Permeable metal-organic frameworks for fuel (gas) storage applications
01 Jan 2021-pp 111-126
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors systematically summarize the recent scientific inventions in the field of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for fuel storage of various eco-friendly (H2, C2H2 and CH4) and non-eco-friendly gases with representative examples with versatile functionalities with their fuel uptake and working capacities at various parameters such as pressure and temperature.
Abstract: Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) or porous coordination polymers are a significantly unique section of crystalline porous materials over other conventional materials such as zeolites, polymeric storage materials, which are synthesized as robust clusters of metal ions and organic ligands The superior properties of MOFs, including permanent porosity, good thermal stability, and flexible functionality, and facile host–guest interactions of MOFs make them versatile and promising materials with diversified potential applications such as fuel storage, separation, and catalysis In this chapter, we systematically summarize the recent scientific inventions in the field of MOFs for fuel storage of various eco-friendly (H2, C2H2, and CH4) and non-eco-friendly (CO2) gases with representative examples with versatile functionalities with their fuel uptake and working capacities at various parameters such as pressure and temperature
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01 Jan 2010
TL;DR: In this article, six prototype microporous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with variable structures and porosities were examined for their acetylene storage, highlighting HKUST-1 as the highest storage material ever reported with an uptake of 201 cm(3)/g at 295 K and 1 atm.
Abstract: Six prototype microporous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) HKUST-1, MOF-505, MOF-508, MIL-53, MOF-5, and ZIF-8 with variable structures and porosities were examined for their acetylene storage, highlighting HKUST-1 as the highest acetylene storage material ever reported with an uptake of 201 cm(3)/g at 295 K and 1 atm. To locate the acetylene binding sites within HKUST-1, neutron powder diffraction studies on acetylene loaded HKUST-1 were carried out and have conclusively established the significant contribution of open Cu(2+) sites for acetylene storage by their strong preferred interactions with acetylene molecules. The binding properties of acetylene gas at different sites were further investigated by first-principles calculations.
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TL;DR: Metal-organic frameworks are porous materials that have potential for applications such as gas storage and separation, as well as catalysis, and methods are being developed for making nanocrystals and supercrystals of MOFs for their incorporation into devices.
Abstract: Crystalline metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are formed by reticular synthesis, which creates strong bonds between inorganic and organic units. Careful selection of MOF constituents can yield crystals of ultrahigh porosity and high thermal and chemical stability. These characteristics allow the interior of MOFs to be chemically altered for use in gas separation, gas storage, and catalysis, among other applications. The precision commonly exercised in their chemical modification and the ability to expand their metrics without changing the underlying topology have not been achieved with other solids. MOFs whose chemical composition and shape of building units can be multiply varied within a particular structure already exist and may lead to materials that offer a synergistic combination of properties.
10,934 citations
TL;DR: This work has shown that highly porous frameworks held together by strong metal–oxygen–carbon bonds and with exceptionally large surface area and capacity for gas storage have been prepared and their pore metrics systematically varied and functionalized.
Abstract: The long-standing challenge of designing and constructing new crystalline solid-state materials from molecular building blocks is just beginning to be addressed with success. A conceptual approach that requires the use of secondary building units to direct the assembly of ordered frameworks epitomizes this process: we call this approach reticular synthesis. This chemistry has yielded materials designed to have predetermined structures, compositions and properties. In particular, highly porous frameworks held together by strong metal-oxygen-carbon bonds and with exceptionally large surface area and capacity for gas storage have been prepared and their pore metrics systematically varied and functionalized.
8,013 citations
TL;DR: Metal-organic framework (MOF-5), a prototype of a new class of porous materials and one that is constructed from octahedral Zn-O-C clusters and benzene links, was used to demonstrate that its three-dimensional porous system can be functionalized with the organic groups and can be expanded with the long molecular struts biphenyl, tetrahydropyrene, pyrene, and terphenyl.
Abstract: A strategy based on reticulating metal ions and organic carboxylate links into extended networks has been advanced to a point that allowed the design of porous structures in which pore size and functionality could be varied systematically. Metal-organic framework (MOF-5), a prototype of a new class of porous materials and one that is constructed from octahedral Zn-O-C clusters and benzene links, was used to demonstrate that its three-dimensional porous system can be functionalized with the organic groups –Br, –NH2, –OC3H7, –OC5H11, –C2H4, and –C4H4 and that its pore size can be expanded with the long molecular struts biphenyl, tetrahydropyrene, pyrene, and terphenyl. We synthesized an isoreticular series (one that has the same framework topology) of 16 highly crystalline materials whose open space represented up to 91.1% of the crystal volume, as well as homogeneous periodic pores that can be incrementally varied from 3.8 to 28.8 angstroms. One member of this series exhibited a high capacity for methane storage (240 cubic centimeters at standard temperature and pressure per gram at 36 atmospheres and ambient temperature), and others the lowest densities (0.41 to 0.21 gram per cubic centimeter) for a crystalline material at room temperature.
6,922 citations
TL;DR: The state-of-the-art on hybrid porous solids, their advantages, their new routes of synthesis, the structural concepts useful for their 'design', aiming at reaching very large pores are presented.
Abstract: This critical review will be of interest to the experts in porous solids (including catalysis), but also solid state chemists and physicists. It presents the state-of-the-art on hybrid porous solids, their advantages, their new routes of synthesis, the structural concepts useful for their ‘design’, aiming at reaching very large pores. Their dynamic properties and the possibility of predicting their structure are described. The large tunability of the pore size leads to unprecedented properties and applications. They concern adsorption of species, storage and delivery and the physical properties of the dense phases. (323 references)
5,187 citations
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