Perspectivas da avaliação na Política Nacional de Humanização em Saúde: aspectos conceituais e metodológicos
01 Jul 2007-Ciencia & Saude Coletiva (ABRASCO - Associação Brasileira de Saúde Coletiva)-Vol. 12, Iss: 4, pp 999-1010
TL;DR: Reforcar tais especificidades e perspectivas de aproximacao, buscou-se nao somente registrar a amplitude e complexidade dos dispositivos e acoes propostos no âmbito do HumanizaSUS, como tambem fazer uma breve revisao of conceitos e componentes englobados na area of monitoramento e avaliacao.
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to prompt discussions of the perspectives of the Evaluation of Brazil's National Health Humanization Policy being implemented by the Ministry of Health (PNH/HumanizaSUS). It strives to systemize some Health Evaluation benchmarks, distinguishing two key aspects of this evaluation: one examines methodologies for the definition of Humanization actions monitoring indicators; the other analyzes evaluatory surveys measuring the impacts of these actions. Both aspects were scored, highlighting specific characteristics that must be recognized in the approach and use of evaluation methodologies under the aegis of this Policy. In order to strengthen such specific characteristics and approach perspectives, it explores the extent and complexity of the tools and actions proposed in the field covered by this Policy, while also offering an brief review of the concepts and components encompassed by the Monitoring and Evaluation area.
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10 Jan 2012
TL;DR: A pesquisa avaliativa dos cursos de formacao de apoiadores promovidos pela Politica Nacional de Humanizacao da Gestao e da Atencao do SUS in tres estados de Brazil, in 2008 and 2009, was presented by.
Abstract: Este trabalho apresenta a pesquisa avaliativa dos cursos de formacao de apoiadores promovidos pela Politica Nacional de Humanizacao da Gestao e da Atencao do SUS em tres estados brasileiros,entre os anos de 2008 e 2009. O estudo multicentrico e interinstitucional vem sendo desenvolvido em tres instituicoes academicas parceiras nos estados envolvidos, alem do Ministerio da Saude. A pesquisa sepropoe,principalmente, a avaliar os processos de formacao e seus efeitos na producao de saude dos referidos territorios. Propoe-se,ainda, a avaliacao dos condicionantes que favorecem ou dificultam a sustentacao e continuidade dos processos de mudanca disparados pelos planos de intervencoes elaborados durante os cursos, bem como desenvolver metodologias que possam servir de marco teorico-metodologico para outras pesquisas avaliativas no campo da saude. A orientacao metodologica de avaliacao formativa e participativa,a mesma que estruturou os projetos pedagogicos dos cursos em questao,mantem-se na pesquisa que os avalia. Tal metodologia de avaliacao produz informacao para (retro)alimentar todo o processo de intervencao desencadeado,tornando o planejar-fazer ato indissociavel. Esta aposta de arquitetura institucional implica a superacao da logica que separa avaliador de avaliado,incorporando pontos de vista dos diferentes atores envolvidos no processo. Partindo deste ideario etico-metodologico a pesquisa sera executada e organizada nas etapas: Colheita dos Dados;Sistematizacao e validacao das informacoes com a utilizacao do software Atlas-ti e Analise final e devolucao dos resultados. Ao final do processo pretende-se elaborar instrumentos sensiveis as dimensoes da humanizacao que possam contribuir para a formulacao de outros cursos e estudos no âmbito da saude coletiva e da educacao em saude.
01 Jun 2014
TL;DR: In this article, an estudo realizado by metodologia qualitativa, tendo como sujeitos a pesquisa alunos e usuarios da instituicao, utilizando entrevistas semi-estruturadas, examinadas a partir da analise do conteudo.
Abstract: Objetivo: Avaliar o acolhimento na pratica assistencial e no projeto pedagogico de um curso de Odontologia. Materiais e metodos: Este estudo foi realizado por metodologia qualitativa, tendo como sujeitos da pesquisa alunos e usuarios da instituicao, utilizando entrevistas semi-estruturadas, examinadas a partir da analise do conteudo. Resultados: Os resultados mostraram que o acolhimento esta relacionado a disponibilidade de vagas aos usuarios, ao relacionamento entre os membros da equipe e em relacao a referencia e contra referencia dos usuarios. O acolhimento na pratica clinica nao apresenta solidez. Conceitos e reflexoes acerca do tema permearam os discursos, mas as praticas sao principalmente conservadoras e antigas. Conclusao: O acolhimento como atributo da integralidade da atencao ainda e um conceito em construcao, uma reflexao que ainda nao se concretizou. Observa-se a convivencia de elementos a conquistar e alguns ja em curso. E necessario que a pratica do acolhimento seja objeto de discussao maior na faculdade, teorizando-a e tornando-a uma realidade de modo que todos os segmentos a percebam. Descritores: Educacao em Odontologia. Acolhimento. Pesquisa qualitativa.
31 May 2014
TL;DR: The embracement of patients in healthcare practices and the pedagogical approaches to care are evaluated to evaluate the relationship between these practices and patients' expectations.
Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the embracement of patients in healthcare practices and the pedagogical
15 Dec 2015
TL;DR: O processo de humanizacao desse ambiente se faz necessario visando acompanhar os avancos a nivel tecnologico ja implementados nestas unidades.
Abstract: Introducao: Constato a gravidade do estado de saude de um determinado paciente, o mesmo e encaminhado para uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI); esse ambiente e caracterizado por um setor do hospital que oferece tratamento especifico e intensivo para pacientes em estado critico. Objetivo: Verificar na literatura a importância da analise de estressores em UTI para otimizar as estrategias de humanizacao nesse setor. Material e Metodo: Foi realizada uma revisao de literatura sistematica e descritiva baseada em busca de bases de dados online MEDILINE, LILACS e SCIELO. Os criterios de inclusao adotados foram: artigos publicados entre 2002 a 2014 em lingua portuguesa e com os seguintes descritores: UTI, Analise de estressores, estresse psicologico e humanizacao em UTI. Resultados: De acordo com a literatura, a analise de estressores para pacientes internados em UTI’s e o ponto de partida para a melhora do atendimento prestado, visto que muitos dos estressores sao passiveis de intervencoes, essas que visam promover uma melhor adaptacao do paciente ao ambiente, que consequentemente minimizam o desconforto advindo do periodo de hospitalizacao. Consideracoes Finais: Apesar das complexidades que envolvem o atendimento nas UTI’s, o processo de humanizacao desse ambiente se faz necessario visando acompanhar os avancos a nivel tecnologico ja implementados nestas unidades.
References
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the relationship between quality of life and health by applying the discourses emerging in the health sector to other fields and other disciplines, which constitute social representation based on subjective parameters such as satisfaction of basic needs and of the needs created by the degree of economical and social development of a given society.
Abstract: This paper discusses the relationships between quality of life and health by applying the discourses emerging in the health sector to other fields and other disciplines. These relationships constitute social representation based on subjective parameters (well-being, happiness, love, pleasure, personal satisfaction), and on objective ones such as satisfaction of basic needs and of the needs created by the degree of economical and social development of a given society. The text presents the main instruments which have been constructed during the last years for measuring quality of life, as well as the debate they cause. It also debates the semantic field where the representations and actions in favour of quality of life - such as the concept of development, democracy, quality, way and conditions of life - develop. In relation to the field of health, this article discusses the tendency to restrict the concept of quality of life to the biomedical area, associated with an economic assessment. It shows the variety of instruments created for measuring quality of life in accordance with the concept. Health promotion is considered one of the most relevant strategies in this field in order to avoid medical reductionism and to develop an interdisciplinary dialogue. It is argued that this proposal, however, still needs to be refined and tested in sanitary practices.
964 citations
TL;DR: It is argued that the answer to this question is essential for choosing an appropriate evaluation design, drawing upon examples from the fields of health and nutrition, and a framework is proposed for deciding upon appropriate evaluation designs.
Abstract: The question of why to evaluate a programme is seldom discussed in the literature. The present paper argues that the answer to this question is essential for choosing an appropriate evaluation design. The discussion is centered on summative evaluations of large-scale programme effectiveness, drawing upon examples from the fields of health and nutrition but the findings may be applicable to other subject areas. The main objective of an evaluation is to influence decisions. How complex and precise the evaluation must be depends on who the decision maker is and on what types of decisions will be taken as a consequence of the findings. Different decision makers demand not only different types of information but also vary in their requirements of how informative and precise the findings must be. Both complex and simple evaluations, however, should be equally rigorous in relating the design to the decisions. Based on the types of decisions that may be taken, a framework is proposed for deciding upon appropriate evaluation designs. Its first axis concerns the indicators of interest, whether these refer to provision or utilization of services, coverage or impact measures. The second axis refers to the type of inference to be made, whether this is a statement of adequacy, plausibility or probability. In addition to the above framework, other factors affect the choice of an evaluation design, including the efficacy of the intervention, the field of knowledge, timing and costs. Regarding the latter, decision makers should be made aware that evaluation costs increase rapidly with complexity so that often a compromise must be reached. Examples are given of how to use the two classification axes, as well as these additional factors, for helping decision makers and evaluators translate the need for evaluation--the why--into the appropriate design--the how.
739 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a debate metodologico em processo at the Escola Nacional de Saude Publica, Brasil, sobre as duas formas de abordagem mais correntes nas investigacoes da area de saude was conducted.
Abstract: Este trabalho resume um debate metodologico em processo na Escola Nacional de Saude Publica, Brasil, sobre as duas formas de abordagem mais correntes nas investigacoes da area de saude: o metodo quantitativo e o metodo qualitativo. Os autores - uma antropologa sanitarista e um bioestatistico - demonstram, com argumentacoes teoricas e praticas, que esses metodos sao de natureza diferenciada, mas se complementam na compreensao da realidade social. Num mundo onde o que distingue o ser humano e a linguagem comunicativa, o acento deste debate recai sobre a possibilidade, o significado e os limites da linguagem matematica e da linguagem de uso comum na experiencia cotidiana.
589 citations
TL;DR: The incorporation of evaluative procedures in health planning or health policy-making and administration is still limited in Brazil, particularly at the local level, and recent implementation of projects for the reorganization of the health services system raises the need for more appropriate strategies aimed at health care evaluation.
Abstract: This is a literature review of theoretical and methodological issues on health care evaluation of research and technical reports. Conceptual frameworks, approaches, subject matter, strategies, and study designs are identified and analyzed. Evaluative research designs are compared with epidemiological ones. A diverse terminology was encountered, and many methodological problems in the literature were examined. The incorporation of evaluative procedures in health planning or health policy-making and administration is still limited in Brazil, particularly at the local level. Recent implementation of projects for the reorganization of the health services system based on the administrative autonomy of Local Health Units raises the need for more appropriate strategies aimed at health care evaluation. Perspectives for the development of alternative strategies are indicated.
200 citations
TL;DR: Nuclear criteria involved in the organization of all evaluation processes are identified, and articulated with the existing institutionalized evaluation practices in developed countries, that is, program evaluation, quality assessment and management and technology assessment.
Abstract: The field of program, services and technology evaluation in general, and in health care in particular, is going through an important growth and conceptual and methodological diversification. It is also the object of an increasing demand for its participation as an effective supportive instrument in the decision-making process, and a constant need in the dynamics of health systems and services. In this paper, based on literature review, nuclear criteria involved in the organization of all evaluation processes are identified, and articulated with the existing institutionalized evaluation practices in developed countries, that is, program evaluation, quality assessment and management and technology assessment. In conclusion, the incipient development of a methodological evaluation output in Brazil is analyzed.
192 citations