Journal ArticleDOI
Photocatalytic Conversion of Nitrogen to Ammonia with Water on Surface Oxygen Vacancies of Titanium Dioxide
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TLDR
It is reported that a commercially available TiO2 with a large number of surface oxygen vacancies, when photoirradiated by UV light in pure water with N2, successfully produces NH3.Abstract:
Ammonia (NH3) is an essential chemical in modern society. It is currently manufactured by the Haber–Bosch process using H2 and N2 under extremely high-pressure (>200 bar) and high-temperature (>673 K) conditions. Photocatalytic NH3 production from water and N2 at atmospheric pressure and room temperature is ideal. Several semiconductor photocatalysts have been proposed, but all suffer from low efficiency. Here we report that a commercially available TiO2 with a large number of surface oxygen vacancies, when photoirradiated by UV light in pure water with N2, successfully produces NH3. The active sites for N2 reduction are the Ti3+ species on the oxygen vacancies. These species act as adsorption sites for N2 and trapping sites for the photoformed conduction band electrons. These properties therefore promote efficient reduction of N2 to NH3. The solar-to-chemical energy conversion efficiency is 0.02%, which is the highest efficiency among the early reported photocatalytic systems. This noble-metal-free TiO2 ...read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Rational design of electrocatalysts and photo(electro)catalysts for nitrogen reduction to ammonia (NH3) under ambient conditions
TL;DR: In this article, the rational design of electrocatalysts and photo(electro) catalysts for N2 reduction to NH3 under ambient conditions is highlighted, with a special emphasis on the relationship between their physicochemical properties and NH3 production performance.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Review of Electrocatalytic Reduction of Dinitrogen to Ammonia under Ambient Conditions
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors summarized the recent progress on the electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) at ambient temperature and pressure from both theoretical and experimental aspects, aiming at extracting instructive perceptions for future NRR research activities.
Journal ArticleDOI
A rigorous electrochemical ammonia synthesis protocol with quantitative isotope measurements
Suzanne Zamany Andersen,Viktor Colic,Sungeun Yang,Sungeun Yang,Jay A. Schwalbe,Adam C. Nielander,Joshua M. McEnaney,Kasper Enemark-Rasmussen,Jon G. Baker,Aayush R. Singh,Brian A. Rohr,Michael J. Statt,Sarah J. Blair,Stefano Mezzavilla,Jakob Kibsgaard,Peter Christian Kjærgaard Vesborg,Matteo Cargnello,Stacey F. Bent,Thomas F. Jaramillo,Ifan E. L. Stephens,Jens K. Nørskov,Ib Chorkendorff +21 more
TL;DR: A protocol for the electrochemical reduction of nitrogen to ammonia enables isotope-sensitive quantification of the ammonia produced and the identification and removal of contaminants, and should help to prevent false positives from appearing in the literature.
Journal ArticleDOI
Achieving a Record-High Yield Rate of 120.9 μgNH3 mgcat.-1 h-1 for N2 Electrochemical Reduction over Ru Single-Atom Catalysts.
Zhigang Geng,Yan Liu,Xiangdong Kong,Pai Li,Kan Li,Zhongyu Liu,Junjie Du,Miao Shu,Rui Si,Jie Zeng +9 more
TL;DR: This work not only develops a superior electrocatalyst for NH3 production, but also provides a guideline for the rational design of highly active and robust single-atom catalysts.
Journal ArticleDOI
Review on the criteria anticipated for the fabrication of highly efficient ZnO-based visible-light-driven photocatalysts
TL;DR: In this article, the main advancements in overcoming the barriers accompanied by pure ZnO and the criteria for fabrication of effective visible-light-responsive (ZnO-based) photocatalysts are reviewed.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Increasing Solar Absorption for Photocatalysis with Black Hydrogenated Titanium Dioxide Nanocrystals
TL;DR: It is shown that disorder-engineered TiO2 nanocrystals exhibit substantial solar-driven photocatalytic activities, including the photo-oxidation of organic molecules in water and the production of hydrogen with the use of a sacrificial reagent.
Journal ArticleDOI
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Kazuhiko Maeda,Kentaro Teramura,Daling Lu,Tsuyoshi Takata,Nobuo Saito,Yasunobu Inoue,Kazunari Domen +6 more
TL;DR: An advance in the catalysis of the overall splitting of water under visible light is described: the new catalyst is a solid solution of gallium and zinc nitrogen oxide, modified with nanoparticles of a mixed oxide of rhodium and chromium, which functions as a promising and efficient photocatalyst in promoting the evolution of hydrogen gas.
Journal ArticleDOI
Efficient Visible Light Nitrogen Fixation with BiOBr Nanosheets of Oxygen Vacancies on the Exposed {001} Facets
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that efficient fixation of N2 to NH3 can proceed under room temperature and atmospheric pressure in water using visible light illuminated BiOBr nanosheets of oxygen vacancies in the absence of any organic scavengers and precious-metal cocatalysts.
Journal ArticleDOI
Catalytic Reduction of Dinitrogen to Ammonia at a Single Molybdenum Center
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explored the catalytic reduction of dinitrogen by molybdenum complexes that contain the [HIPTN3N]3- ligand.
Journal ArticleDOI
Challenges in reduction of dinitrogen by proton and electron transfer
TL;DR: This tutorial review gives an overview of the different catalytic systems, highlight the recent breakthroughs, pinpoint common grounds and discuss the bottlenecks and challenges in catalytic reduction of dinitrogen.
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