Phenotypic transitions of macrophages orchestrate tissue repair.
Margaret L. Novak,Timothy J. Koh +1 more
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
This review will address current knowledge of the origins and functions of macrophages during the progression of tissue repair, with emphasis on skin and skeletal muscle.Abstract:
Macrophages are essential for the efficient healing of numerous tissues, and they contribute to impaired healing and fibrosis. Tissue repair proceeds through overlapping phases of inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling, and macrophages are present throughout this progression. Macrophages exhibit transitions in phenotype and function as tissue repair progresses, although the precise factors regulating these transitions remain poorly defined. In efficiently healing injuries, macrophages present during a given stage of repair appear to orchestrate transition into the next phase and, in turn, can promote debridement of the injury site, cell proliferation and angiogenesis, collagen deposition, and matrix remodeling. However, dysregulated macrophage function can contribute to failure to heal or fibrosis in several pathological situations. This review will address current knowledge of the origins and functions of macrophages during the progression of tissue repair, with emphasis on skin and skeletal muscle. Dysregulation of macrophages in disease states and therapies targeting macrophage activation to promote tissue repair are also discussed.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
From Monocytes to M1/M2 Macrophages: Phenotypical vs. Functional Differentiation
Paola Italiani,Diana Boraschi +1 more
TL;DR: This review will address some of the important questions under the general framework of the role of monocytes and macrophages in the initiation, development, resolution, and chronicization of inflammation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Macrophage activation and its role in repair and pathology after spinal cord injury.
John C. Gensel,Bei Zhang +1 more
TL;DR: This review compares and contrast the healing and inflammatory responses between spinal cord injuries and tissues that undergo complete wound resolution and identifies key macrophage phenotypes that are inaptly triggered or absent after spinal cord injury and discusses spinal cord stimuli that contribute to this maladaptive response.
Journal ArticleDOI
Tumors: Wounds That Do Not Heal—Redux
TL;DR: In outline, VPF/VEGF initiates a sequence of events in both tumors and wounds that includes the following: increased vascular permeability; extravasation of plasma, fibrinogen and other plasma proteins; activation of the clotting system outside the vascular system; deposition of an extravascularfibrin gel that serves as a provisional stroma and a favorable matrix for cell migration.
Journal ArticleDOI
Microglia in the TBI brain: The good, the bad, and the dysregulated
David J. Loane,Alok Kumar +1 more
TL;DR: An improved understanding of the regulatory mechanisms that control microglial phenotypic shifts may advance the knowledge of post-injury recovery and repair, and provide opportunities for the development of novel therapeutic strategies for TBI.
Journal ArticleDOI
Macrophage polarization in pathology.
TL;DR: Functional skewing of monocyte/macrophage polarization occurs in physiological conditions as well as in pathology and is now considered a key determinant of disease development and/or regression.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Exploring the full spectrum of macrophage activation.
TL;DR: This Review suggests a new grouping of macrophages based on three different homeostatic activities — host defence, wound healing and immune regulation, and proposes that similarly to primary colours, these three basic macrophage populations can blend into various other 'shades' of activation.
Journal ArticleDOI
The chemokine system in diverse forms of macrophage activation and polarization.
Alberto Mantovani,Alberto Mantovani,Antonio Sica,Silvano Sozzani,Silvano Sozzani,Paola Allavena,Annunciata Vecchi,Massimo Locati +7 more
TL;DR: Recent evidence suggests that differential modulation of the chemokine system integrates polarized macrophages in pathways of resistance to, or promotion of, microbial pathogens and tumors, or immunoregulation, tissue repair and remodeling.
Journal ArticleDOI
Regulation of Wound Healing by Growth Factors and Cytokines
Sabine Werner,Richard Grose +1 more
TL;DR: This review summarizes the results of expression studies that have been performed in rodents, pigs, and humans to localize growth factors and their receptors in skin wounds and reports on genetic studies addressing the functions of endogenous growth factors in the wound repair process.
Journal ArticleDOI
Macrophages that have ingested apoptotic cells in vitro inhibit proinflammatory cytokine production through autocrine/paracrine mechanisms involving TGF-beta, PGE2, and PAF.
TL;DR: The results suggest that binding and/or phagocytosis of apoptotic cells induces active antiinflammatory or suppressive properties in human macrophages, likely that resolution of inflammation depends not only on the removal of apoptosis but on active suppression of inflammatory mediator production.
Journal ArticleDOI
The healing myocardium sequentially mobilizes two monocyte subsets with divergent and complementary functions
Matthias Nahrendorf,Filip K. Swirski,Elena Aikawa,Lars Stangenberg,Thomas Wurdinger,Jose-Luiz Figueiredo,Peter Libby,Peter Libby,Ralph Weissleder,Mikael J. Pittet +9 more
TL;DR: This work identifies two distinct phases of monocyte participation after MI and proposes a model that reconciles the divergent properties of these cells in healing and identifies new therapeutic targets that can influence healing and ventricular remodeling after MI.
Related Papers (5)
Macrophage Activation and Polarization: Nomenclature and Experimental Guidelines
Peter J. Murray,Judith E. Allen,Subhra K. Biswas,Edward A. Fisher,Derek W. Gilroy,Sergij Goerdt,Siamon Gordon,John A. Hamilton,Lionel B. Ivashkiv,Toby Lawrence,Massimo Locati,Alberto Mantovani,Fernando O. Martinez,Jean-Louis Mege,David M. Mosser,Gioacchino Natoli,Jeroen P. J. Saeij,Joachim L. Schultze,Kari Ann Shirey,Antonio Sica,Jill Suttles,Irina A. Udalova,Jo A. Van Ginderachter,Stefanie N. Vogel,Thomas A. Wynn +24 more