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Journal ArticleDOI

Persistent Solar Influence on North Atlantic Climate During the Holocene

07 Dec 2001-Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science)-Vol. 294, Iss: 5549, pp 2130-2136
TL;DR: A solar forcing mechanism therefore may underlie at least the Holocene segment of the North Atlantic's “1500-year” cycle, potentially providing an additional mechanism for amplifying the solar signals and transmitting them globally.
Abstract: Surface winds and surface ocean hydrography in the subpolar North Atlantic appear to have been influenced by variations in solar output through the entire Holocene. The evidence comes from a close correlation between inferred changes in production rates of the cosmogenic nuclides carbon-14 and beryllium-10 and centennial to millennial time scale changes in proxies of drift ice measured in deep-sea sediment cores. A solar forcing mechanism therefore may underlie at least the Holocene segment of the North Atlantic's "1500-year" cycle. The surface hydrographic changes may have affected production of North Atlantic Deep Water, potentially providing an additional mechanism for amplifying the solar signals and transmitting them globally.
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, an examination of similar to50 globally distributed paleoclimate records reveals as many as six periods of significant rapid climate change during the time periods 9000-8000, 6000-5000, 4200-3800, 3500-2500, 1200-1000, and 600-150 cal yr B.P.

2,255 citations


Cites background from "Persistent Solar Influence on North..."

  • ...bility had a major influence on climate during this interval (Bond et al., 2001; Denton and Karlén, 1973; Mayewski et al., 1997; O’Brien et al., 1995)....

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  • ...Of all the potential climate forcing mechanisms, solar variability superimposed on long-term changes in insolation (Bond et al., 2001; Denton and Karlén, 1973; Mayewski et al., 1997; O’Brien et al., 1995) seems to be the most likely important forcing mechanism for the RCCs except perhaps those at 9000–8000 and 4200–3800 cal yr B....

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Journal ArticleDOI
06 May 2005-Science
TL;DR: A 5-year-resolution absolute-dated oxygen isotope record from Dongge Cave, southern China, provides a continuous history of the Asian monsoon over the past 9000 years, and shows that some, but not all, of the monsoon variability at these frequencies results from changes in solar output.
Abstract: A 5-year-resolution absolute-dated oxygen isotope record from Dongge Cave, southern China, provides a continuous history of the Asian monsoon over the past 9000 years. Although the record broadly follows summer insolation, it is punctuated by eight weak monsoon events lasting approximately 1 to 5 centuries. One correlates with the "8200-year" event, another with the collapse of the Chinese Neolithic culture, and most with North Atlantic ice-rafting events. Cross-correlation of the decadal- to centennial-scale monsoon record with the atmospheric carbon-14 record shows that some, but not all, of the monsoon variability at these frequencies results from changes in solar output.

2,139 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Comparison of measured sea surface temperatures in the Western Pacific with paleoclimate data suggests that this critical ocean region is approximately as warm now as at the Holocene maximum and within ≈1°C of the maximum temperature of the past million years.
Abstract: lobal temperature is a popular metric for summarizing the state of global climate. Climate effects are felt locally, but the global distribution of climate response to many global climate forcings is reasonably congruent in climate models (1), suggesting that the global metric is surprisingly useful. We will argue further, consistent with earlier discussion (2, 3), that measurements in the Western Pacific and Indian Oceans provide a good indication of global temperature change. Wefirstupdateouranalysisofsurfacetemperaturechangebased on instrumental data and compare observed temperature change with predictions of global climate change made in the 1980s. We then examine current temperature anomalies in the tropical Pacific Ocean and discuss their possible significance. Finally, we compare paleoclimate and recent data, using the Earth's history to estimate the magnitude of global warming that is likely to constitute dan-

1,848 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The authors used selected proxy-based reconstructions of different climate variables, together with state-of-the-art time series of natural forcings (orbital variations, solar activity variations, large tropical volcanic eruptions, land cover and greenhouse gases), underpinned by results from GCMs and Earth System Models of Intermediate Complexity (EMICs), to establish a comprehensive explanatory framework for climate changes from the mid-Holocene (MH) to pre-industrial time.

1,539 citations


Cites background or result from "Persistent Solar Influence on North..."

  • ...Unfortunately, the solar activity data do not allow us to extend the analysis to the characteristic 1500 years timescale of the ‘‘Bond Cycles’’....

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  • ...2 we support the idea that ‘‘Bond Cycles’’ are effective during selected time periods in the NH, but question their relevance for the SH until a plausible mechanism for the transmission of the signal is detected (see also Bütikofer, 2007)....

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  • ...Motivated by the findings of O’Brien et al. (1995), Bond et al. (1997, 2001) postulated a Holocene ‘‘1500-year’’ cycle based on petrologic tracers of drift ice in the North Atlantic and suggested that this cycle represents the Holocene continuation of the Dansgaard–Oeschger cycles, which are a…...

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  • ...Niggemann et al. (2003) also found a strong coincidence between the drift ice record of Bond et al. (2001) and their d18O data from a calcitic stalagmite in Sauerland, northwestern Germany....

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  • ...A number of paleoclimatic records provide some evidence for a link between climate changes and solar activity changes (Bond et al., 2001; Neff et al., 2001)....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a continuous record of the Asian monsoon over the last 16 ka from δ18O measurements of stalagmite calcite, which is combined with a chronology from 45 precise 230Th dates.

1,527 citations

References
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Using the concept of "orbital tuning", a continuous, high-resolution deep-sea chronostratigraphy has been developed spanning the last 300,000 yr as mentioned in this paper.

3,256 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
14 Nov 1997-Science
TL;DR: In this paper, the North Atlantic deep sea cores reveal that abrupt shifts punctuated what is conventionally thought to have been a relatively stable Holocene climate, and they make up a series of climate shifts with a cyclicity close to 1470 ± 500 years, which is the most recent manifestation of a pervasive millennial-scale climate cycle operating independently of the glacial-interglacial climate state.
Abstract: Evidence from North Atlantic deep sea cores reveals that abrupt shifts punctuated what is conventionally thought to have been a relatively stable Holocene climate. During each of these episodes, cool, ice-bearing waters from north of Iceland were advected as far south as the latitude of Britain. At about the same times, the atmospheric circulation above Greenland changed abruptly. Pacings of the Holocene events and of abrupt climate shifts during the last glaciation are statistically the same; together, they make up a series of climate shifts with a cyclicity close to 1470 ± 500 years. The Holocene events, therefore, appear to be the most recent manifestation of a pervasive millennial-scale climate cycle operating independently of the glacial-interglacial climate state. Amplification of the cycle during the last glaciation may have been linked to the North Atlantic's thermohaline circulation.

2,979 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The relationship between temperature and O(18) content relative to that for a Cretaceous belemnite of the Pee Dee formation previously reported (Epstein, Buchsbaum, Lowenstam, and Urey, 1951) has been re-determined using modified procedures for removing organic matter from shells, and is found to be 16.5 - 4.3 δ + 0.14 δ^2
Abstract: The relationship between temperature and O^(18) content relative to that for a Cretaceous belemnite of the Pee Dee formation previously reported (Epstein, Buchsbaum, Lowenstam, and Urey, 1951) has been re-determined using modified procedures for removing organic matter from shells, and is found to be t(°C) = 16.5 - 4.3δ + 0.14δ^2 where δ is the difference in per mil of the O^(18) to O^(16) ratio between the sample and reference gas. The new relationship agrees with that determined by McCrea (1950) for inorganically precipitated calcium carbonate. Carbonate-carbon dioxide exchange experiments were done to determine the direct and indirect effects of organic matter in the shell on the mass spectrometer analyses.

2,109 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A Macintosh computer program that can perform many time-series analysis procedures is now available on the Internet free of charge, originally designed for paleoclimatic time series.
Abstract: A Macintosh computer program that can perform many time-series analysis procedures is now available on the Internet free of charge. Although AnalySeries was originally designed for paleoclimatic time series, it can be useful for most fields of Earth sciences. The program's graphical user interface allows easy access even for people unfamiliar with computer calculations. Previous versions of the program are already used by hundreds of scientists worldwide.

2,015 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jun 1997-Geology
TL;DR: The most prominent Holocene climatic event in Greenland ice-core proxies, with approximately half the amplitude of the Younger Dryas, occurred ∼8000 to 8400 yr ago.
Abstract: The most prominent Holocene climatic event in Greenland ice-core proxies, with approximately half the amplitude of the Younger Dryas, occurred ∼8000 to 8400 yr ago. This Holocene event affected regions well beyond the North Atlantic basin, as shown by synchronous increases in windblown chemical indicators together with a significant decrease in methane. Widespread proxy records from the tropics to the north polar regions show a short-lived cool, dry, or windy event of similar age. The spatial pattern of terrestrial and marine changes is similar to that of the Younger Dryas event, suggesting a role for North Atlantic thermohaline circulation. Possible forcings identified thus far for this Holocene event are small, consistent with recent model results indicating high sensitivity and strong linkages in the climatic system.

1,754 citations

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