Photon band structure in a Sagnac fiber-optic ring resonator.
TL;DR: It is shown experimentally that propagation of light waves in an effectively rotating fiber-optic ring resonator leads to a photon band structure due to interference of elastically scattered waves.
Abstract: We show experimentally that propagation of light waves in an effectively rotating fiber-optic ring resonator leads to a photon band structure due to interference of elastically scattered waves. The rotation is simulated by means of a Faraday-active element in the ring.
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TL;DR: It is observed that very high-Q Mie resonances in silica microspheres are split into doublets, attributed to internal backscattering that couples the two degenerate whispering-gallery modes propagating in opposite directions along the sphere equator.
Abstract: We have observed that very high-Q Mie resonances in silica microspheres are split into doublets. This splitting is attributed to internal backscattering that couples the two degenerate whispering-gallery modes propagating in opposite directions along the sphere equator. We have studied this doublet structure by high-resolution spectroscopy. Time-decay measurements have also been performed and show a beat note corresponding to the coupling rate between the clockwise and counterclockwise modes. A simple model of coupled oscillators describes our data well, and the backscattering efficiency that we measure is consistent with what is observed in optical fibers.
333 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a survey and analysis of recent work on topological phases with polarization of light is presented, which has revealed several counterintuitive features of such phase shifts such as 2 nπ anholonomies, nonlinear and discontinuous behaviour originating from high singularities, peculiar spectral dependence, etc.
256 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide a direct experimental measurement of the band structure along the synthetic dimension, where internal degrees of freedom of a particle are coupled to form higher-dimensional lattices in lower-dimensional physical structures.
Abstract: There has been significant recent interest in synthetic dimensions, where internal degrees of freedom of a particle are coupled to form higher-dimensional lattices in lower-dimensional physical structures. For these systems, the concept of band structure along the synthetic dimension plays a central role in their theoretical description. Here we provide a direct experimental measurement of the band structure along the synthetic dimension. By dynamically modulating a resonator at frequencies commensurate with its mode spacing, we create a periodically driven lattice of coupled modes in the frequency dimension. The strength and range of couplings can be dynamically reconfigured by changing the modulation amplitude and frequency. We show theoretically and demonstrate experimentally that time-resolved transmission measurements of this system provide a direct readout of its band structure. We also realize long-range coupling, gauge potentials and nonreciprocal bands by simply incorporating additional frequency drives, enabling great flexibility in band structure engineering.
95 citations
TL;DR: It is shown theoretically and experimentally that time-resolved transmission measurements of this system provide a direct readout of its synthetic band structure, and the authors demonstrate this by modulating a ring resonator at frequencies commensurate with its mode spacing.
Abstract: In recent years there has been significant interest in the concepts of synthetic dimensions, where one couples the internal degrees of freedom of a particle to form higher-dimensional lattices in lower-dimensional physical structures. For these systems the concept of band structure along the synthetic dimension plays a central role in their theoretical description. Here we provide the first direct experimental measurement of the band structure along the synthetic dimension. By dynamically modulating a ring resonator at frequencies commensurate with its mode spacing, we realize a periodically driven system with a synthetic frequency dimension lattice. The strength and range of the couplings along the lattice can be dynamically reconfigured by changing the amplitude and frequency of modulation. We show theoretically and demonstrate experimentally that time-resolved transmission measurements of this system result in a direct "read out" of its band structure. We also show how long-range coupling, photonic gauge potentials and nonreciprocal bands can be realized in the system by simply incorporating additional frequency drives, enabling great flexibility in engineering the band structure.
75 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors observed a cancellation of on-resonance absorption, which can be interpreted as resulting from the destructive interference of the symmetric and anti-symmetric modes of the system, in analogy with electromagnetically induced transparency in atoms.
34 citations