Phd by thesis

doi:10.1038/332676B0

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Journal Article•DOI•

Phd by thesis

Richard Lathe¹•Institutions (1)

French Institute of Health and Medical Research¹

01 Apr 1988-Nature (Nature Publishing Group)-Vol. 332, Iss: 6166, pp 676-676

TL;DR: In this paper, a sedimentological core and petrographic characterisation of samples from eleven boreholes from the Lower Carboniferous of Bowland Basin (Northwest England) is presented.

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Abstract: Deposits of clastic carbonate-dominated (calciclastic) sedimentary slope systems in the rock record have been identified mostly as linearly-consistent carbonate apron deposits, even though most ancient clastic carbonate slope deposits fit the submarine fan systems better. Calciclastic submarine fans are consequently rarely described and are poorly understood. Subsequently, very little is known especially in mud-dominated calciclastic submarine fan systems. Presented in this study are a sedimentological core and petrographic characterisation of samples from eleven boreholes from the Lower Carboniferous of Bowland Basin (Northwest England) that reveals a >250 m thick calciturbidite complex deposited in a calciclastic submarine fan setting. Seven facies are recognised from core and thin section characterisation and are grouped into three carbonate turbidite sequences. They include: 1) Calciturbidites, comprising mostly of highto low-density, wavy-laminated bioclast-rich facies; 2) low-density densite mudstones which are characterised by planar laminated and unlaminated muddominated facies; and 3) Calcidebrites which are muddy or hyper-concentrated debrisflow deposits occurring as poorly-sorted, chaotic, mud-supported floatstones. These

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Proceedings Article•

A resolution method for temporal logic

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Michael Fisher¹•Institutions (1)

University of Manchester¹

24 Aug 1991

TL;DR: The resolution method is based on classical resolution, but incorporates a temporal resolution rule that can be implemented efficiently using a graph-theoretic approach.

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Abstract: In this paper, a resolution method for propositional temporal logic is presented. Temporal formulae, incorporating both past-time and future-time temporal operators, are converted to Separated Normal Form (SNF), then both non-temporal and temporal resolution rules are applied. The resolution method is based on classical resolution, but incorporates a temporal resolution rule that can be implemented efficiently using a graph-theoretic approach.

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161 citations

Cites methods from "Phd by thesis"

...Though the proof of this theorem is relatively straightforward, it does require the use of quantified propositional temporal logic [Wolper, 1982] as it must be shown that a formula in which a new proposition has been introduced is unsatisfiable if, and only if, the original formula is unsatisfiable....
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...This is, effectively, the same process used in QPTL [Wolper, 1982] to represent fixpoint operations using quantifiers [Banieqbal and Barringer, 1987], but, because of the finite nature of the past, only one type of fixpoint is used....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Enantioselective, organocatalyzed, intramolecular aldol lactonizations with keto acids leading to bi- and tricyclic β-lactones and topology-morphing transformations.

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Carolyn A. Leverett¹, Vikram C. Purohit¹, Daniel Romo¹•Institutions (1)

Texas A&M University¹

03 Dec 2010-Angewandte Chemie

TL;DR: An advance in the asymmetric, nucleophile-catalyzed aldol lactonization process with keto acid substrates is described.

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Abstract: An advance in the asymmetric, nucleophile-catalyzed aldol lactonization process with keto acid substrates is described.

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161 citations

Cites background from "Phd by thesis"

...Other related catalysts, such as benzotetramisole ((S)-BTM, 5)([7]) or (S,R)-Napth/Me-HBTM (7),([10]) led to lower yields and enantioselectivities compared to (S)-HBTM (Table 1, entries 6 and 8)....
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...1998, 120, 3104; b) See also reference [10]....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Ordered Meso- and Macroporous Binary and Mixed Metal Oxides

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Moises A. Carreon¹, Moises A. Carreon², Vadim V. Guliants¹•Institutions (2)

University of Cincinnati¹, University of Toronto²

01 Jan 2005-European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry

TL;DR: A critical review of the principles guiding the synthesis of meso-and macroporous metal oxides on multiple length scales in the presence of surfactant mesophases and colloidal arrays of monodisperse spheres is provided in this paper.

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Abstract: A critical review is provided of the principles guiding the synthesis of meso- and macroporous metal oxides on multiple length scales in the presence of surfactant mesophases and colloidal arrays of monodisperse spheres, and correlations between the synthesis conditions and the properties of the resulting meso- and macroporous oxides, such as thermal stability, pore structure, elemental and nanophase compositions of the inorganic wall, etc. The thermal stability of mesostructured metal-oxide phases, in particular, is discussed in terms of charge-matching at the organic–inorganic interface, the strength of interactions between inorganic species and surfactant headgroups, the flexibility of the M–O–M bond angles in the constituent metal oxides, the Tammann temperature of the metal oxide, and the occurrence of redox reactions in the metal-oxide wall. The ordered meso- and

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161 citations

Cites background or methods from "Phd by thesis"

...The recently reported macroporous VPO represents the first example of a macroporous transition mixed-metal oxide employed in the selective oxidation of lower alkanes.[173] The catalytic performance of this VPO phase was evaluated in the partial oxidation of n-butane to maleic anhydride....
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...SEM image of an ordered array of ~400 nm polystyrene spheres.[173]...
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...The observed yield of maleic anhydride was greater than 50 % for macroporous VPO....
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...The observed yield of maleic anhydride was greater than 50 % for macroporous VPO.[173] Under similar reaction conditions, the yield of maleic anhydride was about 40 % for the conventional organic VPO catalyst....
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...The walls consist of ~20 nm (VO)2P2O7 crystals (modified from ref.[173])....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Color superfluidity and "baryon" formation in ultracold fermions.

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Ákos Rapp¹, Gergely Zaránd¹, Carsten Honerkamp², Walter Hofstetter³•Institutions (3)

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology¹, University of Würzburg², Goethe University Frankfurt³

18 Apr 2007-Physical Review Letters

TL;DR: The results demonstrate that quantum simulations with ultracold gases may shed light on outstanding problems in quantum field theory and demonstrate the analogies of the color superconducting and baryonic phases in QCD.

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Abstract: We study fermionic atoms of three different internal quantum states (colors) in an optical lattice, which are interacting through attractive on site interactions, $Ul0$. Using a variational calculation for equal color densities and small couplings, $|U|l|{U}_{C}|$, a color superfluid state emerges with a tendency to domain formation. For $|U|g|{U}_{C}|$, triplets of atoms with different colors form singlet fermions (trions). These phases are the analogies of the color superconducting and baryonic phases in QCD. In ultracold fermions, this transition is found to be of second order. Our results demonstrate that quantum simulations with ultracold gases may shed light on outstanding problems in quantum field theory.

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160 citations

Cites background from "Phd by thesis"

...For fermionic atoms, coexistence of 3 different hyperfine states of (40)K in an optical trap has been demonstrated [13]....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Low- and high-frequency noise from coherent two-level systems.

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Alexander Shnirman¹, Gerd Schön¹, Ivar Martin², Yuriy Makhlin³•Institutions (3)

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology¹, Los Alamos National Laboratory², Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics³

01 Apr 2005-Physical Review Letters

TL;DR: It is shown that a distribution, natural for tunneling TLS's, with a log-uniform distribution in the tunnel splitting and linear distribution inThe bias, accounts for experimental observations.

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Abstract: Recent experiments indicate a connection between the low- and high-frequency noises affecting superconducting quantum systems. We explore the possibilities that both noises can be produced by one ensemble of microscopic modes, made up, e.g., by sufficiently coherent two-level systems (TLS's). This implies a relation between the noise power in different frequency domains, which depends on the distribution of the parameters of the TLS's. We show that a distribution, natural for tunneling TLS's, with a log-uniform distribution in the tunnel splitting and linear distribution in the bias, accounts for experimental observations.

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160 citations

Cites result from "Phd by thesis"

...This is also compatible with the T 2 dependence of the low-frequency part, observed earlier for the 1/f noise in Josephson devices [3, 4]....
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...Importantly, this distribution P (ε, ∆) ∝ ε/∆ leads at the same time to the T 2 ln(T/∆min) behavior of the lowfrequency weight (9), consistent with experimental observations [3, 4, 5, 6]....
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References

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Journal Article•DOI•

A new generation of Ca2+ indicators with greatly improved fluorescence properties.

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G. Grynkiewicz¹, Martin Poenie, Roger Y. Tsien¹•Institutions (1)

University of California, Berkeley¹

25 Mar 1985-Journal of Biological Chemistry

TL;DR: A new family of highly fluorescent indicators has been synthesized for biochemical studies of the physiological role of cytosolic free Ca2+ using an 8-coordinate tetracarboxylate chelating site with stilbene chromophores that offer up to 30-fold brighter fluorescence.

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21,582 citations

"Phd by thesis" refers background in this paper

...members of this group were produced by Tsien and colleagues [1, 10, 11]....
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...The introduction of Ca 2+ -sensitive fluorescent dyes more than twenty years ago and their permanent improvement [10] enabled investigators to gain unprecedented insights into the mechanisms of cellular signalling....
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Report•DOI•

Feature-Oriented Domain Analysis (FODA) Feasibility Study

[...]

Kyo C. Kang, Sholom Cohen, James A. Hess, William E. Novak, A. S. Peterson - Show less +1 more

01 Nov 1990

TL;DR: This report will establish methods for performing a domain analysis and describe the products of the domain analysis process to illustrate the application of domain analysis to a representative class of software systems.

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Abstract: : Successful Software reuse requires the systematic discovery and exploitation of commonality across related software systems. By examining related software systems and the underlying theory of the class of systems they represent, domain analysis can provide a generic description of the requirements of that class of systems and a set of approaches for their implementation. This report will establish methods for performing a domain analysis and describe the products of the domain analysis process. To illustrate the application of domain analysis to a representative class of software systems, this report will provide a domain analysis of window management system software.

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4,420 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Unified models for active galactic nuclei and quasars

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Robert Antonucci

01 Jan 1993-Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics

TL;DR: The straw person model (SPM) as mentioned in this paper has been proposed to explain the orientation effects of active galactic nuclei (AGN) and quasars in the line of sight (LOS) images.

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Abstract: Because the critical central regions of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) and quasars are strongly nonspherical but spatially unresolved, orientation effects have been the source of much confusion. In fact, it now appears that much of the variety in AGN types is just the result of varying orientation relative to the line of sight. We can define an extreme hypothesis,, the straw person model (SPM), in which there are two basic types of AGN: the radio quiets and the radio louds. For each type there is a range in intrinsic luminosity, and the luminosity controls some properties such as the Fanaroff and Riley classes. However, at a given intrinsic luminosity, all other properties such as spectroscopic classification and VLBI component speeds are ascribed to orientation. This model is only a caricature of the unification idea, and is already ruled out on many grounds, but it will be useful for organizing the discussion. I’ll describe what I consider to be convincing evidence that orientation effects are important and widespread. The true situation may be in some sense half way between the SPM and the hypothesis that orientation doesn’t affect classification at aIl. To us optimists, the orienration cup is half full rather than half empty. Although it is too soon to say for sure, the hypothesis that most objects’ classifications would be different if seen from other directions is a tenable one today.

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4,005 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Nanocelluloses: A New Family of Nature-Based Materials

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D. Klemm, Friederike Kramer, Sebastian Moritz, Tom Lindström, Mikael Ankerfors, Derek G. Gray¹, Annie Dorris¹ - Show less +3 more•Institutions (1)

McGill University¹

06 Jun 2011-Angewandte Chemie

TL;DR: This Review assembles the current knowledge on the isolation of microfibrillated cellulose from wood and its application in nanocomposites; the preparation of nanocrystalline cellulose and its use as a reinforcing agent; and the biofabrication of bacterial nanocellulose, as well as its evaluation as a biomaterial for medical implants.

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Abstract: Cellulose fibrils with widths in the nanometer range are nature-based materials with unique and potentially useful features. Most importantly, these novel nanocelluloses open up the strongly expanding fields of sustainable materials and nanocomposites, as well as medical and life-science devices, to the natural polymer cellulose. The nanodimensions of the structural elements result in a high surface area and hence the powerful interaction of these celluloses with surrounding species, such as water, organic and polymeric compounds, nanoparticles, and living cells. This Review assembles the current knowledge on the isolation of microfibrillated cellulose from wood and its application in nanocomposites; the preparation of nanocrystalline cellulose and its use as a reinforcing agent; and the biofabrication of bacterial nanocellulose, as well as its evaluation as a biomaterial for medical implants.

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3,452 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

A review of the features and analyses of the solid electrolyte interphase in Li-ion batteries

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Pallavi Verma¹, Pascal Maire¹, Petr Novák¹•Institutions (1)

Paul Scherrer Institute¹

01 Sep 2010-Electrochimica Acta

TL;DR: The solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) is a protecting layer formed on the negative electrode of Li-ion batteries as a result of electrolyte decomposition, mainly during the first cycle as discussed by the authors.

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2,386 citations