Pile Foundation Analysis and Design

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Pile Foundation Analysis and Design

01 May 1990-

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a consistent theoretical approach to the prediction of pile deformation and load capacity, and present parametric solutions for a wide range of cases, demonstrating how such solutions can be used for design purposes, and review the applicability of these approaches to practical problems.

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Abstract: This book deals with methods of analysis that may be useful in design of pile foundations. The aims are to: 1) present a consistent theoretical approach to the prediction of pile deformation and load capacity, 2) present parametric solutions for a wide range of cases, 3) demonstrate how such solutions can be used for design purposes, and 4) review the applicability of these approaches to practical problems. (TRRL)

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Journal Article•DOI•

Piled raft foundations: design and applications

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Harry G. Poulos

01 Mar 2001-Geotechnique

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the philosophy of using piles as settlement reducers and the conditions under which such an approach may be successful and some of the characteristics of piled raft behavior are described.

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Abstract: In situations where a raft foundation alone does not satisfy the design requirements, it may be possible to enhance the performance of the raft by the addition of piles. The use of a limited number of piles, strategically located, may improve both the ultimate load capacity and the settlement and differential settlement performance of the raft. This paper discusses the philosophy of using piles as settlement reducers and the conditions under which such an approach may be successful. Some of the characteristics of piled raft behaviour are described. The design process for a piled raft can be considered as a three-stage process. The first is a preliminary stage in which the effects of the number of piles on load capacity and settlement are assessed via an approximate analysis. The second is a more detailed examination to assess where piles are required and to obtain some indication of the piling requirements. The third is a detailed design phase in which a more refined analysis is employed to confirm the op...

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379 citations

Cites methods from "Pile Foundation Analysis and Design..."

...The pile group stiffness can also be estimated from elastic theory, using approaches such as those described by Poulos & Davis (1980), Fleming et al. (1992) or Poulos (1989)....
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...…(b) the GARP analysis described earlier in this paper (c) a piled strip analysis (Poulos, 1991) (d ) the simple hand calculation method described by Poulos & Davis (1980) (e) the approximate linear method developed by Randolph (1983, 1994) ( f ) the combined ®nite element and boundary element…...
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...Six methods have been used: (a) Poulos & Davis (1980) (b) Randolph (1994) (c) strip on springs analysis, using the program GASP (Poulos, 1991) (d ) plate on springs approach, using the program GARP (Poulos, 1994a) (e) ®nite element and boundary element method of Ta & Small (1996) ( f ) ®nite…...
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...For estimating the load±settlement behaviour, an approach similar to that described by Poulos & Davis (1980) can be adopted....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Design of reinforcing piles to increase slope stability

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Harry G. Poulos

01 Oct 1995-Canadian Geotechnical Journal

TL;DR: In this article, an approach for the design of piles to reinforce slopes, involving three main steps: (1) evaluating the shear force needed to increase the safety factor to the desired value; (2)

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Abstract: This paper describes an approach for the design of piles to reinforce slopes, involving three main steps: (1) evaluating the shear force needed to increase the safety factor to the desired value; (...

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334 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Design of driven piles in sand

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Mark Randolph, J. Dolwin, R.D. Beck

01 Sep 1994-Geotechnique

TL;DR: In this paper, a new framework for axial capacity estimation of piles driven into sand is presented, which takes account of the physical processes, is consistent with the existing database of load test results and is sufficiently flexible to permit refinement as new data become available.

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Abstract: Estimation of the axial capacity of piles driven into sand involves considerable uncertainty, and design rules are generally not consistent with the physical processes involved. This Paper reviews current understanding of the factors that determine the axial capacity of piles driven into sand, and outlines a new framework for design which takes account of the physical processes, is consistent with the existing database of load test results, and is sufficiently flexible to permit refinement as new data become available. It allows for the effects of confining stress on the frictional and compressibility characteristics of sand, and hence on end-bearing capacity. In keeping with field observations, shaft friction is assumed to degrade with driving of the pile past a particular location, from an initial maximum value linked to the local end-bearing capacity. The resulting design approach is compared with field data, and effects of factors such as the direction of loading are discussed. L'estimation de la resi...

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291 citations

Cites background from "Pile Foundation Analysis and Design..."

...…at an absolute stress level (or depth), independently of pile diameter, contrasts with recommendations by Visit (1967, 1970) where the critical depth is expressed in terms of the pile diameter d and varies from 10d for loose/medium sand up to 20d for dense sand (see Poulos & Davis, 1980)....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Design of monopiles for offshore wind turbines in 10 steps

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Laszlo Arany¹, Subhamoy Bhattacharya², John H G Macdonald¹, Stephen John Hogan¹•Institutions (2)

University of Bristol¹, University of Surrey²

01 Jan 2017-Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering

TL;DR: In this paper, a simplified way of carrying out the design of monopiles based on necessary data (i.e. the least amount of data), namely site characteristics (wind speed at reference height, wind turbulence intensity, water depth, wave height and wave period), turbine characteristics (rated power, rated wind speed, rotor diameter, cut-in and cut-out speed, mass of the rotor-nacelle-assembly) and ground profile (soil stiffness variation with depth and soil stiffness at one diameter depth).

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220 citations

Cites background or methods from "Pile Foundation Analysis and Design..."

...Based on comparison of measured and predicted natural frequencies based on a three springs approach (see e.g. Arany et al. (2016)), it is suggested that the best approach to estimate the foundation stiffness is the methods of Poulos and Davis (1980) and Randolph (1981)....
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...The foundation stiffnesses are calculated using the Poulos & Davis (1980) formulae for flexible piles in medium sand from Table 2 as 𝐾𝐿 = 1.074𝑛ℎ 3 5 (𝐸𝑃𝐼𝑃) 2 5 𝐾𝐿𝑅 = −0.99𝑛ℎ 2 5 (𝐸𝑃𝐼𝑃) 3 5 𝐾𝑅 = 1.48𝑛ℎ 1 5 (𝐸𝑃𝐼𝑃) 4 5 (109) and their values are 𝐾𝐿 = 0.57 [GN/m] 𝐾𝐿𝑅 = −5.9…...
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...However, this value was found to be relatively close to the value calculated by the method given in Section 2.3 following Poulos and Davis (1980)....
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...…determine whether the pile can be considered rigid using a similar approach to that of Randolph (1981) whereby the pile is rigid if 𝐿𝑃 ≤ 0.05𝐷𝑃 ( 𝐸𝑒𝑞 𝐺∗ ) 1 2 (3) Another approach is shown in Poulos and Davis (1980) following Barber (1953) using the soil’s modulus of subgrade reaction 𝑘ℎ ....
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...The formula of Poulos and Davis (1980) given in Equation 6 can be used to estimate the required embedded length 𝐿𝑃 = 4.0 ( 𝐸𝑃𝐼𝑃 𝑛ℎ ) 1 5 ≈ 39 [m] (102) The initial pile dimensions are then 𝐷𝑃 = 4.5 [m] 𝑡𝑃 = 0.051 [m] 𝐿𝑃 = 39 [m] (103) 3.4 Estimate loads on the foundation Now that an…...
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Journal Article•DOI•

Three-dimensional nonlinear study of piles

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Aristonous M. Trochanis, Jacobo Bielak, Paul Christiano

01 Mar 1991-Journal of Geotechnical Engineering

TL;DR: In this article, the effect of nonlinear soil behavior on the axial and lateral response of piles to monotonic and cyclic loading with a view towards developing simplified, yet realistic models for representing pile-soil-pile interaction effects is examined by means of a three-dimensional finite element elastoplastic model that includes interface elements for representing slippage and pile•soil separation.

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Abstract: The main objective of this work is to examine the effect of nonlinear soil behavior on the axial and lateral response of piles to monotonic and cyclic loading with a view towards developing simplified, yet realistic models for representing pile‐soil‐pile interaction effects. The specific role of pile‐soil slippage and separation, and the overall nonlinear soil behavior on the response of single piles and pairs of piles is studied by means of a three‐dimensional finite element elastoplastic model that includes interface elements for representing slippage and pile‐soil separation. Numerical results indicate that material nonlinearity can significantly affect pile and soil response. Pile‐soil slippage is dominant under purely axial loading, while for lateral loads pile‐soil separation and generalized inelastic soil deformation are the crucial factors. In fact, ignoring these sources of nonlinearity can lead to greatly overestimating the amount of interaction between piles. Guided by the results of this work,...

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215 citations

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Pile Foundation Analysis and Design

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