Personality and suicidal ideation in the elderly: Factorial invariance and latent means structures across age
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Citations
Aging, mental health, and suicide. An integrative review
Psychometric properties of the Italian version of the Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire‐15 (INQ‐15‐I)
Neuroticismo e ideas suicidas: un estudio meta-analítico
Effectiveness of therapy in terms of reduction of intensity and elimination of suicidal ideation in day hospital for the treatment of neurotic and behavioral disorders.
Changes in intensity of neurotic symptoms associated with reduction of suicidal ideation in patients who underwent psychotherapy in the day hospital for the treatment of neurotic and behavioral disorders.
References
Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis : Conventional criteria versus new alternatives
Comparative fit indexes in structural models
Structural Equations with Latent Variables
Structural Equation Modeling With Mplus: Basic Concepts, Applications, And Programming
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Frequently Asked Questions (17)
Q2. What future works have the authors mentioned in the paper "Personality and suicidal ideation in the elderly: factorial invariance and latent means structures across age" ?
In the suicidal ideation factor, neuroticism was related to a perception of negative mood and future expectations, whereas in the personality factor, introversion was associated with a negative perception of the self and the others. In particular, in this study the authors focused on testing the invariance of factors between the two groups, and they believe that future research efforts should be addressed to examining the structure of these factors, especially from a mediational perspective. The authors found a common underlying latent structure for elderly and young adults, suggesting that most predictors of SI are common across these groups, although it is possible that the salience of their associations may vary across age. Further examination of the theoretical model with more comprehensive samples ( including residents in other Italian regions where suicidal rates are lower, as well as residents in other countries ) may reveal informative.
Q3. How is the fit of the configural model tested?
Metric invariance is tested by imposing equality constraints on corresponding factor loadings and comparing the fit of the constrained model to the configural model.
Q4. What can be done to test for factorial equivalence?
To test for factorial equivalence, given that the estimation of baseline models involves no between-group constraints, the data can be analyzed separately for each group.
Q5. What is the definition of a metric invariance test?
Scalar invariance requires that the intercepts of the observed variables are the same across groups and is tested by imposing equality constraints on the intercepts and assessing model fit in comparison to the metric invariant model.
Q6. How did the authors evaluate the underlying structure of personality dimensions?
nine scales representing depression, hopelessness, attachment representations of the self and the other, and the alternative five-factor model of personality, as well as the underlying latent structure of these observed variables characterizing dimensions of personality and SI risk, were tested in young adults and older adults.
Q7. What is the mortality rate among the elderly?
Recent epidemiological studies indicate a death rate of 6.1/ 100,000 inhabitants among individuals aged 25–44, 8.4 among those aged 45–64, and 11.3 among those aged >65 (Istituto Nazionale di Statistica, 2011).
Q8. What is the effect of the dichotomous response format on the measure of hopelessness?
Several authors have noted that although generally accepted in clinical and research contexts, the original dichotomous response format is likely to constrict measurement variance and determine lower sensitivity (Hayslip, Lopez, & Nation, 1991; Hill, Gallagher, Thompson, & Ishida, 1988; Neufeld et al., 2010).
Q9. What is the main cause of death in the elderly?
In Italy, suicide is the third major cause of death in the adult population, and rates tend to rise with age (Pompili et al., 2010).
Q10. What is the purpose of the CFA?
CFA seeks to determine if the number of factors and the loadings of measured (indicator) variables conform to what is expected by the pre-established theory.
Q11. What is the definition of a factor analysis?
Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) allows for a test of specific hypotheses concerning the relation between observed variables and their underlying latent constructs.
Q12. What were the alphas for aggression, activity, extraversion, neuroticism, and?
The authors reported that alphas for aggressiveness, activity, extraversion, neuroticism, and sensation seeking were .78–.81, .76–.73, .75–.75, .74–.79, and .70–.72 for the Spanish and American samples, respectively.
Q13. What is the importance of improving research?
The authors highlight here the importance of improving research, particularly aiming at identifying risk factors for suicidality in the elderly and providing a more comprehensive theoretical framework.
Q14. What is the main reason for the increase in suicide in the elderly?
Although fatal attempts in the elderly are more frequent than in younger adults, there is evidence that the elderly are less likely to present long-term elaboration of suicidal thoughts and to communicate their intent and ideation (Conwell et al., 1998).
Q15. How did Wiktorsson et al. (2013) find that suicide attempters aged 75?
In the same vein, Wiktorsson et al. (2013) found that suicide attempters aged 75 and above scored higher on neuroticism than comparisons, and lower on the extraversion scale.
Q16. What is the definition of a measurement model?
The measurement model specifies hypotheses about the relations between a set of observed variables and the unobserved variables or constructs that they were designed to measure.
Q17. What are the main reasons for the increase in suicide among the elderly?
the progressive increase in average life expectancy and the aging of the population exhort researchers to investigate and assess risk factors for suicidal ideation (SI) in the elderly.