Performance enhancement in TIPS-pentacene:PS blend organic field effect transistors by solvent vapor annealing
19 Jun 2016-pp 1-2
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used solvent vapor annealing (SVA) to further ameliorate the degree of crystalline order in the active layer of an organic field effect transistors.
Abstract: Organic field effect transistors (OFETs) have been widely explored for their popular applications in flat panel displays and various kinds of affordable sensors. The overall performance of the device depends on the quality of semiconductor-dielectric interface, and degree of crystalline order in the active layer, close to the above said interface. In the special league of solution processed OFETs, semicondutor: polymer blends have been reported as one of the best possible ways to achieve an intimate, uniform and defect free semiconductor-dielectric interface in a single step. In addition, degree of crystalline order can be further ameliorated through solvent vapor annealing (SVA), which essentially controls the evaporation time of the solvent.
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TL;DR: It is predicted that in binary OPV systems, suitably chosen donor and acceptor materials can improve the device power conversion efficiency (PCE) by several percentage points, for example from 11 to 13.5% for a hypothetical state-of-the-art organic solar cell, highlighting the importance of this design rule.
Abstract: Mixing different compounds to improve functionality is one of the pillars of the organic electronics field. Here, the degree to which the charge transport properties of the constituent materials are simply additive when materials are mixed is quantified. It is demonstrated that in bulk heterojunction organic solar cells, hole mobility in the donor phase depends critically on the choice of the acceptor material, which may alter the energetic disorder of the donor. The same holds for electron mobility and disorder in the acceptor. The associated mobility differences can exceed an order of magnitude compared to pristine materials. Quantifying these effects by a state-filling model for the open-circuit voltage (VOC) of ternary Donor:Acceptor1:Acceptor2 (D:A1:A2) organic solar cells leads to a physically transparent description of the surprising, nearly linear tunability of the VOC with the A1:A2 weight ratio. It is predicted that in binary OPV systems, suitably chosen donor and acceptor materials can improve ...
28 citations
TL;DR: Organic electronics is an emerging technology with numerous applications in which the active layer is composed of an organic semiconductor (OSC) or blends of multiple OSC.
Abstract: Organic electronics is an emerging technology with numerous applications in which the active layer is composed of an organic semiconductor (OSC) or blends of multiple OSC. One of the key performanc ...
23 citations
13 Sep 2018
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a promising low-cost and environmental-friendly technology currently achieving 12-14% power conversion efficiency for organic photovoltaics (OPVs).
Abstract: Organic photovoltaics (OPVs) is a promising low-cost and environmental-friendly technology currently achieving 12-14% power conversion efficiency. Despite the extensive focus of the research commun ...
4 citations
Cites background from "Performance enhancement in TIPS-pen..."
...These promising flexible, light-weight, solution-processed materials (polymers and small molecules) are widely used in organic electronic applications spanning from OSCs to organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) and organic field effect transistors (OFETs).(6,7) Organic semiconducting polymers can be designed to have different backbone configurations as well as various incorporated heteroatoms as e....
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References
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TL;DR: The application of organic transistors in the fields of flexible optical displays and microelectronics is reviewed with primary emphasis on the latest developments in the area of active-matrix electrophoretic and organic light-emitting diode displays based on OTFT backplanes.
Abstract: Organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) offer unprecedented opportunities for implementation in a broad range of technological applications spanning from large-volume microelectronics and optical displays to chemical and biological sensors. In this Progress Report, we review the application of organic transistors in the fields of flexible optical displays and microelectronics. The advantages associated with the use of OTFT technology are discussed with primary emphasis on the latest developments in the area of active-matrix electrophoretic and organic light-emitting diode displays based on OTFT backplanes and on the application of organic transistors in microelectronics including digital and analog circuits.
530 citations
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that QCM-D is a very powerful sensor of the state of the adsorbed solvent as well as the thin film, thus making it suitable for process development aswell as in-line process monitoring both in laboratory and in future manufacturing settings.
Abstract: We demonstrate a new way to investigate and control the solvent vapor annealing of solution-cast organic semiconductor thin films. Solvent vapor annealing of spin-cast films of 6,13-bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl) pentacene (TIPS-Pn) is investigated in situ using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) capability, allowing us to monitor both solvent mass uptake and changes in the mechanical rigidity of the film. Using time-resolved grazing incidence wide angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS) and complementary static atomic force microscopy (AFM), we demonstrate that solvent vapor annealing in the molecular regime can cause significant performance improvements in organic thin film transistors (OTFTs), whereas allowing the solvent to percolate and form a liquid phase results in catastrophic reorganization and dewetting of the film, making the process counterproductive. Using these lessons we devise processing conditions which prevent percolation of the adsorbed solvent vapor molecules for extended peri...
46 citations
TL;DR: These OFETs with unprecedented water stability are reported on, which paves the way for the development of continuous chemical/biological nondestructive sensor applications in aqueous media.
Abstract: The use of organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) as sensors in aqueous media has gained increased attention for environmental monitoring and medical diagnostics. However, stable operation of OFETs in aqueous media is particularly challenging because of electrolytic hydrolysis of water, high ionic conduction through the analyte, and irreversible damage of organic semiconductors when exposed to water. To date, OFET sensors have shown the capability of label-free sensing of various chemical/biological species, but they could only be used once because their operational stability and lifetime while operating in aqueous environments has been poor, and their response times typically slow. Here, we report on OFETs with unprecedented water stability. These OFETs are suitable for the implementation of reusable chemical/biological sensors because they primarily respond to charged species diluted in an aqueous media by rapidly shifting their threshold voltage. These OFET sensors present stable current baselines an...
38 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an 11-stage ring oscillator (RO) made of organic thin-film transistors (TFTs) exhibits the switching speed of 31.4 kHz at the supply voltage of 20 V.
Abstract: We report the high-performance circuit on 25-μm polyimide substrate with organic thin-film transistors (TFTs) (OTFTs) using 6,13-bis(triisopropyl-silylethynyl) pentacene and polymer blending. Because of high mobility (0.64 cm2/V·s) and low threshold voltage (<;|1 V|) of the TFTs, an 11-stage ring oscillator (RO) made of these TFTs exhibits the switching speed of 31.4 kHz at the supply voltage of 20 V. The output waveforms of the RO change little after 5000 times bending with a radius of curvature of 2 mm, and thus, the OTFT circuits can be applied to very flexible electronics.
25 citations
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