resources such as a battery. Although monitoring and studying the energy consumption of these devices is essential, the use of external, hardware-based energy measurement tools is costly, non-scalable, and introduces many challenges regarding the connectivity of such tools with devices. In this paper, we propose Software-based Energy Management Tool for WiFi (SEMFI), a novel tool to collect, analyze, and monitor the power cycles of IoT devices without the need for any external tools. The basic idea is to modify the WiFi Access Point (AP)’s software to keep track of the power status of devices reported in packets. SEMFI also includes back-end and front-end components for data storage, analysis, and visualization. We demonstrate the effectiveness and features of SEMFI via empirical evaluations.
08 Sep 2022
TL;DR: The basic idea is to modify the WiFi Access Point (AP)’s software to keep track of the power status of devices reported in packets, which includes back-end and front-end components for data storage, analysis, and visualization.
Abstract: Many WiFi-based Internet of Things (IoT) devices rely on limited energy resources such as a battery. Although monitoring and studying the energy consumption of these devices is essential, the use of external, hardware-based energy measurement tools is costly, non-scalable, and introduces many challenges regarding the connectivity of such tools with devices. In this paper, we propose Software-based Energy Management Tool for WiFi (SEMFI), a novel tool to collect, analyze, and monitor the power cycles of IoT devices without the need for any external tools. The basic idea is to modify the WiFi Access Point (AP)’s software to keep track of the power status of devices reported in packets. SEMFI also includes back-end and front-end components for data storage, analysis, and visualization. We demonstrate the effectiveness and features of SEMFI via empirical evaluations.
References
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TL;DR: The results show that the new protocol provides significant energy saving over the unscheduled PSM, particularly in circumstances where multiple traffic streams coexist in a network.
Abstract: Power conservation is a general concern for mobile computing and communication. In this paper, we investigate the performance of the current 802.11 power saving mechanism (unscheduled PSM) and identify that background network traffic can have a significant impact on the power consumption of mobile stations. To improve power efficiency, a novel scheduled PSM protocol based on time slicing is proposed in this paper. The protocol adopts the mechanism of time division, schedules the access point to deliver pending data at designated time slices, and adaptively adjusts the power state of the mobile stations. The proposed scheme is near theoretical optimal for power saving. It greatly reduces the effect of background traffic, minimizes the station idle time, and maximizes its energy utilization. Comprehensive analysis and simulations are conducted to evaluate the new protocol. The results show that the new protocol provides significant energy saving over the unscheduled PSM, particularly in circumstances where multiple traffic streams coexist in a network. Moreover, it achieves the saving at the cost of only a slight degradation of the one-way-delay performance.
98 citations
"Performance analysis of an improved..." refers background in this paper
...This can reduce the energy consumption but delay above a threshold may get lost [2]....
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TL;DR: The GreenCall algorithm is proposed to derive sleep/wake-up schedules for the WLAN radio to save energy during VoIP calls while ensuring that application quality is preserved within acceptable levels of users.
Abstract: Emerging dual-mode phones incorporate a wireless LAN (WLAN) interface along with the traditional cellular interface. The additional benefits of the WLAN interface are, however, likely to be outweighed by its greater rate of energy consumption. This is especially of concern when real-time applications, that result in continuous traffic, are involved. WLAN radios typically conserve energy by staying in sleep mode. With real-time applications like voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), this can be challenging since packets delayed above a threshold are lost. Moreover, the continuous nature of traffic makes it difficult for the radio to stay in the lower power sleep mode enough to reduce energy consumption significantly. In this work, we propose the GreenCall algorithm to derive sleep/wake-up schedules for the WLAN radio to save energy during VoIP calls while ensuring that application quality is preserved within acceptable levels of users. We evaluate GreenCall on commodity hardware and study its performance over diverse network paths and describe our experiences in the process. We further extensively investigate the effect of different application parameters on possible energy savings through trace-based simulations. We show that, in spite of the interactive, real-time nature of voice, energy consumption during calls can be reduced by close to 80 percent in most instances.
83 citations
20 Jun 2011
TL;DR: SOFA, an AP-centric scheme, which helps PSM clients save energy by minimizing the time they are forced to stay awake while down link traffic is being transmitted to other clients, is proposed and proved.
Abstract: Mobile devices adopt the IEEE 802.11 PSM (Power-Saving Mode) scheme and its enhancements to reduce their energy consumption when using Wi-Fi interfaces. However, the capability of PSM to save energy is limited when the WLANs are highly congested by other Wi-Fi clients. In this paper, instead of further pursuing the trade-off between power saving and the incurred delay on the client side, we take a different approach and explore the energy saving potential by considering the scheduling policy on the Access Point (AP) side. We find that the traditional packet-level first-come-first-serve policy is not sleep optimal since it keeps the PSM clients awake unnecessarily. We propose SOFA, an AP-centric scheme, which helps PSM clients save energy by minimizing the time they are forced to stay awake while down link traffic is being transmitted to other clients. SOFA delivers down link packets to the PSM clients in an optimal sequence, such that several objective are simultaneously achieved: (i) system-sleep optimality, (ii) energy-fairness, (iii) attention fairness, and (iv) no unnecessary deferral of packets beyond a beacon period. First, it determines an attention quota for each client at the beginning of each beacon period, without requiring any knowledge of available wireless capacity. Then it takes the attention "quota'' and attention request as inputs to decide the down link packet scheduling. We prove the stability and optimality of SOFA. Simulation results shows SOFA dramatically decreases the energy consumption of PSM clients in a crowded WLAN, especially for those clients with small attention requests.
41 citations
"Performance analysis of an improved..." refers background in this paper
...Sleep-Optimal Fair-Attention scheduler (SOFA) has been proposed which reduces the energy consumption during heavy traffic [6]....
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TL;DR: DeepSleep is proposed with the aim of improving energy-efficiency and reducing the overall outage probability, application layer loss rate and collision probability, and all devices benefit when DeepSleep and 802.11 PSM co-exist in the network, which implies DeepSleep has potential to be deployed in existing WLANs.
Abstract: As future Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communications aim at supporting wireless networks with large coverage range and a huge number of devices without human intervention, energy-efficient protocol design for M2M communications networks becomes notably significant. The emerging energy harvesting technology, allowing devices to harvest energy from external sources automatically without human intervention, is promisingly applied to M2M communications networks, which can therefore operate permanently. However, currently available IEEE 802.11 protocols do not consider supporting energy-harvesting devices efficiently. Our research focuses effort in enhancing IEEE 802.11 power saving mode (PSM) with widely-deployed numerous devices powered by energy-harvesting modules so as to realize an energy-efficient M2M communications network. We propose DeepSleep with the aim of improving energy-efficiency and reducing the overall outage probability, application layer loss rate and collision probability. The effectiveness of DeepSleep is demonstrated by NS-2 platform. An analytical model is provided to select DeepSleep parameters. Applying DeepSleep, an energy-harvesting device can have less energy wastage on idle listening and overhearing, and have a higher channel access priority when waking up from a relatively longer period of sleeping. In addition, the channel access fairness is considered in DeepSleep design. In addition, all devices benefit when DeepSleep and 802.11 PSM co-exist in the network, which implies DeepSleep has potential to be deployed in existing WLANs.
39 citations
20 Jun 2011
TL;DR: An enhancement to the default 802.11 Power Save Mode (PSM), called M-PSM, is proposed, which exploits additional power-saving opportunities by considering user mobility and detailed traffic condition when making the sleep/wakeup schedules for Wi-Fi interfaces.
Abstract: With the proliferation of Wi-Fi equipped mobile devices such as smart phones, it becomes even more important to design and implement effective power management schemes for Wi-Fi interfaces so that the battery lifetime can be prolonged. In this paper, we propose an enhancement to the default 802.11 Power Save Mode (PSM), called M-PSM, which exploits additional power-saving opportunities by considering user mobility and detailed traffic condition when making the sleep/wakeup schedules for Wi-Fi interfaces. We have implemented M-PSM in the Madwifi device driver and demonstrated its effectiveness via experiments and trace-based simulations.
37 citations
"Performance analysis of an improved..." refers background in this paper
...To analyse delay insensitive traffic mobility aware power save mode which is lightly loaded has been proposed [5]....
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