Poetic Expressions: Students of Color Express Resiliency Through Metaphors and Similes

doi:10.4219/JAA-2007-355

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Poetic Expressions: Students of Color Express Resiliency Through Metaphors and Similes

Journal Article•DOI•

Poetic Expressions: Students of Color Express Resiliency Through Metaphors and Similes

Horace R. Hall¹•Institutions (1)

DePaul University¹

01 Feb 2007-Journal of Advanced Academics (SAGE Publications)-Vol. 18, Iss: 2, pp 216-244

TL;DR: The after-school City School Outreach youth program captured the attention of high school male students by offering them a physically and psychologically safe environment to talk about issues they faced as mentioned in this paper.

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Abstract: The after-school City School Outreach youth program captured the attention of high school male students by offering them a physically and psychologically safe environment to talk about issues they faced. The students of color who attended the program used various forms of creative written expression (i.e., poetry, spoken word, and hip hop) to document and share their lived realities as African American and Latino youth. An analysis of their writings and subsequent interviews revealed a variety of coping strategies and resources that these resilient adolescent males of color used to transcend adversity in their environment. When adolescent males of color have a strong sense of cultural pride and awareness, they are able to construct a healthy self-concept that assists them in acts of agency and resistance against negative psychological forces in their environment. These students used familial and nonfamilial support mechanisms, such as peers, church, and mentors, to assist them in reducing the stressful im...

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Journal Article•DOI•

Arts Enrichment and Preschool Emotions for Low-Income Children at Risk.

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Eleanor D. Brown¹, Kacey L. Sax¹•Institutions (1)

West Chester University of Pennsylvania¹

01 Apr 2013-Early Childhood Research Quarterly

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined observed emotion expression and teacher-rated emotion regulation for low-income children attending Settlement Music School's Kaleidoscope Preschool Arts Enrichment Program.

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Abstract: No studies to date examine the impact of arts-integrated preschool programming on the emotional functioning of low-income children at risk for school problems. The present study examines observed emotion expression and teacher-rated emotion regulation for low-income children attending Settlement Music School's Kaleidoscope Preschool Arts Enrichment Program. At a level of p

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73 citations

Cites background from "Poetic Expressions: Students of Col..."

...Including the arts may create space for children from diverse backgrounds to bring their lived realities into the classroom, fostering a sense of belonging, contentment, and pride (Allen & Boykin, 1992; Allison & Rehm, 2007; Griffin & Miller, 2008; Hall, 2007; Young, 1990)....
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...In reviewing principles of effective emotion regulation, Izard (2002) emphasizes the importance of inducing a preponderance of positive emotion and allowing children to express limited amounts of negative emotions in settings where they can learn control....
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...Through the emotion training interwoven in arts education, children may build healthy connections between emotions, cognitions, and actions, and acquire tools for learning in emotionally challenging situations. A recent study suggests the benefits of music and movement. Winsler, Ducenne, and Koury (2011) found that, compared to a control group, young children in Kindermusik showed better self-regulation....
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...Moreover, the arts hold a central position in the cultural traditions of most racial/ethnic minority groups: integrating the arts may create a bridge between home and school for children from these backgrounds, and facilitate their experience of interest, happiness, and pride (Allison & Rehm, 2007; Hall, 2007)....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Arts enrichment and school readiness for children at risk

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Eleanor D. Brown¹, Barbara Benedett, M. Elizabeth Armistead•Institutions (1)

West Chester University of Pennsylvania¹

01 Jan 2010-Early Childhood Research Quarterly

TL;DR: Examination of achievement within an arts enrichment preschool that served low-income children and a comparison to a nearby alternative on a measure of receptive vocabulary suggest that arts enrichment may advance educational outcomes for children at risk.

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Abstract: Arts enrichment provides varied channels for acquiring school readiness skills and may offer important educational opportunities for students from diverse backgrounds and with diverse needs. Study 1 examined achievement within an arts enrichment preschool that served low-income children. Results indicated that students practiced school readiness skills through early learning, music, creative movement, and visual arts classes. Students who attended the preschool for 2 years demonstrated higher achievement than those who attended for 1 year, suggesting that maturation alone did not account for achievement gains. Across 2 years of program attendance and four time points of assessment, students improved in school readiness skills, and there were no significant effects of race/ethnicity or developmental level on achievement growth. Study 2 compared students attending the arts enrichment preschool to those attending a nearby alternative on a measure of receptive vocabulary that has been found to predict school success. At the end of 1 year of attendance, students in the arts program showed greater receptive vocabulary than those at the comparison preschool. Results suggest that arts enrichment may advance educational outcomes for children at risk.

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67 citations

Cites background from "Poetic Expressions: Students of Col..."

...Including the arts in education provides opportunities for building on students’ cultural knowledge, incorporating varied cultural traditions, and encouraging students to bring their individual realities into the classroom (Allison & Rehm, 2007; Hall, 2007)....
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Cultural responsiveness, racial identity and academic success: a review of literature

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Mary Stone Hanley, George W. Noblit

01 Jan 2009

58 citations

Cites background from "Poetic Expressions: Students of Col..."

...Hall (2007) conducted a qualitative investigation about the resiliency of Black and Latino adolescent males in an after-school City School Outreach youth program that offered a physically and psychologically safe environment to talk about issues they faced....
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Dissertation•

The experience of Black ethnically minoritised students in higher education

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Carlton Howson

01 Jan 2014

37 citations

Cites background from "Poetic Expressions: Students of Col..."

...Some researchers have referred to this as resilience (Miller & MacIntosh, 1999; Hall, 2007; Brown & Tylka, 2011)....
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Journal Article•DOI•

The quiet revolution of poetry slam: the sustainability of cultural capital in the light of changing artistic conventions

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Helen Gregory¹•Institutions (1)

University of Exeter¹

14 Feb 2008-Ethnography and Education

TL;DR: In this article, the authors consider the educational and theoretical implications of an analysis into the artistic movement of poetry slam and explore what poetry slam can tell us about the ways in which members of dominant art worlds and new artistic movements interact and the implications which this has for the sustainability of cultural capital.

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Abstract: This paper considers the educational and theoretical implications of an analysis into the artistic movement of poetry slam. Slam is a successful and growing global phenomenon, which both directly and indirectly sets itself against the dominant literary world. As such, it could be viewed as presenting a challenge to dominant literary conventions and thus to the cultural capital of those who rely upon such conventions. Using data drawn from an ongoing ethnographic study, employing semi-structured interviews with 44 poets, promoters and educators active in the slam community, and participant observation of 21 slams in four cities, this paper explores what poetry slam can tell us about the ways in which members of dominant art worlds and new artistic movements interact and the implications which this has for the sustainability of cultural capital in the light of newly emerging artistic conventions and discourses.

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30 citations

Cites background from "Poetic Expressions: Students of Col..."

...…nurture their creativity (Gehring 2005); provide them with a space in which to engage with issues of identity and personal development (Fisher 2003; Hall 2007); sustain a mutually supportive community (Fisher 2005; Gehring 2005); and participate more actively in formal education (Dyson 2005;…...
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Book•

Identity, youth, and crisis

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Erik H. Erikson

01 Jan 1968

TL;DR: Erikson as mentioned in this paper describes a process that is located both in the core of the individual and in the inner space of the communal culture, and discusses the connection between individual struggles and social order.

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Abstract: Identity, Erikson writes, is an unfathomable as it is all-pervasive. It deals with a process that is located both in the core of the individual and in the core of the communal culture. As the culture changes, new kinds of identity questions arise-Erikson comments, for example, on issues of social protest and changing gender roles that were particular to the 1960s. Representing two decades of groundbreaking work, the essays are not so much a systematic formulation of theory as an evolving report that is both clinical and theoretical. The subjects range from "creative confusion" in two famous lives-the dramatist George Bernard Shaw and the philosopher William James-to the connection between individual struggles and social order. "Race and the Wider Identity" and the controversial "Womanhood and the Inner Space" are included in the collection.

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14,906 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Identity: Youth and Crisis

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Ivan Fras

01 Jul 1968-Psychosomatics

5,199 citations

"Poetic Expressions: Students of Col..." refers background in this paper

...From a psychosocial perspective, adolescents are engaged in a conscious and unconscious search for an autonomous identity as they seek to understand their social roles in life (Erikson, 1968; Marcia, 1980)....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Black students' school success: Coping with the “burden of ‘acting white’”

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Signithia Fordham¹, John U. Ogbu²•Institutions (2)

University of the District of Columbia¹, University of California, Berkeley²

01 Sep 1986-The Urban Review

TL;DR: In this paper, a framework for understanding how a sense of collective identity enters into the process of schooling and affects academic achievement is proposed, showing how the fear of being accused of "acting white" causes a social and psychological situation which diminishes black students' academic effort and thus leads to underachievement.

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Abstract: The authors review their previous explanation of black students' underachievement. They now suggest the importance of considering black people's expressive responses to their historical status and experience in America. “Fictive kinship” is proposed as a framework for understanding how a sense of collective identity enters into the process of schooling and affects academic achievement. The authors support their argument with ethnographic data from a high school in Washington, D.C., showing how the fear of being accused of “acting white” causes a social and psychological situation which diminishes black students' academic effort and thus leads to underachievement. Policy and programmatic implications are discussed.

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3,468 citations

"Poetic Expressions: Students of Col..." refers background in this paper

...Even though there is an abundance of work that focuses on why youth of color either fail or succeed academically (Cammarota, 2004; Conchas, 2001; Fordham & Ogbu, 1986; Juarez, 1996; Majors & Billson, 1992; Osborne, 2001), there is little research that concentrates on the dynamics that build…...
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Reference Book•DOI•

Handbook of adolescent psychology

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Richard M. Lerner, Laurence Steinberg

30 Oct 2009

TL;DR: The study of and interest in adolescence in the field of psychology and related fields continues to grow, necessitating an expanded revision of this seminal work as discussed by the authors, with contributions from the leading researchers.

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Abstract: The study of and interest in adolescence in the field of psychology and related fields continues to grow, necessitating an expanded revision of this seminal work. This multidisciplinary handbook, edited by the premier scholars in the field, Richard Lerner and Laurence Steinberg, and with contributions from the leading researchers, reflects the latest empirical work and growth in the field.

...read moreread less

2,001 citations

Book•

Why Are All The Black Kids Sitting Together In The Cafeteria?: And Other Conversations About Race

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Beverly Daniels Tatum

24 Jun 1999

TL;DR: A definition of terms Defining Racism can be found in this paper, where the Complexity of Identity and Affirmative Action are defined. But there is more than just Black and White, you know.

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Abstract: Introduction A Definition of Terms Defining RacismCan we talk? The Complexity of IdentityWho am I? Understanding Blackness In A White Context The Early YearsIs my skin brown because I drink chocolate milk? Identity Development in AdolescenceWhy are all the black kids sitting together in the cafeteria? Racial Identity in AdulthoodStill a work in progress Understanding Whiteness In a White Context The Development of White IdentityIm not ethnic, Im just normal. White Identity and Affirmative ActionIm in favor of affirmative action except when it comes to my jobs. Beyond Black and White Critical Issues in Latino, American Indian, and Asian Pacific American Identity DevelopmentTheres more than just Black and White, you know. Identity Development in Multiracial FamiliesBut dont the children suffer? Breaking The Silence Embracing a Cross-Racial DialogueWe were struggling for the words.

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1,562 citations