Journal ArticleDOI
Phase-Sensitive Detector Nonlinearity at the Signal Detection in the Presence of Noise
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TLDR
In this article, the essential nonlinearity characteristics of a phase-sensitive detector are studied theoretically, assuming that the input signal is a sine wave in the presence of additive narrow-band Gaussian noise.Abstract:
The essential nonlinearity characteristics of a phase-sensitive detector are studied theoretically, assuming that the input signal is a sine wave in the presence of additive narrow-band Gaussian noise. Three interesting cases of the nonlinearity of the phase-sensitive detector characteristics are analyzed by means of the expression which has been derived for the output signal-to-input noise ratio as a function of the input signal-to-noise ratio, the reference wave-to-noise ratio, and the phase angle between the input signal and reference wave. In the first case, the detector nonlinearity NA as a function of the input signal-to-noise ratio is determined. In the second and third cases, the detector nonlinearities NB and NC as a function of the phase angle between the input signal and the reference wave are obtained. The results are presented as closed-form analytical expressions. Several interesting cases are plotted as a function of the significant parameters. Besides being important in themselves, the results are of a general interest because they may be used to estimate essential nonlinearities in some other more complicated cases.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Conversion of an E-3 ESR spectrometer to 1 MHz field modulation.
TL;DR: Conversion of Varian E−3 spectrometer to 1−MHz magnetic field modulation is described, and the system has an overall response time jof approximately 2 μsec, and has senstivity comparable to the 100−kHz receiver under similar conditions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Essential Nonlinearity of Phase-Sensitive Detector Characteristics
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of essential nonlinearity of phase-sensitive detector characteristics is studied and determined theoretically in detail, assuming that the input signal is a sine wave in the presence of additive narrow-band Gaussian noise.
Journal ArticleDOI
Generalized Analysis of Phase-Sensitive Detection-Circuit Operating Characteristics at the Signal Detection in the Presence of Noise
TL;DR: A new generalized analysis is presented of operating characteristics of phase-sensitive detector circuits, assuming that the input signal and the reference wave are in the presence of independent, stationary, and additive Gaussian noise.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nonlinearity Minimums and Maximums of a Phase-Sensitive Detection System
TL;DR: Two generalized criteria for minimums and maximums of essential nonlinearity of a phase-sensitive detection system are presented.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Measurement of Thermal Radiation at Microwave Frequencies
R. H. Dicke,R. H. Dicke +1 more
TL;DR: The experimentally measured root mean square fluctuation of the output meter of a microwave radiometer compares favorably with a theoretical value of 0.4°C, which corresponds to a minimum detectable power of 10-16 watt.
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Statistical properties of a sine wave plus random noise
TL;DR: A number of statistical properties of such a current which consists of a sinusoidal component plus a random noise component are given here.
Journal ArticleDOI
Improved Electrical Differentiation of Retarding Potential Measurements
Lewis B. Leder,J. Arol Simpson +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, an improved system for obtaining differential spectra from retarding potential measurements by the superposition of a small ac signal on the retarding voltage has been developed, where the principal improvements are the choice of the point of injection of the modulation signal, the use of a low impedance preamplifier to improve the accuracy of the energy scale, and a synchronous detector to reduce the effect of noise.
Patent
Diode phase detector
TL;DR: In this paper, a new and improved circuit arrangement for the detection of phase difference between two signals of the same frequency was presented, which is suitable for use in frequency modulated wave demodulators.