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Journal ArticleDOI

Photonic generation of microwave signal using a dual-wavelength single-longitudinal-mode fiber ring laser

06 Feb 2006-IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques (IEEE)-Vol. 54, Iss: 2, pp 804-809
TL;DR: In this article, a dual-wavelength fiber Bragg grating (FBG) with two ultranarrow transmission bands in combination with a regular FBG is used to ensure single-longitudinal mode operation of the fiber ring laser.
Abstract: A novel approach for the generation of high-frequency microwave signals using a dual-wavelength single-longitudinal-mode fiber ring laser is proposed and demonstrated. In the proposed configuration, a dual-wavelength fiber Bragg grating (FBG) with two ultranarrow transmission bands in combination with a regular FBG is used to ensure single-longitudinal-mode operation of the fiber ring laser. A semiconductor optical amplifier is employed as the gain medium in the ring cavity. Since the two lasing wavelengths share the same gain cavity, the relative phase fluctuations between the two wavelengths are low and can be used to generate a low-phase-noise microwave signal without need of a microwave reference source. Three dual-wavelength ultranarrow transmission-band FBGs with wavelength spacing of 0.148, 0.33, and 0.053 nm are respectively incorporated into the laser. Microwave signals at 18.68, 40.95, and 6.95 GHz are obtained by beating the dual wavelengths at a photodetector. The spectral width of the generated microwave signals as small as 80 kHz with a frequency stability better than 1 MHz in the free-running mode at room temperature is obtained.
Citations
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Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, techniques developed in the last few years in microwave photonics are reviewed with an emphasis on the systems architectures for photonic generation and processing of microwave signals, photonic true-time delay beamforming, radio-over-fiber systems, and photonic analog-to-digital conversion.
Abstract: Broadband and low loss capability of photonics has led to an ever-increasing interest in its use for the generation, processing, control and distribution of microwave and millimeter-wave signals for applications such as broadband wireless access networks, sensor networks, radar, satellite communitarians, instrumentation and warfare systems. In this tutorial, techniques developed in the last few years in microwave photonics are reviewed with an emphasis on the systems architectures for photonic generation and processing of microwave signals, photonic true-time delay beamforming, radio-over-fiber systems, and photonic analog-to-digital conversion. Challenges in system implementation for practical applications and new areas of research in microwave photonics are also discussed.

1,332 citations

Proceedings Article
01 Aug 2012
TL;DR: In this paper, microwave photonics techniques developed in the past few years will be reviewed, with an emphasis on system architectures for microwave applications.
Abstract: Microwave photonics is an area that studies the generation, processing, control and transmission of microwave signals by means of photonics. In this paper, microwave photonics techniques developed in the past few years will be reviewed, with an emphasis on system architectures for microwave applications.

597 citations


Cites background from "Photonic generation of microwave si..."

  • ...length laser source with the two wavelengths separated at a desired frequency [18]....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A perspective on the exciting possibilities offered by the silicon photonics platform in the field of MWP, potentially enabling integration of highly-complex active and passive functionalities with high yield on a single chip, with a particular focus on the use of WBGs as basic building blocks for linear filtering operations.
Abstract: Integrated Microwave photonics (IMWP) signal processing using Photonic Integrated Circuits (PICs) has attracted a great deal of attention in recent years as an enabling technology for a number of functionalities not attainable by purely microwave solutions. In this context, integrated waveguide Bragg grating (WBG) devices constitute a particularly attractive approach thanks to their compactness and flexibility in producing arbitrarily defined amplitude and phase responses, by directly acting on coupling coefficient and perturbations of the grating profile. In this article, we review recent advances in the field of integrated WBGs applied to MWP, analyzing the advantages leveraged by an integrated realization. We provide a perspective on the exciting possibilities offered by the silicon photonics platform in the field of MWP, potentially enabling integration of highly-complex active and passive functionalities with high yield on a single chip, with a particular focus on the use of WBGs as basic building blocks for linear filtering operations. We demonstrate the versatility of WBG-based devices by proposing and experimentally demonstrating a novel, continuously-tunable, integrated true-time-delay (TTD) line based on a very simple dual phase-shifted WBG (DPS-WBG).

139 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a novel approach to achieving microwave frequency octupling in the optical domain is proposed and demonstrated, which consists of two cascaded Mach-Zehnder modulators that are both biased at the maximum transmission point, with a tunable optical phase shifter connected in between to introduce a phase shift.
Abstract: A novel approach to achieving microwave frequency octupling in the optical domain is proposed and demonstrated. The proposed system consists of two cascaded Mach-Zehnder modulators (MZMs) that are both biased at the maximum transmission point, with a tunable optical phase shifter connected in between to introduce a phase shift. An input microwave signal is applied to the MZMs with its power adjusted to ensure the two MZMs having an identical phase modulation index. A theoretical analysis that leads to the conditions for achieving frequency octupling is provided. The approach is verified by experiments. The phase noise performance and the frequency tunability are also experimentally investigated.

117 citations


Additional excerpts

  • ...These techniques can be classified into four categories [2]: 1) optical injection locking [3], 2) optical phase-lock loop [4], 3) microwave generation based on external modulation [5]–[10], and 4) microwave generation using a dual-wavelength laser source [11]....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a dual-beam optically injected semiconductor laser was used to generate tunable microwave signals up to 120 GHz, which is currently limited by the locking range of the slave laser determined by the frequency difference between the Hopf (higher frequency) and saddle node (lower frequency) curves.
Abstract: We propose and study photonic generation of broadly tunable microwave signals utilizing a dual-beam optically injected semiconductor laser. By injecting a slave laser with two detuned master lasers at the stable locking states, microwave signals with frequencies corresponding to the frequency spacing of the master lasers can be generated. Without the need for a microwave reference source, the dual-beam optical injection scheme has the advantages of low cost and less system complexity. Moreover, without the limitations of period-doubling bifurcation and Hopf bifurcation, by utilizing the period-one oscillation state with a single-beam injection scheme, the microwave signals generated with the proposed scheme have a much broader tuning range. In this paper, optical and power spectra of the microwave signals generated with the dual-beam optical injection scheme are compared with those generated with the optical mixing, the single-beam injection, and the unlocked dual-beam injection schemes. Generation of tunable microwave signals up to 120 GHz is demonstrated, which is currently limited by the locking range of the slave laser determined by the frequency difference between the Hopf (higher frequency) and the saddle node (lower frequency) bifurcation curves.

112 citations


Cites background from "Photonic generation of microwave si..."

  • ...Unlike the dual-wavelength fiber ring laser that can only generate microwave signals with fixed frequencies limited by the predesigned transmission bands of the FBGs used [12], Fig....

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  • ...By using dual-wavelength ultranarrow transmission-band fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs), a dualwavelength fiber ring laser has been demonstrated to generate microwave signals without the need for the microwave reference source [12], [13]....

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References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a novel method for the optical generation and distribution of millimetre waves is described, which is demonstrated at 36 GHz and an electrical linewidth limited by the resolution bandwidth of the spectrum analyser is achieved.
Abstract: A novel method for the optical generation and distribution of millimetre waves is described. The method is demonstrated at 36 GHz and an electrical linewidth limited by the resolution bandwidth of the spectrum analyser is achieved. No broadening of the electrical linewidth could be observed after propagation through 8 km of standard fibre.

492 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Heterodyne detection of the light from two slave lasers injection locked to FM sidebands of a modulated master laser is used to generate a narrowband microwave signal at 10.5 GHz.
Abstract: Heterodyne detection of the light from two slave lasers injection locked to FM sidebands of a modulated master laser is used to generate a narrowband microwave signal at 10.5 GHz.

345 citations


"Photonic generation of microwave si..." refers methods in this paper

  • ...To generate a signal with low phase noise and high stability, the phases of the two laser sources must be locked, which are usually implemented by using optical injection locking [1], [2] or by an optical phase-locked loop [3], [4]....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the advantages of a radio-based final drop for video delivery are outlined and spectral availability constraints that lead to the identification of the mm-wave region of the radio spectrum as the most appropriate for this application are discussed.
Abstract: Advantages of a radio-based final drop for video delivery are outlined and spectral availability constraints that lead to the identification of the mm-wave region of the radio spectrum as the most appropriate for this application are discussed. The possibility of simultaneously supporting other broadband services, such as B-ISDN and traffic information systems (IVHS), enhance the attractiveness of a radio link. A large number of antenna units need to be served due to the limited propagation distances achievable at mm-wave frequencies, and therefore, a low-cost generation and delivery method has to be developed. In this paper, alternatives for the optical generation and distribution of mm-wave signals are reviewed and a new method is proposed that eases the bandwidth, and hence the cost, of the required optoelectronic components. An assessment of the relative merits of the methods is given. >

170 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, offset phase-locking of two Nd:YAG nonplanar ring laser by electronic feedback was reported, and the difference frequency was continuously tunable in three bands from 6 to 34 GHz and exhibits a hold-in range and linewidth of 82 MHz and < 1 mHz, respectively.
Abstract: We report offset phase-locking of two Nd:YAG nonplanar ring lasers by electronic feedback. The difference frequency is continuously tunable in three bands from 6 to 34 GHz and exhibits a hold-in range and linewidth of 82 MHz and <1 mHz, respectively.

124 citations


"Photonic generation of microwave si..." refers background or methods in this paper

  • ...To generate a signal with low phase noise and high stability, the phases of the two laser sources must be locked, which are usually implemented by using optical injection locking [1], [2] or by an optical phase-locked loop [3], [4]....

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  • ...In the approaches in [1]–[4], the phases of the two wavelengths from two lasers are locked to a reference source....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Dual-wavelength single-longitudinal-mode lasing with a wavelength spacing as small as 0.147 nm at room temperature is experimentally demonstrated.
Abstract: A fiber Bragg grating filter with ultranarrow dual-transmission bands implemented using the equivalent phase shift technique is demonstrated. A fiber ring laser that incorporates a dual-transmission-band fiber Bragg grating filter in the ring cavity is implemented. Dual-wavelength single-longitudinal-mode lasing with a wavelength spacing as small as 0.147?nm at room temperature is experimentally demonstrated.

114 citations


"Photonic generation of microwave si..." refers background or methods in this paper

  • ...FBG1-1 is fabricated using the equivalent phase-shift technique by introducing two EPSs during the fabrication process [ 10 ], [11]....

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  • ...We called this type of “equivalent phase shift” EPS-II in this paper, while the EPS in [ 10 ] and [11] is called EPS-I....

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  • ...Very recently, a dual-wavelength SLM fiber ring laser with a wavelength spacing as small as 0.147 nm was proposed [ 10 ] by using an ultranarrow transmission-band (UNTB) dual-wavelength fiber Bragg grating (FBG), fabricated using the equivalent phase shift (EPS) technique [11], [12]....

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  • ...First, the SLM operation is ensured by using the UNTB FBGs [ 10 ]....

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  • ...The basic structure of FBG1-1 and the performance of the dual-wavelength SLM fiber ring laser have been discussed in [ 10 ]....

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