Book•
PLANT HORMONES: Biosynthesis, Signal Transduction, Action
01 Jan 2010-
TL;DR: This work focuses on the development of approaches to improving crop performance via hormones and the role of hormones during seed development and germination and the regulation of water balance.
Abstract: A INTRODUCTION 1 The plant hormones: Their nature, occurrence and function: Peter J Davies 2 Regulatory factors in hormone action: level, location and signal transduction: Peter J Davies B HORMONE BIOSYNTHESIS, METABOLISM, AND ITS REGULATION 1 Auxin biosynthesis and metabolism: Jennifer Normanly, Janet P Slovin and Jerry D Cohen 2 Gibberellin biosynthesis and inactivation: Valerie M Sponsel and Peter Hedden 3 Cytokinin biosynthesis and metabolism: Hitoshi Sakakibara 4 Ethylene biosynthesis: Jean-Claude Pech, Mondher Bouzayen and Alain Latche 5 Abscisic acid biosynthesis and metabolism: Steven H Schwartz and Jan AD Zeevaart 6 Brassinosteroids biosynthesis and metabolism: Sunghwa Choe 7 Regulation of Gibberellin and Brassinosteroid Biosynthesis by Genetic, Environmental and Hormonal Factors: James B Reid, Gregory M Symons and John J Ross C THE FINAL ACTION OF HORMONES 1 Auxin and cell elongation: Robert E Cleland 2 Gibberellin action in germinating cereal grains: Fiona Woodger, John V Jacobsen, and Frank Gubler 3 Cytokinin regulation of the cell division cycle: Luc Roef and Harry Van Onckelen 4 Expansins as agents of hormone action: Hyung-Taeg Cho and Daniel Cosgrove D HORMONE SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION 1 Auxin signal transduction Gretchen Hagen, Tom J Guilfoyle and William M Gray Update: The Auxin Receptor 2 Gibberellin signal transduction in stem elongation and leaf growth: Tai-Ping Sun Update: The Gibberellin Receptor 3 Cytokinin signal transduction: Bridey B Maxwell and Joseph J Kieber 4 Ethylene signal transduction in stem elongation: Ramlah Nehring and Joseph R Ecker 5 Ethylene signal transduction in flowers and fruits: Harry J Klee and David G Clark 6 Abscisic acid signal transduction in stomatal responses: Sarah M Assmann Update: The Abscisic Acid Receptor 7 Brassinosteroid signal transduction: Steven D Clouse E THE FUNCTIONING OF HORMONES IN PLANTGROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT 1 Auxin transport: David A Morris, Jiri Friml and Eva Zazimalova 2 The induction of vascular tissues by auxin: Roni Aloni 2A Strigolactones: The New Class of Branching Hormones: Christine A Beveridge and Catherine Rameau 3 Hormones and the regulation of water balance: Ian C Dodd and William J Davies 3A The Flowering Hormone - Florigen: A Protein Hormone: Brian G Ayre 4 The role of hormones during seed development and germination: Ruth R Finkelstein: 5 Hormonal and daylength control of potato tuberization: Salome Prat 6 The hormonal regulation of senescence: Susheng Gan 7 Genetic and transgenic approaches to improving crop performance via hormones: Andy L Phillips F THE ROLES OF HORMONES IN DEFENSE AGAINST INSECTS AND DISEASE 1 Jasmonates: Gregg A Howe Update: The Jasmonate Receptor 2 Salicylic acid: Terrence P Delaney 3 Peptide hormones: Clarence A Ryan and Gregory Pearce G HORMONE ANALYSIS 1 Methods of plant hormone analysis: Karin Ljung, Goeran Sandberg and Thomas Moritz Table of Genes Index
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TL;DR: It is argued that adaptation has taken place on a theme rather than via fundamentally different paths and similarities underlying the extensive diversity in the dormancy response to the environment that controls germination are identified.
Abstract: Seed dormancy is an innate seed property that defines the environmental conditions in which the seed is able to germinate. It is determined by genetics with a substantial environmental influence which is mediated, at least in part, by the plant hormones abscisic acid and gibberellins. Not only is the dormancy status influenced by the seed maturation environment, it is also continuously changing with time following shedding in a manner determined by the ambient environment. As dormancy is present throughout the higher plants in all major climatic regions, adaptation has resulted in divergent responses to the environment. Through this adaptation, germination is timed to avoid unfavourable weather for subsequent plant establishment and reproductive growth. In this review, we present an integrated view of the evolution, molecular genetics, physiology, biochemistry, ecology and modelling of seed dormancy mechanisms and their control of germination. We argue that adaptation has taken place on a theme rather than via fundamentally different paths and identify similarities underlying the extensive diversity in the dormancy response to the environment that controls germination.
2,411 citations
11 Oct 2012
TL;DR: It is envisioned that in the not too distant future, plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) will begin to replace the use of chemicals in agriculture, horticulture, silviculture, and environmental cleanup strategies.
Abstract: The worldwide increases in both environmental damage and human population pressure have the unfortunate consequence that global food production may soon become insufficient to feed all of the world's people. It is therefore essential that agricultural productivity be significantly increased within the next few decades. To this end, agricultural practice is moving toward a more sustainable and environmentally friendly approach. This includes both the increasing use of transgenic plants and plant growth-promoting bacteria as a part of mainstream agricultural practice. Here, a number of the mechanisms utilized by plant growth-promoting bacteria are discussed and considered. It is envisioned that in the not too distant future, plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) will begin to replace the use of chemicals in agriculture, horticulture, silviculture, and environmental cleanup strategies. While there may not be one simple strategy that can effectively promote the growth of all plants under all conditions, some of the strategies that are discussed already show great promise.
2,094 citations
Cites background from "PLANT HORMONES: Biosynthesis, Signa..."
...Plant hormones play key roles in plant growth and development and in the response of plants to their environment [64]....
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TL;DR: The dynamic, differential distribution of the hormone auxin within plant tissues controls an impressive variety of developmental processes, which tailor plant growth and morphology to environmental conditions.
1,124 citations
Cites background from "PLANT HORMONES: Biosynthesis, Signa..."
...This developmental flexibility involves permanent stem cell populations called meristems, de novo organogenesis, a remarkable capacity for regeneration, and directional growth responses to external cues (reviewed in Davies, 2004 and Tanaka et al., 2006)....
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...Moreover, there is also extensive crosstalk between different hormonal and other signaling pathways that ultimately determine physiological outcomes (reviewed in Davies, 2004)....
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...As with their animal counterparts, plant hormones act at low concentrations and are often not synthesized where they act (reviewed in Davies, 2004)....
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TL;DR: This review will focus on the plant hormone auxin and its action, and highlight recent mutagenesis and molecular studies, which have delineated the pathways of auxin transport, perception and signal transduction, and which together define the roles of Auxin in controlling growth and patterning.
Abstract: Hormones have been at the centre of plant physiology research for more than a century. Research into plant hormones (phytohormones) has at times been considered as a rather vague subject, but the systematic application of genetic and molecular techniques has led to key insights that have revitalized the field. In this review, we will focus on the plant hormone auxin and its action. We will highlight recent mutagenesis and molecular studies, which have delineated the pathways of auxin transport, perception and signal transduction, and which together define the roles of auxin in controlling growth and patterning.
1,063 citations
TL;DR: This review focuses mainly on eudicot seeds, and on the interactions between abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellins (GA), ethylene, brassinosteroids, auxin and cytokinins in regulating the interconnected molecular processes that control dormancy release and germination.
Abstract: This review focuses mainly on eudicot seeds, and on the interactions between abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellins (GA), ethylene, brassinosteroids (BR), auxin and cytokinins in regulating the interconnected molecular processes that control dormancy release and germination. Signal transduction pathways, mediated by environmental and hormonal signals, regulate gene expression in seeds. Seed dormancy release and germination of species with coat dormancy is determined by the balance of forces between the growth potential of the embryo and the constraint exerted by the covering layers, e.g. testa and endosperm. Recent progress in the field of seed biology has been greatly aided by molecular approaches utilizing mutant and transgenic seeds of Arabidopsis thaliana and the Solanaceae model systems, tomato and tobacco, which are altered in hormone biology. ABA is a positive regulator of dormancy induction and most likely also maintenance, while it is a negative regulator of germination. GA releases dormancy, promotes germination and counteracts ABA effects. Ethylene and BR promote seed germination and also counteract ABA effects. We present an integrated view of the molecular genetics, physiology and biochemistry used to unravel how hormones control seed dormancy release and germination.
1,006 citations