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Journal ArticleDOI

Peroxiredoxin Evolution and the Regulation of Hydrogen Peroxide Signaling

25 Apr 2003-Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science)-Vol. 300, Iss: 5619, pp 650-653
TL;DR: It is suggested that this adaptation allows 2-Cys Prxs to act as floodgates, keeping resting levels of hydrogen peroxide low, while permitting higher levels during signal transduction, and is proposed to be the structural origins of sensitivity.
Abstract: Eukaryotic 2-Cys peroxiredoxins (2-Cys Prxs) not only act as antioxidants, but also appear to regulate hydrogen peroxide-mediated signal transduction. We show that bacterial 2-Cys Prxs are much less sensitive to oxidative inactivation than are eukaryotic 2-Cys Prxs. By identifying two sequence motifs unique to the sensitive 2-Cys Prxs and comparing the crystal structure of a bacterial 2-Cys Prx at 2.2 angstrom resolution with other Prx structures, we define the structural origins of sensitivity. We suggest this adaptation allows 2-Cys Prxs to act as floodgates, keeping resting levels of hydrogen peroxide low, while permitting higher levels during signal transduction.
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is argued that redox biology, rather than oxidative stress, underlies physiological and pathological conditions.

4,297 citations


Cites background from "Peroxiredoxin Evolution and the Reg..."

  • ...It appears that, early in evolution, nature selected for ROS as a signal transduction mechanism to allow for adaptation to changes in environmental nutrients and the oxidative environment [3]....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The pathways that regulate ROS homeostasis are crucial for mitigating the toxicity of ROS and provide strong evidence about specificity in ROS signalling.
Abstract: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been shown to be toxic but also function as signalling molecules. This biological paradox underlies mechanisms that are important for the integrity and fitness of living organisms and their ageing. The pathways that regulate ROS homeostasis are crucial for mitigating the toxicity of ROS and provide strong evidence about specificity in ROS signalling. By taking advantage of the chemistry of ROS, highly specific mechanisms have evolved that form the basis of oxidant scavenging and ROS signalling systems.

2,941 citations


Cites background from "Peroxiredoxin Evolution and the Reg..."

  • ..., which provides the basis for selectivity and specificit...

    [...]

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review examines how target selectivity and antioxidant effectiveness vary for different oxidants and highlights areas where greater understanding is required on the fate of oxidants generated by cellular NADPH oxidases and on the identification of oxidant sensors in cell signaling.
Abstract: There is a vast literature on the generation and effects of reactive oxygen species in biological systems, both in relation to damage they cause and their involvement in cell regulatory and signaling pathways. The biological chemistry of different oxidants is becoming well understood, but it is often unclear how this translates into cellular mechanisms where redox changes have been demonstrated. This review addresses this gap. It examines how target selectivity and antioxidant effectiveness vary for different oxidants. Kinetic considerations of reactivity are used to assess likely targets in cells and how reactions might be influenced by restricted diffusion and compartmentalization. It also highlights areas where greater understanding is required on the fate of oxidants generated by cellular NADPH oxidases and on the identification of oxidant sensors in cell signaling.

2,011 citations


Cites background from "Peroxiredoxin Evolution and the Reg..."

  • ...Peroxiredoxins are usually considered to function as part of the cell's antioxidant defense, and where they have been proposed to be important in cell signaling, it is in a peroxide-removing capacit...

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210046, P. R. China.
Abstract: Yuming Yang,†,§ Qiang Zhao,‡,§ Wei Feng,† and Fuyou Li*,† †Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China ‡Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210046, P. R. China.

1,999 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This Opinion focuses on the possibility that ROS are beneficial to plants, supporting cellular proliferation, physiological function, and viability, and that maintaining a basal level of ROS in cells is essential for life.

1,828 citations

References
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Using crystal structures, a detailed catalytic cycle has been derived for typical 2-Cys Prxs, including a model for the redox-regulated oligomeric state proposed to control enzyme activity.

2,388 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The discussion presented here provides a tabular summary of many of the redox effects on gene expression and signaling pathways that are currently known to exist, and highlights the growing number of pathways shown to be dependent on oxidation or antioxidation.

1,252 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
15 Nov 2002-Cell
TL;DR: The glutathione peroxidase-like enzyme Gpx3 is identified as a second component of the pathway, serving the role of sensor and transducer of the hydroperoxide signal to Yap1, revealing a redox-signaling function for a GPx- like enzyme and elucidate a eukaryotic Hydroperoxide-sensing mechanism.

838 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Reactive oxygen species were originally thought to only be released by phagocytic cells during their role in host defence, but it is now clear that ROS have a cell signalling role in many biological systems, both in animals and in plants.
Abstract: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were originally thought to only be released by phagocytic cells during their role in host defence. It is now clear that ROS have a cell signalling role in many biological systems, both in animals and in plants. ROS induce programmed cell death or necrosis, induce or suppress the expression of many genes, and activate cell signalling cascades, such as those involving mitogen-activated protein kinases.

732 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Results suggest that Prx enzymes likely play an important role in eliminating peroxides generated during metabolism, and might participate in the signaling cascades of growth factors and tumor necrosis factor-α by regulating the intracellular concentration of H2O2.

693 citations