Plasmodium falciparum clearance in clinical studies of artesunate-amodiaquine and comparator treatments in sub-Saharan Africa, 1999–2009
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Cites background from "Plasmodium falciparum clearance in ..."
...Background Regardless of the emergence and spread of resistance to artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) in Southeast Asia (SEA) [1–5], ACT is still widely used as the first-line treatment for uncomplicated malaria worldwide [5] and has maintained high efficacy in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) with fast clearance rates [5, 6]....
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10 citations
Cites background from "Plasmodium falciparum clearance in ..."
...Resistance of malaria parasites to currently used ACT has emerged and is following a similar pattern of resistance previously observed with other anti-malarial drugs....
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...Abbreviations ACT: artemisinin-based combination therapy; AE: adverse events; AL: artemether–lumefantrine; ASNQ: artemisinin–naphthoquine; CI: confidence interval; CQ: chloroquine; CQSP: chloroquine plus sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine; DHP: dihydroartemisinin–piperaquine; FCT: fever clearance time; HR: hazards ratio; ITT: intention-to-treat; MD: mean difference; NQ: naphthoquine phosphate; OR: odds ratio; PCT: parasite clearance time; PICOS: participants/ population, Intervention, comparator(s), outcome(s), study design; PNG: Papua New Guinea; PRISMA: preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses; RR: relative risk; SAE: serious adverse events; SD: standard deviation; WHO: World Health Organization....
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...This makes the long-term risk of developing resistance a concern for single dose ACT [22]....
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...Although ACT reduced the density of gametocytaemia and the proportion of infected mosquitoes, sub-microscopic levels of gametocytes (which were present in a significant number of patients after treatment) appeared to be sufficient to drive post-treatment transmission [39]....
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...WHO recommended that artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) should be used for treating uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria to ensure efficacy and reduce the emergence of drug-resistant parasites [1, 4, 5]....
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8 citations
Cites background from "Plasmodium falciparum clearance in ..."
...The median parasite clearance time was 30 hours (IQR, 24–36 hours), for each ACT....
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...falciparum clearance continues to be achieved in sub-Saharan African patients treated with ACT.(31) The artemisinin component is mostly responsible for the rapid parasite clearance....
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...These results are consistent with those reported from several sub-Saharan African countries.28–30 An individual patient data analysis of parasite clearance conducted on a large sample (n=15,000) of uncomplicated malaria treatments showed that rapid P. falciparum clearance continues to be achieved in sub-Saharan African patients treated with ACT.31 The artemisinin component is mostly responsible for the rapid parasite clearance....
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...Indeed, artemisinin has been widely used in Africa since 2000, compared to more than 30 years in Cambodia, and is mainly available as co-formulated ACT.8,36 The other factors are related to host immunity and transmission reservoir of asymptomatic individual....
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"Plasmodium falciparum clearance in ..." refers background in this paper
...Genomic studies are underway, which have generated so far two sets of putative markers of artemisinin resistance - K13-propeller polymorphism [5], and a SNP in the gene encoding a DNA repair protein RAD5 on chromosome 13 (and possibly also on chromosome 10) [6]....
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314 citations
"Plasmodium falciparum clearance in ..." refers background in this paper
...Artemisinin tolerance/resistance manifests itself with slower parasite clearance, while ACT remain generally effective both clinically and parasitologically [1-4]....
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