Personal stigma in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: a systematic review of prevalence rates, correlates, impact and interventions
TL;DR: While socio‐demographic variables were only marginally associated with stigma, psychosocial variables, especially lower quality of life, showed overall significant correlations, and illness‐related factors showed heterogeneous associations, except for social anxiety that was unequivocally associated with personal stigma.
About: This article is published in World Psychiatry.The article was published on 2013-06-01 and is currently open access. It has received 256 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Stigma (botany) & Psychosocial.
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TL;DR: This paper identifies seven mis‐uses (“abuses”) of the concept of recovery and identifies ten empirically‐validated interventions which support recovery, by targeting key recovery processes of connectedness, hope, identity, meaning and empowerment (the CHIME framework).
656 citations
University of Naples Federico II1, University of L'Aquila2, University of Turin3, University of Bari4, University of Bologna5, University of Catania6, University of Genoa7, University of Foggia8, Sapienza University of Rome9, University of Pisa10, University of Chieti-Pescara11, University of Siena12, University of Parma13, University of Salerno14, University of Milan15, University of Cagliari16, University of Brescia17, University of Padua18, University of Rome Tor Vergata19, University of Eastern Piedmont20
TL;DR: The observed complex associations among investigated predictors, mediators and real‐life functioning strongly suggest that integrated and personalized programs should be provided as standard treatment to people with schizophrenia.
344 citations
TL;DR: There is an evidence base to inform the roll out of programs for improving personal stigma among members of the community, but there is a need to investigate methods for improving the effectiveness of these programs and to develop interventions that are effective in reducing perceived and internalized stigma.
325 citations
TL;DR: It is hoped that this limited capacity for prediction will improve as pathophysiological understanding increases and/or new treatments for specific aspects of schizophrenia become available.
Abstract: The search for clinical outcome predictors for schizophrenia is as old as the field of psychiatry. However, despite a wealth of large, longitudinal studies into prognostic factors, only very few clinically useful outcome predictors have been identified. The goal of future treatment is to either affect modifiable risk factors, or use nonmodifiable factors to parse patients into therapeutically meaningful subgroups. Most clinical outcome predictors are nonspecific and/or nonmodifiable. Nonmodifiable predictors for poor odds of remission include male sex, younger age at disease onset, poor premorbid adjustment, and severe baseline psychopathology. Modifiable risk factors for poor therapeutic outcomes that clinicians can act upon include longer duration of untreated illness, nonadherence to antipsychotics, comorbidities (especially substance-use disorders), lack of early antipsychotic response, and lack of improvement with non-clozapine antipsychotics, predicting clozapine response. It is hoped that this limited capacity for prediction will improve as pathophysiological understanding increases and/or new treatments for specific aspects of schizophrenia become available.
157 citations
TL;DR: The results of this comprehensive and updated quantitative systematic meta‐review of top‐tier evidence regarding the safety of antidepressants, antipsychotics, anti‐ADHD medications and mood stabilizers in children and adolescents can inform clinical practice, research and treatment guidelines.
146 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the relationship between information control and personal identity, including the Discredited and the Discreditable Social Information Visibility Personal Identity Biography Biographical Others Passing Techniques of Information Control Covering.
Abstract: CONTENTS 1. Stigma and Social Identity Preliminary Conceptions The Own and the Wise Moral Career 2. Information Control and Personal Identity The Discredited and the Discreditable Social Information Visibility Personal Identity Biography Biographical Others Passing Techniques of Information Control Covering 3. Group Alignment and Ego Identity Ambivalence Professional Presentations In-Group Alignments Out-Group Alignments The Politics of Identity 4. The Self and Its Other Deviations and Norms The Normal Deviant Stigma and Reality 5. Deviations and Deviance
17,631 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1963
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the relationship between information control and personal identity, including the Discredited and the Discreditable Social Information Visibility Personal Identity Biography Biographical Others Passing Techniques of Information Control Covering.
Abstract: CONTENTS 1. Stigma and Social Identity Preliminary Conceptions The Own and the Wise Moral Career 2. Information Control and Personal Identity The Discredited and the Discreditable Social Information Visibility Personal Identity Biography Biographical Others Passing Techniques of Information Control Covering 3. Group Alignment and Ego Identity Ambivalence Professional Presentations In-Group Alignments Out-Group Alignments The Politics of Identity 4. The Self and Its Other Deviations and Norms The Normal Deviant Stigma and Reality 5. Deviations and Deviance
13,742 citations
TL;DR: While there is reason for optimism in the public's recognition of mental illness and causal attributions, a strong stereotype of dangerousness and desire for social distance persist and are likely to negatively affect people with mental illness.
Abstract: OBJECTIVES: The authors used nationwide survey data to characterize current public conceptions related to recognition of mental illness and perceived causes, dangerousness, and desired social distance. METHODS: Data were derived from a vignette experiment included in the 1996 General Social Survey. Respondents (n = 1444) were randomly assigned to 1 of 5 vignette conditions. Four vignettes described psychiatric disorders meeting diagnostic criteria, and the fifth depicted a "troubled person" with subclinical problems and worries. RESULTS: Results indicate that the majority of the public identifies schizophrenia (88%) and major depression (69%) as mental illnesses and that most report multicausal explanations combining stressful circumstances with biologic and genetic factors. Results also show, however, that smaller proportions associate alcohol (49%) or drug (44%) abuse with mental illness and that symptoms of mental illness remain strongly connected with public fears about potential violence and with a d...
1,822 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: This paper integrates research specific to mental illness stigma with the more general body of research on stereotypes and prejudice to provide a brief overview of issues in the area and develops examples of public and self-stigma.
1,369 citations
TL;DR: The concept of mental illness stigma is clarified and consequences for individuals with mental illness are discussed, focussing on self-stigma/empowerment and fear of stigma as a barrier to using health services.
1,309 citations
"Personal stigma in schizophrenia sp..." refers background or result in this paper
...This is in contrast to numerous interventions aimed at reducing public stigma (6,7)....
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...Several disease and patient characteristics have been identified as factors influencing stigmatization (4,5), and anti-stigma initiatives have been established to decrease stigmatizing attitudes and discriminating actions in individuals and society as a whole (6,7)....
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