Pitting Corrosion Behavior of F304 Stainless Steel Under the Exposure of Ferric Chloride Solution
01 Dec 2019-Journal of Bio- and Tribo-Corrosion (Springer International Publishing)-Vol. 5, Iss: 4, pp 1-13
TL;DR: In this article, an experimental investigation of pitting corrosion of forged 304 stainless steel was conducted, where the material was exposed to ferric chloride solution to investigate the effect of pit formation over time.
Abstract: Present paper deals with an experimental investigation of pitting corrosion of forged 304 stainless steel. Material is exposed to ferric chloride solution to investigate the effect of pitting corrosion. This material is known to provide structural strength with improved toughness and ductility. A number of experiments were carried out on F304 SS under ferric chloride solution by putting it for three different time durations of 8 h, 16 h, and 24 h. The results specify that pit formation increases over time. During experimentation, the number of pits, pit depth, corrosion rate, weight loss, and average pit depth have been measured. Microstructural characterization and surface roughness tests were carried out on the chemically exposed surface to understand the growth of pitting corrosion. Fractographic images high-end microscopy showed that the ferric chloride solution initiates the pitting of 304 austenite stainless steel. Furthermore, the exposure leads to the formation of a number of small pits that coalescence together to form cracks that appear at the bottom of the pit. It was also confirmed that the appearance of small bottom pits initiates cracks by increasing the duration of corrosion test to 24 h which is only due to dissolved inclusive atoms of chloride as revealed by EDX analysis.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of surface finishing (original, polished, etched and immersed in LN2) on corrosion behavior of steel AISI M35 is investigated and the change of corrosion properties with the application of deep cryogenic treatment (DCT) is researched and compared with the effects of conventional heat treatment (CHT).
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References
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TL;DR: Experiments using real-time microscopic in situ visualizations that resolve the nucleation and evolution of individual pits during the transition suggest that the sudden onset of corrosion is explained by an explosive autocatalytic growth in the number of metastable pits.
Abstract: Stainless steels undergo a sharp rise in pitting corrosion rate as the potential, solution concentration, or temperature is changed only slightly. We report experiments using real-time microscopic in situ visualizations that resolve the nucleation and evolution of individual pits during the transition. They suggest that the sudden onset of corrosion is explained by an explosive autocatalytic growth in the number of metastable pits and that stabilization of individual pits takes place only later. This finding agrees with a theoretical approach treating the onset of pitting corrosion as a cooperative critical phenomenon resulting from interactions among metastable pits, and it extends perspectives on the control and prevention of corrosion onset.
248 citations
TL;DR: The surface finish did not influence bacterial attachment, colonziation or removal, but is an important parameter for the corrosion resistance of the surface.
247 citations
TL;DR: Pitting corrosion of Type 304 stainless steel under drops of MgCl2 solution has been investigated to clarify the rusting mechanism in marine atmospheres as discussed by the authors, and a pitting corrosion test was performed under the droplets with various combinations of the diameter and thickness by exposure to a constant relative humidity.
224 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of surface roughness on metastable pitting susceptibility of type 304 (UNS S30400) stainless steel in chloride (Cl−) solution and the transition to stable pitting corrosion were investigated.
Abstract: The effects of surface roughness on metastable pitting susceptibility of type 304 (UNS S30400) stainless steel (SS) in chloride (Cl−) solution and the transition to stable pitting corrosion were investigated. A smoother surface finish reduced the frequency of metastable pitting because the number of metastable pit sites available was reduced. Once formed, however, a metastable pit had a greater probability of achieving stable pit growth if the surface was smoother. Observations were rationalized qualitatively in terms of the geometry of the available metastable pit sites and their ability to establish a diffusion-controlled dissolution rate.
196 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the effect of surface machining on the susceptibility of 304L stainless steel to stress corrosion cracking and revealed that surface machined stainless steel results in extensive grain refinement, strain induced martensite transformation and high magnitude of plastic deformation near the surface.
132 citations