Petrology and geochemistry of spinel peridotite xenoliths from Hannuoba and Qixia, North China craton
TL;DR: In this article, mineralogical and chemical compositions of spinel peridotite xenoliths from two Tertiary alkali basalt localities on the Archean North China craton (Hannuoba and Qixia) were reported.
About: This article is published in Lithos.The article was published on 2004-09-01. It has received 497 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Craton & Peridotite.
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TL;DR: In this article, the first finding of continental crust-derived Precambrian zircons in garnet/spinel pyroxenite veins within mantle xenoliths carried by the Neogene Hannuoba basalt in the central zone of the North China Craton (NCC).
Abstract: We present the first finding of continental crust-derived Precambrian zircons in garnet/spinel pyroxenite veins within mantle xenoliths carried by the Neogene Hannuoba basalt in the central zone of the North China Craton (NCC). Petrological and geochemical features indicate that these mantle-derived composite xenoliths were formed by silicic melt^lherzolite interaction. The Precambrian zircon ages can be classified into three age groups of 2·4^2·5 Ga, 1·6^2·2 Ga and 0·6^1·2 Ga, coinciding with major geological events in the NCC. These Precambrian zircons fall in the field of continental granitoid rocks in plots of U/Yb vs Hf and Y. Their igneous-type REE patterns and metamorphic zircon type CL images indicate that they were not crystallized during melt^peridotite interaction and subsequent high-pressure metamorphism.The 2·5 Ga zircons have positive eHf(t) values (2·9^10·6), whereas the younger Precambrian zircons are dominated by negative eHf(t) values, indicating an ancient continental crustal origin.These observations suggest that the Precambrian zircons were xenocrysts that survived melting of recycled continental crustal rocks and were then injected with silicate melt into the host peridotite. In addition to the Precambrian zircons, igneous zircons of 315 3 Ma (2 ), 80^170 Ma and 48^64 Ma were separated from the garnet/spinel pyroxenite veins; these provide evidence for lower continental crust and oceanic crust recycling-induced multi-episodic melt^peridotite interactions in the central zone of the NCC. The combination of the positive eHf(t) values (2·91^24·6) of the 315 Ma zircons with the rare occurrence of 302^324 Ma subduction-related diorite^granite plutons in the northern margin of the NCC implies that the 315 Ma igneous zircons might record melt^peridotite interactions in the lithospheric mantle induced by Palaeo-Asian oceanic crust subduction. Igneous zircons of age 80^170 Ma generally coexist with the Precambrian metamorphic zircons and have lower Ce/Yb and Th/U ratios, higher U/Yb ratios and greater negative Eu anomalies.The eHf(t) values of these zircons vary greatly from ^47·6 to 24·6.The 170^110 Ma zircons are generally characterized by negative eHf(t) values, whereas the 110^100 Ma zircons have positive eHf(t) values.These observations suggest that melt^peridotite interactions at 80^170 Ma were induced by partial melting of recycled continental crust. The 48^64 Ma igneous zircons are characterized by negligible Ce anomalies, unusually high REE, U and Th contents, and positive eHf(t) values.These features imply that the melt^peridotite interactions at 48^64 Ma could be associated with a depleted mantle-derived carbonate melt or fluid.
2,753 citations
TL;DR: It is suggested that lower crustal foundering occurred within the North China craton during the Late Jurassic, and thus provides constraints on the timing of lithosphere removal beneath the NorthChina craton.
Abstract: Foundering of mafic lower continental crust into underlying convecting mantle has been proposed as one means to explain the unusually evolved chemical composition of Earth's continental crust, yet direct evidence of this process has been scarce. Here we report that Late Jurassic high-magnesium andesites, dacites and adakites (siliceous lavas with high strontium and low heavy-rare-earth element and yttrium contents) from the North China craton have chemical and petrographic features consistent with their origin as partial melts of eclogite that subsequently interacted with mantle peridotite. Similar features observed in adakites and some Archaean sodium-rich granitoids of the tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite series have been interpreted to result from interaction of slab melts with the mantle wedge. Unlike their arc-related counterparts, however, the Chinese magmas carry inherited Archaean zircons and have neodymium and strontium isotopic compositions overlapping those of eclogite xenoliths derived from the lower crust of the North China craton. Such features cannot be produced by crustal assimilation of slab melts, given the high Mg#, nickel and chromium contents of the lavas. We infer that the Chinese lavas derive from ancient mafic lower crust that foundered into the convecting mantle and subsequently melted and interacted with peridotite. We suggest that lower crustal foundering occurred within the North China craton during the Late Jurassic, and thus provides constraints on the timing of lithosphere removal beneath the North China craton.
1,495 citations
Cites methods from "Petrology and geochemistry of spine..."
...Concentrations of Sr, Y, Nb, Zr, Cr and Ni obtained using these two methods for the same samples generally agree to within 10% uncertaint...
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used the ICP-MS zircon U-Pb ages and geochemical data for the Mesozoic volcanic rocks in northeast China, with the aim of determining the tectonic settings of the volcanism and constraining the timing of the overprinting and transformations between the Paleo-Asian Ocean, Mongol-Okhotsk, and circum-Pacific Tectonic regimes.
624 citations
TL;DR: The North China Craton (NCC) is a classical example of ancient destroyed cratons and numerous studies have been conducted on the timing, scale, and mechanism of this destruction through combined interdisciplinary research.
Abstract: The North China Craton (NCC) is a classical example of ancient destroyed cratons. Since the initiation of the North China Craton Destruction Project by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, numerous studies have been conducted on the timing, scale, and mechanism of this destruction through combined interdisciplinary research. Available data suggest that the destruction occurred mainly in the eastern NCC, whereas the western NCC was only locally modified. The sedimentation, magmatic activities and structural deformation after cratonization at ~1.8 Ga indicate that the NCC destruction took place in the Mesozoic with a peak age of ca 125 Ma. A global comparison suggests that most cratons on Earth are not destroyed, although they have commonly experienced lithospheric thinning; destruction is likely to occur only when the craton has been disturbed by oceanic subduction. The destruction of the NCC was coincident with globally active plate tectonics and high mantle temperatures during the Cretaceous. The subducted Pacific slab destabilized mantle convection beneath the eastern NCC, which resulted in cratonic destruction in the eastern NCC. Delamination and/or thermal-mechanical-chemical erosion resulted from the destabilization of mantle convection.
551 citations
TL;DR: The Linzizong volcanic rocks from the Linzhou Basin (near Lhasa) suggests that syncollisional felsic magmatism may in fact account for much of the net contribution to continental crust growth as discussed by the authors.
545 citations
References
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared the relative abundances of the refractory elements in carbonaceous, ordinary, and enstatite chondritic meteorites and found that the most consistent composition of the Earth's core is derived from the seismic profile and its interpretation, compared with primitive meteorites, and chemical and petrological models of peridotite-basalt melting relationships.
10,830 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reported that the resulting densities in the lower mantle are in good agreement with shock-wave measurements on rocks having FeO contents in the range 10 ± 2% by weight.
Abstract: RECENTLY, Birch1 reported data on the density and composition of the mantle and core. He wrote: “The resulting densities in the lower mantle are found to be in good agreement with shock-wave measurements on rocks having FeO contents in the range 10 ± 2% by weight … except for iron oxide, the chemical composition of the mantle is indeterminate. The density of the outer core is lower than that of iron by about 10%”.
2,659 citations
2,058 citations
"Petrology and geochemistry of spine..." refers background or methods in this paper
...For example, Ca-in-orthopyroxene temperatures (Brey and Köhler, 1990) show considerable scatter when plotted against two-pyroxene temperatures for both the Hannuoba and Qixia data sets (Fig....
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...The a-in-orthopyroxene (Brey and Köhler, 1990) and two-pyroxene r Hannuoba (circles) and Qixia (squares) peridotite xenoliths....
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...a-in-orthopyroxene (Brey and Köhler, 1990) and two-pyroxene r Hannuoba (circles) and Qixia (squares) peridotite xenoliths....
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...In contrast, the Wells (1977) and Brey and Köhler (1990) calibrations of the two-pyroxene thermometer show a tighter correlation (Fig....
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...For example, Ca-in-orthopyroxene temperatures (Brey and Köhler, 1990) show considerable scatter when plotted against two-pyroxene temperatures for both the Hannuoba and Qixia data sets (Fig....
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TL;DR: In this paper, a mantle plume model is proposed for the formation and evolution of Late Archean basement rocks in the Eastern and Western Blocks based on a combination of extensive exposure of TTG gneisses, affinities of mafic rocks to continental tholeiitic basalts, presence of voluminous komatiitic rocks, dominant diaprism-related domiform structures, anticlockwise P-T paths, and a short time span from the primary emplacement of the TTG and ultramafic-to-maf
1,579 citations
"Petrology and geochemistry of spine..." refers background in this paper
...1; Kusky et al., 2001; Zhao et al., 2000, 2001)....
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...The basement of the eastern block of the North China craton is composed of early to late Archean orthogneisses intruded by 2500 Ma syntectonic granitoids (Zhao et al., 2000, 2001)....
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...This belt is composed of late Archean amphibolites and granulites and 2500 Ma granite–greenstone terrains (Kröner et al., 1988; Kern et al., 1996; Zhao et al., 2000, 2001)....
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...T– t evidence, cited in Zhao et al. (2000, 2001), document a major collisional event between the eastern and western blocks of the North China craton between 1800 and 2000 Ma....
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...One episode occurred during the Paleoproterozoic beneath the Trans-North China orogen, as the Hannuoba peridotites yield a Paleoproterozoic (1.9 Ga) Re–Os age that overlaps the period of cratonization documented by Zhao et al. (2000, 2001)....
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Book•
01 Jan 1994TL;DR: In this Special Issue, working values are reported for 383 international geostandards along with sample description along with database information in the form of databases for easy access from a microcomputer in the laboratory itself.
Abstract: In this Special Issue, working values are reported for 383 international geostandards along with sample description. All this information is available in the form of databases. The possibility of easily accessing data on geostandards from a microcomputer in the laboratory itself is an efficient means for handling quality control/ quality assurance problems.
1,478 citations
Additional excerpts
...Analysis of BCR-2 gave 143Nd/144Nd = 0.512635F 4, 147Sm/144Nd = 0.1369, Nd = 29.10 ppm and Sm= 6.591ppm, which fall within uncertainty of the recommended values (143Nd/144Nd = 0.512647F 22, 2r; White and Patchett, 1984; Nd = 28.8 ppm; Sm= 6.59 ppm; Govindaraju, 1994) for BCR-1....
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