Phd by thesis
TL;DR: In this paper, a sedimentological core and petrographic characterisation of samples from eleven boreholes from the Lower Carboniferous of Bowland Basin (Northwest England) is presented.
Abstract: Deposits of clastic carbonate-dominated (calciclastic) sedimentary slope systems in the rock record have been identified mostly as linearly-consistent carbonate apron deposits, even though most ancient clastic carbonate slope deposits fit the submarine fan systems better. Calciclastic submarine fans are consequently rarely described and are poorly understood. Subsequently, very little is known especially in mud-dominated calciclastic submarine fan systems. Presented in this study are a sedimentological core and petrographic characterisation of samples from eleven boreholes from the Lower Carboniferous of Bowland Basin (Northwest England) that reveals a >250 m thick calciturbidite complex deposited in a calciclastic submarine fan setting. Seven facies are recognised from core and thin section characterisation and are grouped into three carbonate turbidite sequences. They include: 1) Calciturbidites, comprising mostly of highto low-density, wavy-laminated bioclast-rich facies; 2) low-density densite mudstones which are characterised by planar laminated and unlaminated muddominated facies; and 3) Calcidebrites which are muddy or hyper-concentrated debrisflow deposits occurring as poorly-sorted, chaotic, mud-supported floatstones. These
Citations
More filters
TL;DR: The well-known symmetric rank-one trust-region method is generalized to the problem of minimizing a real-valued function over a Riemannian manifold and is shown to converge globally and $$d+1$$d-step q-superlinearly to stationary points of the objective function.
Abstract: The well-known symmetric rank-one trust-region method--where the Hessian approximation is generated by the symmetric rank-one update--is generalized to the problem of minimizing a real-valued function over a $$d$$ d -dimensional Riemannian manifold. The generalization relies on basic differential-geometric concepts, such as tangent spaces, Riemannian metrics, and the Riemannian gradient, as well as on the more recent notions of (first-order) retraction and vector transport. The new method, called RTR-SR1, is shown to converge globally and $$d+1$$ d + 1 -step q-superlinearly to stationary points of the objective function. A limited-memory version, referred to as LRTR-SR1, is also introduced. In this context, novel efficient strategies are presented to construct a vector transport on a submanifold of a Euclidean space. Numerical experiments--Rayleigh quotient minimization on the sphere and a joint diagonalization problem on the Stiefel manifold--illustrate the value of the new methods.
67 citations
Cites background from "Phd by thesis"
...Most recently, Huang [Hua13] developed a complete convergence theory that avoids the restrictions of Qi, Ring and Wirth, guarantees superlinear convergence for the Riemannian Broyden family of quasi-Newton methods (including a version of SR1), and facilitates efficient implementation....
[...]
CERN1, Max Planck Society2, University of Oslo3, Lancaster University4, Cockcroft Institute5, TRIUMF6, Technische Universität München7, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology8, University of Düsseldorf9, University of Liverpool10, ISCTE – University Institute of Lisbon11, Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics12, Novosibirsk State University13, University of Manchester14, University of Oxford15, University of Marburg16, Imperial College London17, Instituto Superior Técnico18, University of Graz19
TL;DR: In this paper, the seeded self-modulation of the 400 GeV proton bunch in the 10 m long rubidium plasma with density adjustable from 1 to $10\times {10}^{14}$ cm−3.
Abstract: AWAKE is a proton-driven plasma wakefield acceleration experiment. We show that the experimental setup briefly described here is ready for systematic study of the seeded self-modulation of the 400 GeV proton bunch in the 10 m long rubidium plasma with density adjustable from 1 to $10\times {10}^{14}$ cm−3. We show that the short laser pulse used for ionization of the rubidium vapor propagates all the way along the column, suggesting full ionization of the vapor. We show that ionization occurs along the proton bunch, at the laser time and that the plasma that follows affects the proton bunch.
67 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors renormalize the Gross-Neveu model in the modified minimal subtraction scheme at four loops and determine the $\ensuremath{\beta}$ function at this order.
Abstract: We renormalize the $SU(N)$ Gross-Neveu model in the modified minimal subtraction scheme at four loops and determine the $\ensuremath{\beta}$ function at this order. The theory ceases to be multiplicatively renormalizable when dimensionally regularized due to the generation of evanescent 4-Fermi operators. The first of these appears at three loops and we correctly take their effect into account in deriving the renormalization group functions. We use the results to provide estimates of critical exponents relevant to phase transitions in graphene.
67 citations
Cites methods from "Phd by thesis"
...In repeating this exercise here at four loops for two dimensions, using algorithms developed in [44] as well as [45], we are providing the equivalent machinery which can be applied to parallel renormalization calculations in two dimensions....
[...]
...The first stage in determining the integrals we require is their ǫ expansion in high precision numerical form, which we obtain using algorithms developed in [44]....
[...]
TL;DR: A general lower bound on the minimum-error probability for ambiguous discrimination between arbitrary $m$ mixed quantum states with given prior probabilities is derived, which is precisely the well-known Helstrom limit.
Abstract: We derive a general lower bound on the minimum-error probability for ambiguous discrimination between arbitrary $m$ mixed quantum states with given prior probabilities. When $m=2$, this bound is precisely the well-known Helstrom limit. Also, we give a general lower bound on the minimum-error probability for discriminating quantum operations. Then we further analyze how this lower bound is attainable for ambiguous discrimination of mixed quantum states by presenting necessary and sufficient conditions related to it. Furthermore, with a restricted condition, we work out an upper bound on the minimum-error probability for ambiguous discrimination of mixed quantum states. Therefore, some sufficient conditions are obtained for the minimum-error probability attaining this bound. Finally, under the condition of the minimum-error probability attaining this bound, we compare the minimum-error probability for ambiguously discriminating arbitrary $m$ mixed quantum states with the optimal failure probability for unambiguously discriminating the same states.
67 citations
Additional excerpts
...(62) In terms of [40,42,43], by choosing an appropriate orthonormal base {|l(ij)〉} as the eigenvectors of positive semidefinite operator ρ −1/2 j (ρ 1/2 j ρiρ 1/2 j )ρ −1/2 j , then F (ρi, ρj) = ∑...
[...]
TL;DR: In this article, the authors apply the Dwyer-Kan theory of homotopy function complexes in model categories to the study of mapping spaces in quasi-categories and give a streamlined proof of the Quillen equivalence between simplicial categories.
Abstract: We apply the Dwyer-Kan theory of homotopy function complexes in model categories to the study of mapping spaces in quasi-categories. Using this, together with our work on rigidification from [DS1], we give a streamlined proof of the Quillen equivalence between quasi-categories and simplicial categories. Some useful material about relative mapping spaces in quasi-categories is developed along the way.
67 citations
Cites background or methods from "Phd by thesis"
...Given such a cosimplicial resolution and an object Z ∈M, we may form the simplicial set M(Q•, Z) given by [n] 7→M(Qn, Z)....
[...]
...(4) It can dually be obtained as the simplicial set [n] 7→ M(X̃, RnY) where X̃ → X is a cofibrant replacement and Y → R•Y is a simplicial resolution of Y ....
[...]
...This is none other than the overcategory (S ↓ K), where S : → sSet is the functor [n] 7→ ∆n ....
[...]
...There is a functor M(QX•, Y)→M(Wfib)−1(X, Y) sending ([n], QXn → Y) to [X ∼ − QXn −→ Y]....
[...]
...Applying the functor E gives a cosimplicial object [n] 7→ En = N(EG([n])) in sSetJ ....
[...]
References
More filters
TL;DR: A new family of highly fluorescent indicators has been synthesized for biochemical studies of the physiological role of cytosolic free Ca2+ using an 8-coordinate tetracarboxylate chelating site with stilbene chromophores that offer up to 30-fold brighter fluorescence.
21,582 citations
"Phd by thesis" refers background in this paper
...members of this group were produced by Tsien and colleagues [1, 10, 11]....
[...]
...The introduction of Ca 2+ -sensitive fluorescent dyes more than twenty years ago and their permanent improvement [10] enabled investigators to gain unprecedented insights into the mechanisms of cellular signalling....
[...]
01 Nov 1990
TL;DR: This report will establish methods for performing a domain analysis and describe the products of the domain analysis process to illustrate the application of domain analysis to a representative class of software systems.
Abstract: : Successful Software reuse requires the systematic discovery and exploitation of commonality across related software systems. By examining related software systems and the underlying theory of the class of systems they represent, domain analysis can provide a generic description of the requirements of that class of systems and a set of approaches for their implementation. This report will establish methods for performing a domain analysis and describe the products of the domain analysis process. To illustrate the application of domain analysis to a representative class of software systems, this report will provide a domain analysis of window management system software.
4,420 citations
TL;DR: The straw person model (SPM) as mentioned in this paper has been proposed to explain the orientation effects of active galactic nuclei (AGN) and quasars in the line of sight (LOS) images.
Abstract: Because the critical central regions of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) and quasars are strongly nonspherical but spatially unresolved, orientation effects have been the source of much confusion. In fact, it now appears that much of the variety in AGN types is just the result of varying orientation relative to the line of sight. We can define an extreme hypothesis,, the straw person model (SPM), in which there are two basic types of AGN: the radio quiets and the radio louds. For each type there is a range in intrinsic luminosity, and the luminosity controls some properties such as the Fanaroff and Riley classes. However, at a given intrinsic luminosity, all other properties such as spectroscopic classification and VLBI component speeds are ascribed to orientation. This model is only a caricature of the unification idea, and is already ruled out on many grounds, but it will be useful for organizing the discussion. I’ll describe what I consider to be convincing evidence that orientation effects are important and widespread. The true situation may be in some sense half way between the SPM and the hypothesis that orientation doesn’t affect classification at aIl. To us optimists, the orienration cup is half full rather than half empty. Although it is too soon to say for sure, the hypothesis that most objects’ classifications would be different if seen from other directions is a tenable one today.
4,005 citations
TL;DR: This Review assembles the current knowledge on the isolation of microfibrillated cellulose from wood and its application in nanocomposites; the preparation of nanocrystalline cellulose and its use as a reinforcing agent; and the biofabrication of bacterial nanocellulose, as well as its evaluation as a biomaterial for medical implants.
Abstract: Cellulose fibrils with widths in the nanometer range are nature-based materials with unique and potentially useful features. Most importantly, these novel nanocelluloses open up the strongly expanding fields of sustainable materials and nanocomposites, as well as medical and life-science devices, to the natural polymer cellulose. The nanodimensions of the structural elements result in a high surface area and hence the powerful interaction of these celluloses with surrounding species, such as water, organic and polymeric compounds, nanoparticles, and living cells. This Review assembles the current knowledge on the isolation of microfibrillated cellulose from wood and its application in nanocomposites; the preparation of nanocrystalline cellulose and its use as a reinforcing agent; and the biofabrication of bacterial nanocellulose, as well as its evaluation as a biomaterial for medical implants.
3,452 citations
TL;DR: The solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) is a protecting layer formed on the negative electrode of Li-ion batteries as a result of electrolyte decomposition, mainly during the first cycle as discussed by the authors.
2,386 citations