Piezoresistivity of conducting polyaniline/BaTiO 3 composites
01 Jul 2001-Journal of Materials Research (Cambridge University Press)-Vol. 16, Iss: 7, pp 1982-1988
TL;DR: In this paper, a fine-grained powder of BaTiO3 was placed in the polymerization reaction mixture of PANI/Barium titanate composites to obtain piezoresistivity properties.
Abstract: Conducting polyaniline/barium titanate (PANI/BaTiO3) composites exhibiting piezoresistivity properties have been synthesized by the in situ deposition technique by placing a fine grade powder of BaTiO3 in the polymerization reaction mixture. The polyaniline was formed preferentially on the ceramic particles giving a much higher yield for PANI than in absence of the BaTiO3 These composites exhibited piezoresistivity with the piezosensitivity being maximum at a certain composition. The current–voltage characteristics clearly revealed a nonlinear space charge controlled charge transport process. A large hysteresis in these characteristics was also observed which was dependent on the BaTiO3 content in a composite. The various results have been explained on the basis of the charge transport mechanism in the heterogeneous conducting material having insulating domains dispersed in it.
Citations
More filters
TL;DR: This work reports for the first time a correlation between the structural, electrical, and electromagnetic properties of polyaniline-tetragonal BaTiO3 (TBT) nanocomposites prepared by in-situ emulsion polymerization and the possibility of using these materials in stealth technology and for making futuristic radar absorbing materials (RAMs).
Abstract: Organic conductive polymers are at the forefront of materials science research because of their diverse applications built around their interesting and unique properties. This work reports for the first time a correlation between the structural, electrical, and electromagnetic properties of polyaniline (PANI)–tetragonal BaTiO3 (TBT) nanocomposites prepared by in-situ emulsion polymerization. XRD studies and HRTEM micrographs of these nanocomposites clearly revealed the incorporation of TBT nanoparticles in the conducting PANI matrix. EPR and XPS measurements reveal that increase in loading level of BaTiO3 results in a reduction of the doping level of PANI. The Ku-Band (12.4–18 GHz) network analysis of these composites shows exceptional microwave shielding response with absorption dominated total shielding effectiveness (SET) value of −71.5 dB (blockage of more than 99.99999% of incident radiation) which is the highest value reported in the literature. Such a high attenuation level, which critically depends on the fraction of BaTiO3 is attributed to optimized dielectric and electrical attributes. This demonstrates the possibility of using these materials in stealth technology and for making futuristic radar absorbing materials (RAMs).
231 citations
TL;DR: The recent progress in general metal molybdate nanomaterials for LIBs and supercapacitors are carefully presented here.
Abstract: Currently, metal molybdates compounds can be prepared by several methods and are considered as prospective electrode materials in many fields because the metal ions possess the ability to exist in several oxidation states. These multiple oxidation states contribute to prolonging the discharge time, improving the energy density, and increasing the cycling stability. The high electrochemical performance of metal molybdates as electrochemical energy storage devices are discussed in this review. According to recent publications and research progress on relevant materials, the investigation of metal molybdate compounds are discussed via three main aspects: synthetic methods, material properties and measured electrochemical performance of these compounds as electrode materials. The recent progress in general metal molybdate nanomaterials for LIBs and supercapacitors are carefully presented here.
123 citations
TL;DR: A comparative study of complex dielectric properties has been carried out at the X-band of microwave frequencies of composites of barium titanate (BaTiO3) with two different polymer matrices: insulating polyaniline (PANI) powder (emeraldine base) and maleic resin this article.
102 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a series of polyaniline (PANI) polymer nanocomposites (PNCs) filled with barium titanate (BaTiO3) were synthesized by a surface initiated polymerization method.
Abstract: Polyaniline (PANI) polymer nanocomposites (PNCs) filled with barium titanate (BaTiO3) were synthesized by a surface initiated polymerization method. Two different particle sizes (100 and 500 nm) were studied. By varying the loading level, size of BaTiO3 nanoparticles (NPs) and stirring method for the polymerization process, a series of PNCs were obtained and the effects of these parameters on the crystalline structure, thermal stability, morphology, electrical conductivity and dielectric permittivity were systematically studied. FT-IR analysis indicated a strong interaction between the formed PANI and the BaTiO3 NPs, and TEM observations showed that the BaTiO3 NPs are well coated with a PANI layer, however, the thickness of the PANI layer decreased with increasing the BaTiO3 particles loading. The XRD reflection patterns indicated that the crystallinity of the polyaniline part in the PNCs depends on the nanoparticle loading. However, the resistivity does not increase with increasing the crystallinity, and...
100 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the defect states in the nanocrystalline zirconia thin films play an important role in the energy transfer process and the luminescence dependence on defects in the film makes it suitable for luminescent oxygen-sensor development.
82 citations
References
More filters
20 Jun 1995
TL;DR: Ferroelectric Polymers: Polymer Electrets Crystal Structures and Phase Transitions of PVDF and Related Copolymers Ferroelectric, Pyroelectric, and Piezoelectric Properties of Poly(vinylidene fluoride) PVDF as mentioned in this paper and Its Blends Poly(trifluoroethylene) Ferro electric Nylons Cyanopolymers Polyureas and Polythioureas PIEZoelectrics and Pyroelectricity
Abstract: Part 1 Ferroelectric Polymers: Polymer Electrets Crystal Structures and Phase Transitions of PVDF and Related Copolymers Ferroelectric, Pyroelectric, and Piezoelectric Properties of Poly(vinylidene Fluoride) PVDF and Its Blends Poly(trifluoroethylene) Ferroelectric Nylons Cyanopolymers Polyureas and Polythioureas Piezoelectricity and Pyroelectricity Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal (FLC) Polymers Polymer-Ferroelectric Ceramic Composites Nonlinear Optical Properties of Ferroelectric Polymers Dielectric Properties of Ferroelectric Polymers. Part 2 Applications Pyroelectric Applications Electromechanical Applications Transduction Applications Ferroelectric Optical Memory Biomedical and Robotic Applications of Ferroelectric Polymers Applications of Ferroelectric Liquid Crystalline Polymers.
856 citations
01 Jan 1993
TL;DR: In this article, electrical and electrochemical properties of ion conducting polymers are discussed. But they do not consider the properties of polymers with polymer electrolytes, as they do in this paper.
Abstract: Preface. Electrical and electrochemical properties of ion conducting polymers. Electrical and electrochemical properties of electronically conducting polymers. Highly-conductive polymer electrolytes. Solvation mechanisms in low molecular weight polyethers. Lithium batteries with polymer electrodes. Lithium polymer batteries. Electrochromic devices. Laminated electrochromic displays and windows. Functionalized conductive polymer membranes/films. Electroactive polymers in chemical sensors.
824 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors demonstrate that by using polyaniline (PANI) or a combination of PANI and indium/tin oxide (ITO) as the transparent anode of a polymer light-emitting diode with poly[2]-methoxy‐5−(2'−ethyl hexyloxy)•1,4•phenylene vinylene] (MEH•PPV) active layer, device performance can be significantly improved.
Abstract: We demonstrate that by using polyaniline (PANI) or a combination of (PANI) and indium/tin oxide (ITO) as the transparent anode of a polymer light‐emitting diode with poly[2‐methoxy‐5‐(2’‐ethyl‐ hexyloxy)‐1,4‐phenylene vinylene] (MEH‐PPV), as the active layer, device performance can be significantly improved. The operating voltage can be reduced by ∼30%–50% and the quantum efficiency can be increased by ∼30%–40% with respect to the devices using ITO alone as the hole‐injecting anode. The barrier height at the PANI/MEH‐PPV interface is estimated to be ∼0.08–0.12 eV, approximately half of that at the ITO/MEH‐PPV interface.
426 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1995
TL;DR: Theory photochromics and electrochromics piezoelectric and pyroelectronic materials liquid crystals and devices organics for nonlinear optics conducting polymers charge transfer complexes LB films magnetism ion transport/biological systems biosensors biomolecular optoelectronics STM/APM molecular electronic logic and architectures molecular MBE
Abstract: Theory photochromics and electrochromics piezoelectric and pyroelectronic materials liquid crystals and devices organics for nonlinear optics conducting polymers charge transfer complexes LB films magnetism ion transport/biological systems biosensors biomolecular optoelectronics STM/APM molecular electronic logic and architectures molecular MBE
336 citations