Pilot-scale biodegradation of swine manure via Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius) for biodiesel production
TL;DR: In this article, the technology for pig manure biodegradation and biodiesel production using Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius) is described, and the properties of the oil extracted from the larvae meal treated with three different drying methods were compared.
About: This article is published in Applied Energy.The article was published on 2014-01-01. It has received 34 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Oleic acid & Biodiesel.
Citations
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TL;DR: The major obstacles associated with the production of fly larvae from organic waste on an industrial scale seem to be technological aspects of scaling-up the production capacity, insufficient knowledge of fly biology necessary to produce large amounts of eggs, and current legislation.
353 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the potential environmental impacts of food-waste bioconversion into compost and dried larvae through the action of Hermetia illucens, by applying Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), were assessed.
286 citations
Cites background from "Pilot-scale biodegradation of swine..."
...: De Foliart, 1989; Bukkens, 1997; Allotey and Mpuchane, 2003; Rumpold and Schlüter, 2013; van Huis, 2013), or as a source of fats for biodiesel production (e.g.: Kumar and Sharma, 2005; Li et al., 2011; Zheng et al., 2012; Manzano-Agugliaro et al., 2012; Yang and Liu, 2014)....
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03 Jul 2015
TL;DR: In this article, an overview of the research related with intensive insect farming of saprophagous dipteran species (flies) on manure and other organic wastes and the by-products obtained after the process is presented.
Abstract: The large volume of organic wastes and by-products produced every year usually generates environmental problems, such as water, air and soil contamination and it can be also a focus for pathogen dispersion. Sustainable waste management strategies should be developed, that can favour the value of the organic waste instead of its disposal. A sustainable strategy would be the use of the organic waste as substrate for intensive production of insect biomass. The insects associated with manure and organic waste can play a key role for the sustainable valorisation of organic waste streams as high add value products as they could be used as feed. This review is an overview of the research related with intensive insect farming of saprophagous dipteran species (flies) on manure and other organic wastes and the by-products obtained after the process. Using dipterans as recyclers of waste means that the mass-production systems of these organisms have to be efficient and competitive with other recycling systems. This ...
86 citations
Cites background from "Pilot-scale biodegradation of swine..."
...Sometimes oviposition attractants can be mixed with other substrates as wheat bran to provide the desired structure (Yang and Liu, 2014; Yang et al., 2012)....
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...180 Journal of Insects as Food and Feed 1(3) play an important role on natural decomposition of organic matter and have a great potential for mass-rearing (Yang et al., 2012; Yang and Liu, 2014)....
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...In that case, other possible use of the larval biomass produced could be the extraction of oil for biodiesel (Li et al., 2011a,b, 2012; Yang and Liu, 2014; Yang et al., 2012, 2014), or the extraction of biologically active substances present in larval bodies as components for the other industries (e....
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TL;DR: In this paper, a modification on CEW with mixed-bacteria powder was carried out to improve the FAME yield from the self-harvesting nature of black soldier fly larvae (BSFL).
Abstract: Primarily produced via transesterification of lipid sources, fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) of biodiesel derived from insect larvae has gained momentum in a great deal of research done over other types of feedstock. From the self-harvesting nature of black soldier fly larvae (BSFL), research had, however, only concentrated on the harvest of BSFL on sixth instar. Through rearing BSFL on coconut endosperm waste (CEW), 100 BSFL were harvested at the fifth and sixth instar, then modification on CEW with mixed-bacteria powder was carried out. It was found that the fifth instar BSFL had 34% lipid content, which was 8% more than the sixth instar. Both instars had similar corrected protein contents around 35–38%. The sixth instar BSFL contained around 19% of chitin, which was about 11% more than the fifth instar. Biodiesel products from both instars showed no differences in terms of FAME content. With modification on CEW, at 0.5 wt% of mixed-bacteria powder concentration, the maximum waste-to-biomass conversion (WBC) and protein conversion (PC) were achieved at 9% and 60%, respectively. Moreover, even with the shorter fermentation time frame of CEW, it did not affect the development of BSFL in terms of its WBC and PC when fed with 14 and 21 days fermented medium. FAME from all groups set, which predominantly constituted about C12:0 at around 60%, followed by C14:0 at around 15%, C16:0, and C18:1 both at 10% on average. Lastly, the FAME yield from BSFL was improved from 25% (sixth instar) to 33% (fifth instar) and showed its highest at 38.5% with modification on raw CEW with 0.5 wt% mixed-bacteria powder and fermented for 21 days. Thus, harvesting BSFL at earlier instar is more beneficial and practical, as it improves the FAME yield from the BSFL biomass.
66 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a new biorefinery approach for efficient conversion of chicken manure mixed with rapeseed straw was investigated through anaerobic co-digestion though digestate recycling.
60 citations
References
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TL;DR: Transportation biofuels such as synfuel hydrocarbons or cellulosic ethanol, if produced from low-input biomass grown on agriculturally marginal land or from waste biomass, could provide much greater supplies and environmental benefits than food-basedBiofuels.
Abstract: Negative environmental consequences of fossil fuels and concerns about petroleum supplies have spurred the search for renewable transportation biofuels. To be a viable alternative, a biofuel should provide a net energy gain, have environmental benefits, be economically competitive, and be producible in large quantities without reducing food supplies. We use these criteria to evaluate, through life-cycle accounting, ethanol from corn grain and biodiesel from soybeans. Ethanol yields 25% more energy than the energy invested in its production, whereas biodiesel yields 93% more. Compared with ethanol, biodiesel releases just 1.0%, 8.3%, and 13% of the agricultural nitrogen, phosphorus, and pesticide pollutants, respectively, per net energy gain. Relative to the fossil fuels they displace, greenhouse gas emissions are reduced 12% by the production and combustion of ethanol and 41% by biodiesel. Biodiesel also releases less air pollutants per net energy gain than ethanol. These advantages of biodiesel over ethanol come from lower agricultural inputs and more efficient conversion of feedstocks to fuel. Neither biofuel can replace much petroleum without impacting food supplies. Even dedicating all U.S. corn and soybean production to biofuels would meet only 12% of gasoline demand and 6% of diesel demand. Until recent increases in petroleum prices, high production costs made biofuels unprofitable without subsidies. Biodiesel provides sufficient environmental advantages to merit subsidy. Transportation biofuels such as synfuel hydrocarbons or cellulosic ethanol, if produced from low-input biomass grown on agriculturally marginal land or from waste biomass, could provide much greater supplies and environmental benefits than food-based biofuels.
2,841 citations
"Pilot-scale biodegradation of swine..." refers background in this paper
...Biodiesel is an important form of recyclable energies, and has been considered an ideal substitute for fossil fuels [13]....
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TL;DR: In this article, the main factors affecting the yield of biodiesel, i.e. alcohol quantity, reaction time, reaction temperature and catalyst concentration, are discussed, as well as new new processes for biodiesel production.
2,207 citations
"Pilot-scale biodegradation of swine..." refers background in this paper
...Acid value indicates the amount of free fatty acid in oil, and generally the feedstock oil with an acid value higher than 5 mg KOH/g is not suitable for direct alkaline-catalyst transesterification [28]....
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TL;DR: In this paper, structural features that influence the physical and fuel properties of a fatty ester molecule are chain length, degree of unsaturation, and branching of the chain, as well as the structural features of the fatty acid and the alcohol moieties.
2,145 citations
"Pilot-scale biodegradation of swine..." refers background in this paper
...It is reported that viscosity affects the atomization of a fuel upon injection into the combustion chamber and the structure of fatty acid alkyl esters [34]....
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TL;DR: Biodiesel is a domestic and renewable alternative with the potential to replace some of the petrodiesel market as mentioned in this paper, which is obtained from vegetable oils, animal fats, or other sources with a significant content of triacylglycerols by means of a transesterification reaction.
Abstract: Biodiesel is a domestic and renewable alternative with the potential to replace some of the petrodiesel market. It is obtained from vegetable oils, animal fats, or other sources with a significant content of triacylglycerols by means of a transesterification reaction. The fatty acid profile of biodiesel thus corresponds to that of the parent oil or fat and is a major factor influencing fuel properties. Besides being renewable and of domestic origin, advantages of biodiesel compared to petrodiesel include biodegradability, higher flash point, reduction of most regulated exhaust emissions, miscibility in all ratios with petrodiesel, compatibility with the existing fuel distribution infrastructure, and inherent lubricity. Technical problems with biodiesel include oxidative stability, cold flow, and increased NOx exhaust emissions. Solutions to one of these problems often entail increasing the problematic behavior of another property and have included the use of additives or modifying the fatty acid compositi...
1,258 citations
"Pilot-scale biodegradation of swine..." refers background in this paper
...Saturated short-chain esters may be suited for biodiesel [30]....
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...Generally, the higher the cetane number, the better the ignition quality of the fuel and vice versa [30]....
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TL;DR: The main factors affecting transesterification are the molar ratio of glycerides to alcohol, catalyst, reaction temperature and pressure, reaction time and the contents of free fatty acids and water in oils as mentioned in this paper.
1,115 citations
"Pilot-scale biodegradation of swine..." refers background in this paper
...There is no odd carbon fatty acid in rape biodiesel [31], but the content odd carbon fatty acids is 5....
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