Phd by thesis
TL;DR: In this paper, a sedimentological core and petrographic characterisation of samples from eleven boreholes from the Lower Carboniferous of Bowland Basin (Northwest England) is presented.
Abstract: Deposits of clastic carbonate-dominated (calciclastic) sedimentary slope systems in the rock record have been identified mostly as linearly-consistent carbonate apron deposits, even though most ancient clastic carbonate slope deposits fit the submarine fan systems better. Calciclastic submarine fans are consequently rarely described and are poorly understood. Subsequently, very little is known especially in mud-dominated calciclastic submarine fan systems. Presented in this study are a sedimentological core and petrographic characterisation of samples from eleven boreholes from the Lower Carboniferous of Bowland Basin (Northwest England) that reveals a >250 m thick calciturbidite complex deposited in a calciclastic submarine fan setting. Seven facies are recognised from core and thin section characterisation and are grouped into three carbonate turbidite sequences. They include: 1) Calciturbidites, comprising mostly of highto low-density, wavy-laminated bioclast-rich facies; 2) low-density densite mudstones which are characterised by planar laminated and unlaminated muddominated facies; and 3) Calcidebrites which are muddy or hyper-concentrated debrisflow deposits occurring as poorly-sorted, chaotic, mud-supported floatstones. These
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TL;DR: Some basic notions from combinatorial topology are applied to establish various algebraic properties of edge ideals of graphs and more general Stanley-Reisner rings.
Abstract: We apply some basic notions from combinatorial topology to establish various algebraic properties of edge ideals of graphs and more general Stanley-Reisner rings. In this way we provide new short p ...
141 citations
Cites background or result from "Phd by thesis"
...The following also generalize results from [21] and [22]....
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...If G is a cycle or a complete graph then this follows directly from homology results of [24], and is also calculated in [21]....
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...5 is a generalization of the main result of Jacques from [22], and also many of the results of Jacques and Katzman from [21]....
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TL;DR: In this article, a review of the state-of-the-art results for low-lying nucleon resonances can be found, focusing on experiments aiming at precise studies of the low lying nucleon resonance.
140 citations
Cites methods or result from "Phd by thesis"
...The total cross section agrees better [281, 89] with the result from the Oset model [291] in spite of a systematic discrepancy between the DAPHNE and TAPS data....
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...The pπo final channel has been investigated at MAMI using two different detection systems, the DAPHNE-detector [106, 107] as well as the TAPS-detector [89, 107]....
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...This second analysis also included more recent Mainz data for the differential cross sections of the πp final state [88, 89], data from Bonn for the target asymmetry [90, 128, 129], and differential cross sections for π− photoproduction off the neutron [130, 131]....
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...The pπ final channel has been investigated at MAMI using two different detection systems, the DAPHNE-detector [106, 107] as well as the TAPS-detector [89, 107]....
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...Data are from [201] (total absorption), [201, 90] (γp → πn), [89] (γp → πp), [281, 282] (double pion production), and [205] (γp → ηp)....
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors review some of the recent progress in the simulation of liquid crystals across a range of length and time scales, pointing to improvements in force fields made recently and discussing the progress towards accurate prediction of material properties.
Abstract: This article reviews some of the recent progress in the simulation of liquid crystals across a range of length and time scales. Simulators now have an extensive range of models at their disposal, ranging from fully atomistic studies where each atom is represented in a simulation, via hard or soft anisotropic potentials, to lattice models and director-based simulation methods. Each of these provide access to different phenomena. The progress towards accurate atomistic modelling of nematics is discussed in detail, pointing to improvements in force fields made recently and discussing the progress towards accurate prediction of material properties. Three material properties are discussed in detail: elastic constants, rotational viscosity and helical twisting powers. The simulation methods that can be employed to extract such properties are reviewed and the insights provided by recent results from atomistic and coarse-grained models are discussed. The article points also to the recent success of coarse-grained...
140 citations
Cites background or methods from "Phd by thesis"
...Drawn from simulation results of a coarse grained model in reference [171, 172]....
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...In preliminary results from this model [171], increasing density leads to microphase separation into liquid crystal domains, which reorganize to form a smectic layer morphology with the core of the dendrimer sandwiched in the centre of the smectic layer (figure 17)....
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TL;DR: In this article, a review of recent advances in vortex imaging made with scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy (STM/S) is presented, which reveals the influence of the Fermi surface distribution of the superconducting gap on the internal structure of vortices, the collective behavior of the lattice in different materials and conditions, and the observation of vortex lattice melting.
Abstract: The observation of vortices in superconductors was a major breakthrough in developing the conceptual background for superconducting applications. Each vortex carries a flux quantum, and the magnetic field decreases radially from the center. Techniques used to make magnetic field maps, such as magnetic decoration, give vortex lattice images in a variety of systems. However, strong type II superconductors allow penetration of the magnetic field over large distances, of the order of the magnetic penetration depth λ. Superconductivity survives up to magnetic fields where, for imaging purposes, there is no magnetic contrast at all. Static and dynamic properties of vortices are largely unknown at such high magnetic fields. Reciprocal space studies using neutron scattering have been employed to obtain insight into the collective behavior. But the microscopic details of vortex arrangements and their motion remain difficult to obtain. Direct real-space visualization can be made using scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy (STM/S). Instead of using magnetic contrast, the electronic density of states describes spatial variations of the quasiparticle and pair wavefunction properties. These are of the order of the superconducting coherence length ξ, which is much smaller than λ. In principle, individual vortices can be imaged using STM up to the upper critical field where vortex cores, of size ξ, overlap. In this review, we describe recent advances in vortex imaging made with scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy. We introduce the technique and discuss vortex images that reveal the influence of the Fermi surface distribution of the superconducting gap on the internal structure of vortices, the collective behavior of the lattice in different materials and conditions, and the observation of vortex lattice melting. We consider challenging lines of work, which include imaging vortices in nanostructures, multiband and heavy fermion superconductors, single layers and van der Waals crystals, studying current-driven dynamics and the liquid vortex phases.
140 citations
TL;DR: Property-based testing assures that a given program is free of specified generic flaws, and uses property specifications and a data-flow analysis of the program to guide evaluation of test executions for correctness and completeness.
Abstract: The goal of software testing analysis is to validate that an implementation satisfies its specifications. Many errors in software are caused by generalizable flaws in the source code. Property-based testing assures that a given program is free of specified generic flaws. Property-based testing uses property specifications and a data-flow analysis of the program to guide evaluation of test executions for correctness and completeness.
140 citations
References
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TL;DR: A new family of highly fluorescent indicators has been synthesized for biochemical studies of the physiological role of cytosolic free Ca2+ using an 8-coordinate tetracarboxylate chelating site with stilbene chromophores that offer up to 30-fold brighter fluorescence.
21,582 citations
"Phd by thesis" refers background in this paper
...members of this group were produced by Tsien and colleagues [1, 10, 11]....
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...The introduction of Ca 2+ -sensitive fluorescent dyes more than twenty years ago and their permanent improvement [10] enabled investigators to gain unprecedented insights into the mechanisms of cellular signalling....
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01 Nov 1990
TL;DR: This report will establish methods for performing a domain analysis and describe the products of the domain analysis process to illustrate the application of domain analysis to a representative class of software systems.
Abstract: : Successful Software reuse requires the systematic discovery and exploitation of commonality across related software systems. By examining related software systems and the underlying theory of the class of systems they represent, domain analysis can provide a generic description of the requirements of that class of systems and a set of approaches for their implementation. This report will establish methods for performing a domain analysis and describe the products of the domain analysis process. To illustrate the application of domain analysis to a representative class of software systems, this report will provide a domain analysis of window management system software.
4,420 citations
TL;DR: The straw person model (SPM) as mentioned in this paper has been proposed to explain the orientation effects of active galactic nuclei (AGN) and quasars in the line of sight (LOS) images.
Abstract: Because the critical central regions of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) and quasars are strongly nonspherical but spatially unresolved, orientation effects have been the source of much confusion. In fact, it now appears that much of the variety in AGN types is just the result of varying orientation relative to the line of sight. We can define an extreme hypothesis,, the straw person model (SPM), in which there are two basic types of AGN: the radio quiets and the radio louds. For each type there is a range in intrinsic luminosity, and the luminosity controls some properties such as the Fanaroff and Riley classes. However, at a given intrinsic luminosity, all other properties such as spectroscopic classification and VLBI component speeds are ascribed to orientation. This model is only a caricature of the unification idea, and is already ruled out on many grounds, but it will be useful for organizing the discussion. I’ll describe what I consider to be convincing evidence that orientation effects are important and widespread. The true situation may be in some sense half way between the SPM and the hypothesis that orientation doesn’t affect classification at aIl. To us optimists, the orienration cup is half full rather than half empty. Although it is too soon to say for sure, the hypothesis that most objects’ classifications would be different if seen from other directions is a tenable one today.
4,005 citations
TL;DR: This Review assembles the current knowledge on the isolation of microfibrillated cellulose from wood and its application in nanocomposites; the preparation of nanocrystalline cellulose and its use as a reinforcing agent; and the biofabrication of bacterial nanocellulose, as well as its evaluation as a biomaterial for medical implants.
Abstract: Cellulose fibrils with widths in the nanometer range are nature-based materials with unique and potentially useful features. Most importantly, these novel nanocelluloses open up the strongly expanding fields of sustainable materials and nanocomposites, as well as medical and life-science devices, to the natural polymer cellulose. The nanodimensions of the structural elements result in a high surface area and hence the powerful interaction of these celluloses with surrounding species, such as water, organic and polymeric compounds, nanoparticles, and living cells. This Review assembles the current knowledge on the isolation of microfibrillated cellulose from wood and its application in nanocomposites; the preparation of nanocrystalline cellulose and its use as a reinforcing agent; and the biofabrication of bacterial nanocellulose, as well as its evaluation as a biomaterial for medical implants.
3,452 citations
TL;DR: The solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) is a protecting layer formed on the negative electrode of Li-ion batteries as a result of electrolyte decomposition, mainly during the first cycle as discussed by the authors.
2,386 citations