Plant-Based Synthesis of Nanoparticles and Their Impact
01 Jan 2018-pp 33-57
TL;DR: This chapter summarizes the plant sources used for nanoparticle synthesis, characterization, and their applications and their different parts are reported in this chapter.
Abstract: Plants are the major sources of different types of phytochemicals with numerous biomedical applications. Nanotechnology is a rapidly growing field and plays an important role in most of the advanced science, medicine, and technology areas. This chapter summarizes the plant sources used for nanoparticle synthesis, characterization, and their applications. Plant parts such as leaves, fruits, seeds, stems, flowers, roots, barks, and fruit peels are involved in the synthesis of various types of nanoparticles. The low cost and higheco-friendly-natured plants are very advanced and beneficial to human applications. Nanoparticles such as silver from silver nitrate, gold from gold chloride, zinc oxide from zinc nitrate and zinc acetate, cadmium sulfide and zinc sulfide from cadmium sulfate and zinc sulfate, etc. were synthesized with the help of different types of plants and their different parts are reported in this chapter.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors used Punica granatum (P.granatum) fruit peels extract as reducing and stabilizing agent for the synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs).
112 citations
TL;DR: The SeNPs show an excellent antioxidant performance by the 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) methods, with potential application in different sectors, such as food, medical and pharmaceutical.
Abstract: Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) are successfully synthesized through microwave heating by using Theobroma cacao L. bean shell extract as a stabilizing and capping agent. Response surface methodology is used to obtain optimal synthesis conditions. The effect of microwave power, irradiation time and amount of Na2SeO3 are evaluated on crystalline size by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Z-potential by Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) using a central composite design (CCD). Optimal synthesis conditions are determined as 15.6 min, 788.6 W and 0.14 g of sodium selenite using 50 mL of Theobroma cacao L. bean shell extract. The successful biosynthesis of SeNPs is confirmed by UV-visible and Fourier Transformed Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic analyses. The XRD pattern and Raman spectra show the presence of trigonal and amorphous synthesized SeNPs. Spherical SeNPs are observed by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) with a particle size of 1–3 nm in diameter, at least one order of magnitude lower than those previously reported. The obtained SeNPs can be stable up to 55 days at 4 °C. Additionally, the SeNPs show an excellent antioxidant performance by the 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) methods, with potential application in different sectors, such as food, medical and pharmaceutical.
73 citations
Cites background from "Plant-Based Synthesis of Nanopartic..."
...Several parameters, such as the metal salt concentration, the use of suitable reducing agents, temperature, pH and reaction time, are critical to obtain high yields and purities in the synthesis of SeNPs [13]....
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TL;DR: In this paper , a review of the synthesis of nanomaterials and their applications in wastewater treatment to remove the harmful pollutants such as heavy metals, dyes, pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, etc.
19 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the synthesis of ZnO-NPs using Acantholimon serotinum extracts followed by characterization and evaluation of biological activities was reported. But the well diffusion method did not show effective growth inhibition activities of the ZnOs against bacteria.
Abstract: The present study reports the synthesis of ZnO-NPs using Acantholimon serotinum extracts followed by characterization and evaluation of biological activities. Field emission scanning electron microscope revealed irregular spherical morphology with a size in the range of 20–80 nm. The X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the synthesis of highly pure ZnO NPs with a hexagonal shape and a crystalline size of 16.3 nm. The UV-Vis spectroscopy indicates the synthesis of ZnO-NPs. FT-IR confirmed the presence of phytocomponents in the plant extract, which was responsible for nanoparticle synthesis. According to MTT results, the biosynthesized ZnO-NPs showed cytotoxic effects on human colon cancer Caco-2 (IC50: 61 µg/mL), neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y (IC50: 42 µg/mL), breast cancer MDA-MB-231 (IC50: 24 µg/mL), and embryonic kidney HEK-293 (IC50: 60 µg/mL) cell lines. Significant reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was measured by the DCFH-DA assay after 24 h incubation with ZnO-NPs (200 µg/mL). ZnO-NPs caused apoptotic and necrotic effects on cells, which was confirmed by Annexin V-PE/7-AAD staining and 6.8-fold increase in pro-apoptosis gene Bax and 178-fold decrease in anti-apoptosis gene Bcl-2. The well diffusion method did not show effective growth inhibition activities of the ZnO-NPs against bacteria. In conclusion, the ZnO-NPs induce cytotoxicity in cell lines through ROS generation and oxidative stress.
17 citations
01 Jan 2021
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles (nZnO) on seed germination, nutrition, photosynthesis, secondary metabolism, antioxidant system, defense-responsive genes, transcriptome, and soil microbiome are discussed.
Abstract: Nanotechnology as a novel scientific approach to sustainable agriculture has gained considerable attention. Taking metal oxide nanoparticles into account, zinc oxide nanoparticles (nZnO) are the most consumed in various industries, like medicine, food, and agriculture. An inevitable entry of nZnO to the environment due to the intensive application, production, and disposal process has provoked tremendous concerns on the ecosystem, especially plants as a key initiator agent of a food chain. In this chapter, the literature indicates various methods of nZnO synthesis (chemical and biogenic methods). Also, bio-uptake, translocation, accumulation, and phytotoxicity of this nano-compound will be presented. Furthermore, some references to its impact on plant microbiome are included. Moreover, we discuss the morphological, anatomical, biochemical, physiological, and molecular basis of plant responses to nZnO. In particular, we mainly focus on the effects of nZnO on seed germination, nutrition, photosynthesis, secondary metabolism, antioxidant system, defense-responsive genes, transcriptome, and soil microbiome. In addition, behaviors of seed, cell, and tissue following supplementations of culture medium with nZnO in in vitro condition will be focused. Herein, we try to provide a theoretical foundation for contributing to possible future exploitation in diverse agricultural activities.
12 citations