Polarization rotation mechanism for ultrahigh electromechanical response in single-crystal piezoelectrics
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...In the presence of the field b d , the energy E of the thin film can be expressed a...
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...gif" NDATA ITEM> ]> Piezoelectric materials, which convert mechanical to electrical energy (and vice versa), are crucial in medical imaging, telecommunication and ultrasonic device...
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...Our calculations further suggest that, in addition to a rhombohedral phase at zero ®eld and a high strain level in the tetragonal phase, good materials need to have: (1) a ̄at energy surface (that is, soft force constants for ferroelectric displacements) near the rhombohedral phase, so that a small ®eld will cause a large change of polarization angle; (2) large effective charges (thus a large c-axis polarization variation to be coupled with electric ®eld during polarization rotation); and (3) strong coupling between the internal degrees of freedom and strain....
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