Physisorption and Chemisorption Mechanisms Influencing Micro (Nano) Plastics-Organic Chemical Contaminants Interactions: A Review
TL;DR: In this paper, a review article draws on scientific literature to discuss inherent polymers typically used in plastics and their affinity for different organic contaminants, as well as the compositions, environmental factors, and polymeric properties that influence their variability in sorption capacities.
Abstract: Microplastics, which serve as sources and vector transport of organic contaminants in
both terrestrial and marine environments, are emerging micropollutants of increasing
concerns due to their potential harmful impacts on the environment, biota and human
health. Microplastic particles have a higher affinity for hydrophobic organic contaminants
due to their high surface area-to-volume ratio, particularly in aqueous conditions. However,
recent findings have shown that the concentrations of organic contaminants adsorbed on
microplastic surfaces, as well as their fate through vector distribution and ecological risks,
are largely influenced by prevailing environmental factors and physicochemical properties
in the aquatic environment. Therefore, this review article draws on scientific literature to
discuss inherent polymers typically used in plastics and their affinity for different organic
contaminants, as well as the compositions, environmental factors, and polymeric
properties that influence their variability in sorption capacities. Some of the specific
points discussed are (a) an appraisal of microplastic types, composition and their fate
and vector transport in the environment; (b) a critical assessment of sorption mechanisms
and major polymeric factors influencing organic contaminants-micro (nano) plastics (MNPs) interactions; (c) an evaluation of the sorption capacities of organic chemical
contaminants to MNPs in terms of polymeric sorption characteristics including
hydrophobicity, Van der Waals forces, π–π bond, electrostatic, and hydrogen bond
interactions; and (d) an overview of the sorption mechanisms and dynamics behind
microplastics-organic contaminants interactions using kinetic and isothermal models.
Furthermore, insights into future areas of research gaps have been highlighted.
Citations
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TL;DR: In this paper , the degradation of personal protection equipment (PPE) in the marine environment and its consequences are poorly understood; however, in situ degradation experiments, including the colonization of PPE, are largely lacking.
53 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the state-of-the-art technologies developed for the removal and recovery of metal pollutants from wastewater by providing an in-depth understanding of their remediation mechanisms, while analyzing and critically discussing the recent key advances regarding these treatment methods.
33 citations
TL;DR: Analyses of electronic structures and charge transport calculations indicate a potential application of the 2D Ga2O3 monolayer as a room-temperature NO gas-sensing device with high sensitivity and tunable adsorption energy using plenary strain-induced lattice distortion.
Abstract: A two-dimensional (2D) Ga2O3 monolayer with an asymmetric quintuple-layer configuration was reported as a novel 2D material with excellent stability and strain tunability. This unusual asymmetrical structure opens up new possibilities for improving the selectivity and sensitivity of gas sensors by using selected surface orientations. In this study, the surface adsorptions of nine molecular gases, namely, O2, CO2, CO, SO2, NO2, H2S, NO, NH3, and H2O, on the 2D Ga2O3 monolayer are systematically investigated through first-principles calculations. The intrinsic dipole of the system leads to different adsorption energies and changes in the electronic structures between the top- and bottom-surface adsorptions. Analyses of electronic structures and charge transport calculations indicate a potential application of the 2D Ga2O3 monolayer as a room-temperature NO gas-sensing device with high sensitivity and tunable adsorption energy using plenary strain-induced lattice distortion.
30 citations
TL;DR: In this article , a review mainly addresses the prevalence, food web interactions, and toxicity assessment of micro(nano) plastics in marine and freshwater organisms, and summarizes documented studies based on the following broad objectives: (1) the occurrence and prevalence of micro-nano-plastic plastic particles in marine environments; (2) the ingestion of MNPs by aquatic biota and the food web exposure routes and bioaccumulation of contaminated MNPs, and (3) the adsorption and desorption of persistent organic pollutants, metals, and chemical additives on/from micro-plastics; and (4) the probable ecotoxicological effects of microplastic ingestion on aquatic organisms.
Abstract: Plastic pollution is a fast-rising environmental catastrophe. Microplastics and nanoplastics (MNPs) are ubiquitous components of most aquatic environments, and their burgeoning prevalence is endangering aquatic organisms. Recent studies have documented the entanglement of marine and freshwater biota by plastic litters, particularly ghost fishing gear, resulting in suffocation, drowning, or starving to death. Numerous reports have shown that aquatic organisms readily ingest and accumulate these emerging contaminants in their digestive systems. Given experimental evidence that contaminants-laden MNPs can persist in the gastrointestinal tract for considerable durations, investigations have documented a high probability of lethal and sublethal toxicological effects associated with direct and indirect MNPs ingestions. These include chronic protein modulation, DNA damage, embryotoxicity, gastrointestinal toxicity, genotoxicity, growth inhibition toxicity, histopathotoxicity, liver toxicity, neurotoxicity, oxidative stress, reproductive toxicity, and tissue damage. Today, reports have proven the transfer of MNPs across the aquatic food web to humans. However, the mechanisms of multiple contaminants-laden MNPs-induced toxicities, size-dependent toxicity, and the comprehensive mode-of-action and alterations of digestive, reproductive, and neurological systems’ functionality in marine organisms are still unclear. Thus, this review mainly addresses the prevalence, food web interactions, and toxicity assessment of micro(nano) plastics in marine and freshwater organisms. It summarizes documented studies based on the following broad objectives: (1) the occurrence and prevalence of micro(nano) plastic particles in marine and freshwater environments; (2) the ingestion of MNPs by aquatic biota and the food web exposure routes and bioaccumulation of contaminated MNPs by higher trophic entities; (3) the adsorption and desorption of persistent organic pollutants, metals, and chemical additives on/from micro(nano)plastics; and (4) the probable ecotoxicological effects of micro(nano)plastics ingestion on aquatic biota.
29 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors assessed PPE pollution in the Iranian coast of the Caspian Sea, the largest enclosed inland water body in the world by following standard monitoring procedures, and the results concerning the density (1.02 × 10-4 PPE/m2) composition (face masks represented 95.3% of all PPE) were comparable to previous studies in marine waters.
27 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a review of the state-of-the-art in isotherm modeling, its fundamental characteristics and mathematical derivations, as well as the key advance of the error functions, its utilization principles together with the comparisons of linearized and nonlinearized isotherms models have been highlighted and discussed.
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TL;DR: The mechanisms of generation and potential impacts of microplastics in the ocean environment are discussed, and the increasing levels of plastic pollution of the oceans are understood, it is important to better understand the impact of microPlastic in the Ocean food web.
4,706 citations
TL;DR: Ingestion of microplastics has been demonstrated in a range of marine organisms, a process which may facilitate the transfer of chemical additives or hydrophobic waterborne pollutants to biota.
3,643 citations
TL;DR: The evidence that endocrine disruptors have effects on male and female reproduction, breast development and cancer, prostate cancer, neuroendocrinology, thyroid, metabolism and obesity, and cardiovascular endocrinology is presented.
Abstract: Thereisgrowinginterestinthepossiblehealththreatposedbyendocrine-disruptingchemicals (EDCs), which are substances in our environment, food, and consumer products that interfere with hormone biosynthesis, metabolism, or action resulting in a deviation from normal homeostatic control or reproduction. In this first Scientific Statement of The Endocrine Society, we present the evidence that endocrine disruptors have effects on male and female reproduction, breast development and cancer, prostate cancer, neuroendocrinology, thyroid, metabolism and obesity, and cardiovascular endocrinology. Results from animal models, human clinical observations, and epidemiological studies converge to implicate EDCs as a significant concern to public health. The mechanisms of EDCs involve divergent pathways including (but not limited to) estrogenic, antiandrogenic, thyroid, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor , retinoid, and actions through other nuclear receptors; steroidogenic enzymes; neurotransmitter receptors and systems; and many other pathways that are highly conserved in wildlife and humans, and which can be modeled in laboratory in vitro and in vivo models. Furthermore, EDCs represent a broad class of molecules such as organochlorinated pesticides and industrial chemicals, plastics and plasticizers, fuels, and many other chemicals that are present in the environment or are in widespread use. We make a number of recommendations to increase understanding of effects of EDCs, including enhancing increased basic and clinical research, invoking the precautionary principle, and advocating involvement of individual and scientific society stakeholders in communicating and implementing changes in public policy and awareness. (Endocrine Reviews 30: 293–342, 2009)
3,576 citations