Pharmacodynamic monitoring of cyclosporine a in renal allograft recipients shows a quantitative relationship between immunosuppression and the occurrence of recurrent infections and malignancies.
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Cites background from "Pharmacodynamic monitoring of cyclo..."
...A recent study measured expression of nuclear factor of activated T cells–regulated genes and found a close relationship between the degree of gene suppression and the incidence of infections and malignancies (108)....
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Cites background from "Pharmacodynamic monitoring of cyclo..."
...Although interpatient variability is high, intraindividual variability is low in patients on stable CNI doses.(97) Establishment of this PD Brunet et al Ther Drug Monit Volume 38, Number 2S, April 2016...
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75 citations
Cites result from "Pharmacodynamic monitoring of cyclo..."
...Immunosuppressive drug levels commonly used to determine the net state of immunosuppression has yielded conflicting results (14, 15)....
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References
90 citations
"Pharmacodynamic monitoring of cyclo..." refers background or methods in this paper
...The NFAT-regulated genes IL-2, IFN- , and GM-CSF have been identified as suitable genes for this assay in our previous study (14, 15)....
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...Recently we described a reliable, precise, and robust whole blood assay based on the measurement of the expression of three NFAT-regulated genes (IL-2, interferon [IFN]- , and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor [GM-CSF]) in phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)/ionomycin stimulated lymphocytes before and 2 hr after CsA intake (14, 15)....
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...The assay is based of the quantitative analysis of IL-2, IFN- , and GM-CSF gene expression in PMA/ionomycin stimulated lymphocytes in whole blood samples of renal transplant recipients at CsA trough levels and two hr after oral uptake of CsA (14, 15)....
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72 citations
"Pharmacodynamic monitoring of cyclo..." refers background in this paper
...Several approaches have been undertaken to measure the biological consequences of CsA-based immunosuppression (10)....
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...In humans, peak CsA blood levels at one to two hours after oral CsA uptake resulted in a 70 to 96% inhibition of calcineurin, which was rapidly reversed when CsA blood levels came down to the trough levels (10, 11)....
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59 citations
"Pharmacodynamic monitoring of cyclo..." refers background in this paper
...For example, CsA trough levels poorly correlate with the frequency of acute rejection episodes (5)....
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56 citations
"Pharmacodynamic monitoring of cyclo..." refers methods in this paper
...described an assay based on differential gene expression kinetics in CD3/ CD28 stimulated lymphocytes (13)....
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54 citations
"Pharmacodynamic monitoring of cyclo..." refers background in this paper
...(17) that a lower calcineurin activity resulted in a higher rate of graft versus host disease in bone marrow recipients....
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