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Journal ArticleDOI

Phd by thesis

01 Apr 1988-Nature (Nature Publishing Group)-Vol. 332, Iss: 6166, pp 676-676
TL;DR: In this paper, a sedimentological core and petrographic characterisation of samples from eleven boreholes from the Lower Carboniferous of Bowland Basin (Northwest England) is presented.
Abstract: Deposits of clastic carbonate-dominated (calciclastic) sedimentary slope systems in the rock record have been identified mostly as linearly-consistent carbonate apron deposits, even though most ancient clastic carbonate slope deposits fit the submarine fan systems better. Calciclastic submarine fans are consequently rarely described and are poorly understood. Subsequently, very little is known especially in mud-dominated calciclastic submarine fan systems. Presented in this study are a sedimentological core and petrographic characterisation of samples from eleven boreholes from the Lower Carboniferous of Bowland Basin (Northwest England) that reveals a >250 m thick calciturbidite complex deposited in a calciclastic submarine fan setting. Seven facies are recognised from core and thin section characterisation and are grouped into three carbonate turbidite sequences. They include: 1) Calciturbidites, comprising mostly of highto low-density, wavy-laminated bioclast-rich facies; 2) low-density densite mudstones which are characterised by planar laminated and unlaminated muddominated facies; and 3) Calcidebrites which are muddy or hyper-concentrated debrisflow deposits occurring as poorly-sorted, chaotic, mud-supported floatstones. These

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that an n -geometric stack may be regarded as a simplicial simplicial scheme, namely a Duskin n -hypergroupoid in affine schemes, where surjectivity is defined in terms of covering maps.

73 citations


Cites background or methods from "Phd by thesis"

  • ...In particular, this means that any functor satisfying the conditions of Lurie’s Representability Theorem ([Lur1] Theorem 7.1.6) gives rise to such a simplicial scheme....

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  • ...These are called quasi-coherent complexes in [Lur1] §5....

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  • ...When we take P to be the class of smooth morphisms, there are slight differences in terminology between [TV2] and [Lur1] in relation to higher stacks....

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  • ...An n-stack in the sense of [Lur1] is called n-truncated in [TV2], and it follows easily that every n-geometric stack in [TV2] is n-truncated....

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  • ...A better-known example of this type is given by Lurie’s n-stacks in [Lur1], where A is taken to be the category of algebraic spaces and C the category of smooth surjections....

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Dissertation
Philippe Augerat1
01 Jan 1995
TL;DR: Un algorithme permet de resoudre de nombreux problemes de the litterature dont certains n'avaient jamais ete resolus, avec des demandes quelconques et non de coupables.
Abstract: Cette these traite du probleme de tournees de vehicules Jusqu'a present, seules des methodes heuristiques ont ete utilisees en pratique Dans cette these, nous nous interessons a l'approche polyedrale du probleme de tournees, c'est-a-dire a une methode de resolution exacte du probleme, basee sur la representation polyedrale de l'enveloppe convexe des solutions realisables Plus precisement, nous presentons un algorithme de branchement et coupe pour resoudre le probleme classique de tournees, avec des demandes quelconques et non de coupables, des vehicules identiques localises en un meme depot Alors que deux ou trois articles de recherche ont deja etudie cette approche, l'originalite de notre travail reside dans trois aspects: i) la decouverte de nouvelles inegalites valides ; ii) des methodes de separation pour ces inegalites ; iii) un algorithme de branchement et coupe combinant l'utilisation de ces procedures et de strategies d'enumeration implicite originales Cet algorithme permet de resoudre de nombreux problemes de la litterature dont certains n'avaient jamais ete resolus

73 citations


Cites background from "Phd by thesis"

  • ...Laporte et Norbert [LN87], Cornuejols et Harche [CH93], Araque [Ara89] ont montr e que la validit e des contraintes connues pour le PVC etait conserv ee pour le PTV....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used a 1-m free-fall spherical combustion chamber to eliminate the effect of buoyancy, enabling accurate measurements of near-limit burning velocities and flammability limits.

73 citations


Cites background or methods from "Phd by thesis"

  • ...The details of the Discrete Transfer Method (DTM) are discussed in Ref....

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  • ...With gray gas assumption, for which a mean absorption coefficient is used over the entire wavelength spectrum, the opticallythin limit model can be simplified as [47]...

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  • ...Here, we employed two radiation models in the transient simulations using COSILAB: an optically-thin limit model and an optically-thick model based on the Discrete Transfer Method (DTM) [47], both in 1-...

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  • ...Here, we employed two radiation models in the transient simulations using COSILAB: an optically-thin limit model and an optically-thick model based on the Discrete Transfer Method (DTM) [47], both in 1-D spherical coordinates....

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  • ...Measured (symbols) and computed (lines) laminar burning velocities as a function of the mole fraction of carbon dioxide for premixed CH4/air/CO2 flames at / = 1.0 and NTP. Solid line: DTM method and a modified wide band model; dashed line: optically-thin limit model....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a scalar tensor model with a gravity screening mechanism is proposed to test the global power spectrum of the symmetron and it is shown that the power spectrum is only slightly modified when taking into account the inclusion of nonstatic terms.
Abstract: In the context of scalar tensor theories for gravity, there is a universally adopted hypothesis when running $N$-body simulations that time derivatives in the equation of motion for the scalar field are negligible. In this work we propose to test this assumption for one specific scalar-tensor model with a gravity screening mechanism: the symmetron. To this end, we implemented the necessary modifications to include the nonstatic terms in the $N$-body code Ramses. We present test cases and results from cosmological simulations. Our main finding when comparing static vs nonstatic simulations is that the global power spectrum is only slightly modified when taking into account the inclusion of nonstatic terms. On the contrary, we find that the calculation of the local power spectrum gives different measurements. Such results imply one must be careful when assuming the quasistatic approximation when investigating the environmental effects of modified gravity and screening mechanisms in structure formation of halos and voids distributions.

73 citations


Cites methods from "Phd by thesis"

  • ...The estimation of the power spectrum was made using a grid with 512 nodes per dimension and following the Fourier based techniques and corrections presented in Ref....

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  • ...In the nonlinear case, first N-body simulations including time derivatives in the equation of motion of the scalar field were presented in Ref....

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  • ...See Ref....

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  • ...See Ref.[34] for the application of the same scheme to the solution of the growth equation of linear density perturbations in the modified gravity case....

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  • ...We determine the importance of nonstatic effects by comparing results obtained with this new code with static simulations that were run using the static solver presented in Ref....

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Book
01 Jan 2002

73 citations


Cites background or methods from "Phd by thesis"

  • ...This idea is worked out in [Wet97] for bi-elliptic curves of genus 2 and applied to a curve of rank 2....

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  • ...In [Wet97] Wetherell already constructed a degree 4 unrami ed cover of genus 2 curves that are a degree 2 cover of an elliptic curve over the eld of de nition....

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References
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A new family of highly fluorescent indicators has been synthesized for biochemical studies of the physiological role of cytosolic free Ca2+ using an 8-coordinate tetracarboxylate chelating site with stilbene chromophores that offer up to 30-fold brighter fluorescence.

21,582 citations


"Phd by thesis" refers background in this paper

  • ...members of this group were produced by Tsien and colleagues [1, 10, 11]....

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  • ...The introduction of Ca 2+ -sensitive fluorescent dyes more than twenty years ago and their permanent improvement [10] enabled investigators to gain unprecedented insights into the mechanisms of cellular signalling....

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ReportDOI
01 Nov 1990
TL;DR: This report will establish methods for performing a domain analysis and describe the products of the domain analysis process to illustrate the application of domain analysis to a representative class of software systems.
Abstract: : Successful Software reuse requires the systematic discovery and exploitation of commonality across related software systems. By examining related software systems and the underlying theory of the class of systems they represent, domain analysis can provide a generic description of the requirements of that class of systems and a set of approaches for their implementation. This report will establish methods for performing a domain analysis and describe the products of the domain analysis process. To illustrate the application of domain analysis to a representative class of software systems, this report will provide a domain analysis of window management system software.

4,420 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The straw person model (SPM) as mentioned in this paper has been proposed to explain the orientation effects of active galactic nuclei (AGN) and quasars in the line of sight (LOS) images.
Abstract: Because the critical central regions of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) and quasars are strongly nonspherical but spatially unresolved, orientation effects have been the source of much confusion. In fact, it now appears that much of the variety in AGN types is just the result of varying orientation relative to the line of sight. We can define an extreme hypothesis,, the straw person model (SPM), in which there are two basic types of AGN: the radio quiets and the radio louds. For each type there is a range in intrinsic luminosity, and the luminosity controls some properties such as the Fanaroff and Riley classes. However, at a given intrinsic luminosity, all other properties such as spectroscopic classification and VLBI component speeds are ascribed to orientation. This model is only a caricature of the unification idea, and is already ruled out on many grounds, but it will be useful for organizing the discussion. I’ll describe what I consider to be convincing evidence that orientation effects are important and widespread. The true situation may be in some sense half way between the SPM and the hypothesis that orientation doesn’t affect classification at aIl. To us optimists, the orienration cup is half full rather than half empty. Although it is too soon to say for sure, the hypothesis that most objects’ classifications would be different if seen from other directions is a tenable one today.

4,005 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This Review assembles the current knowledge on the isolation of microfibrillated cellulose from wood and its application in nanocomposites; the preparation of nanocrystalline cellulose and its use as a reinforcing agent; and the biofabrication of bacterial nanocellulose, as well as its evaluation as a biomaterial for medical implants.
Abstract: Cellulose fibrils with widths in the nanometer range are nature-based materials with unique and potentially useful features. Most importantly, these novel nanocelluloses open up the strongly expanding fields of sustainable materials and nanocomposites, as well as medical and life-science devices, to the natural polymer cellulose. The nanodimensions of the structural elements result in a high surface area and hence the powerful interaction of these celluloses with surrounding species, such as water, organic and polymeric compounds, nanoparticles, and living cells. This Review assembles the current knowledge on the isolation of microfibrillated cellulose from wood and its application in nanocomposites; the preparation of nanocrystalline cellulose and its use as a reinforcing agent; and the biofabrication of bacterial nanocellulose, as well as its evaluation as a biomaterial for medical implants.

3,452 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) is a protecting layer formed on the negative electrode of Li-ion batteries as a result of electrolyte decomposition, mainly during the first cycle as discussed by the authors.

2,386 citations