Polygonisation of railway wheels: a critical review
TL;DR: The characteristics, effects, causes, and solutions of wheel polygonisation in metro vehicles, locomotives, and high-speed trains in China are summarized and guidance is provided on further understanding the formation mechanisms, monitoring technology, and maintenance criterion of wheel Polygonisation.
Abstract: Polygonisation is a common nonuniform wear phenomenon occurring in railway vehicle wheels and has a severe impact on the vehicle–track system, ride comfort, and lineside residents. This paper first summarizes periodic defects of the wheels, including wheel polygonisation and wheel corrugation, occurring in railways worldwide. Thereafter, the effects of wheel polygonisation on the wheel–rail interaction, noise and vibration, and fatigue failure of the vehicle and track components are reviewed. Based on the different causes, the formation mechanisms of periodic wheel defects are classified into three categories: (1) initial defects of wheels, (2) natural vibration of the vehicle–track system, and (3) thermoelastic instability. In addition, the simulation methods of wheel polygonisation evolution and countermeasures to mitigate wheel polygonisation are presented. Emphasis is given to the characteristics, effects, causes, and solutions of wheel polygonisation in metro vehicles, locomotives, and high-speed trains in China. Finally, the guidance is provided on further understanding the formation mechanisms, monitoring technology, and maintenance criterion of wheel polygonisation.
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TL;DR: In this paper, wear problems of wheel/rail systems occurring on the Chinese high-speed railway network in the last decade are summarized and explained together with the corresponding experience of treating them.
Abstract:
Wear problems of wheel/rail systems occurring on the Chinese high-speed railway network in the last decade are summarized and explained together with the corresponding experience of treating them. Focus is placed on uneven wear because even wear is not an urgent issue due to its very low wear rate for the Chinese high-speed railway systems. Two typical problems of longitudinal uneven wear, namely, wheel polygonization and rail corrugation, are introduced in terms of their characteristics, consequences, causes and initiation mechanisms. Next, wheel hollow wear and flange/gauge side wear, as typical problems of lateral uneven wear, are similarly discussed. Validated countermeasures against all these problems are presented at the end of this paper together with further proposals under testing or consideration. This work is principally based on first-hand data collected from field observations, monitoring tests and dynamic measurements, but typical numerical approaches and results are also presented to help explain the observed phenomena.
61 citations
TL;DR: The proposed ACMD approach can accurately detect wheel flats of small sizes under strong interferences for a variable-speed railway vehicle.
47 citations
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors developed an on-board condition monitoring and fault diagnosis (CM&FD) technique for wheel OOR, which contributes not only to the maintenance decision-making of wheelsets but also to clarifying its triggering and evolution mechanisms.
41 citations
TL;DR: A comprehensive overview of recent studies on the impact vibration behavior of railway vehicles was given in this article, where the sources of impact excitations were categorized in terms of wheel-rail contact irregularity, aerodynamic loads and longitudinal impulses by train traction/braking.
Abstract: Excessive vibrations of railway vehicles induced by dynamic impact loadings have a significant impact on train operating safety and stability; however, due to the complexity and diversity of railway lines and service environment, they are extremely difficult to eliminate. A comprehensive overview of recent studies on the impact vibration behavior of railway vehicles was given in this paper. First, the sources of impact excitations were categorized in terms of wheel-rail contact irregularity, aerodynamic loads, and longitudinal impulses by train traction/braking. Then the main research approaches of vehicle impact vibration were briefly introduced in theoretical, experimental, and simulation aspects. Also, the impact vibration response characteristics of railway vehicles were categorized and examined in detail to various impact excitation sources. Finally, some attempts of using the railway vehicle vibration to detect track defects and the possible mitigation measures were outlined.
32 citations
TL;DR: In this article, high-order polygonal wear wheels have been detected on metro express train operating on one metro line in China, which cause fatigue failures of steel coil springs in the primary suspension.
Abstract: High-order polygonal wear wheels have been detected on metro express train operating on one metro line in China, which cause fatigue failures of steel coil springs in the primary suspension. A seri...
31 citations
References
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TL;DR: In this article, a three-dimensional vehicle-track coupled dynamics model is developed in which a typical railway passenger vehicle is modelled as a 35-degree-of-freedom multi-body system.
Abstract: This paper presents a framework to investigate the dynamics of overall vehicle-track systems with emphasis on theoretical modelling, numerical simulation and experimental validation. A three-dimensional vehicle-track coupled dynamics model is developed in which a typical railway passenger vehicle is modelled as a 35-degree-of-freedom multi-body system. A traditional ballasted track is modelled as two parallel continuous beams supported by a discrete-elastic foundation of three layers with sleepers and ballasts included. The non-ballasted slab track is modelled as two parallel continuous beams supported by a series of elastic rectangle plates on a viscoelastic foundation. The vehicle subsystem and the track subsystem are coupled through a wheel-rail spatial coupling model that considers rail vibrations in vertical, lateral and torsional directions. Random track irregularities expressed by track spectra are considered as system excitations by means of a time-frequency transformation technique. A fast explicit integration method is applied to solve the large nonlinear equations of motion of the system in the time domain. A computer program named TTISIM is developed to predict the vertical and lateral dynamic responses of the vehicle-track coupled system. The theoretical model is validated by full-scale field experiments, including the speed-up test on the Beijing-Qinhuangdao line and the high-speed running test on the Qinhuangdao-Shenyang line. Differences in the dynamic responses analysed by the vehicle-track coupled dynamics and by the classical vehicle dynamics are ascertained in the case of vehicles passing through curved tracks.
620 citations
01 Jan 1993
TL;DR: Corrugation is a phenomenon which has excited the interest of railwaymen for more than a century, but for which there often does not appear to appear to be a cure as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Corrugation is a phenomenon which has excited the interest of railwaymen for more than a century, but for which there often does not appear to be a cure. It has generally been realized that there a...
337 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a wheel profile wear prediction tool is developed and applied to a vehicle operating the commuter rail network in Stockholm, based on a load collective concept where time-domain simulations are performed based on actual track data, measured rail profiles as well as pertinent operating conditions.
300 citations
01 Jan 1974
TL;DR: In this article, the railway track and vehicle combination comprises heavy rigid wheels running on heavy rails, which will supplement the contact forces which, on perfect track with perfect wheels, are basically the static wheel loads.
Abstract: The railway track and vehicle combination comprises heavy rigid wheels running on heavy rails. Imperfections in either will give rise to dynamic effects which increase with speed. These will supplement the contact forces which, on perfect track with perfect wheels, are basically the static wheel loads. The commercial necessity for higher speeds and greater axle loads has been established and this historical trend will probably continue. Forces and stresses will therefore become more severe unless technical progress is made in track and vehicle design. In this context, close co-operation between the Civil and the Mechanical Engineer is essential. Track must have a high standard of alignment and level and maintenance quality must be improved as far as practicable. The forces that the rails and track structure will withstand must also be specified. New vehicles, particularly those for high speed operation or with heavy axle loads, must not generate excessive track forces.
257 citations
01 Mar 2000
TL;DR: In this paper, a literature survey discusses the state-of-the-art in research on why out-ofround railway wheels are developed and on the damage they cause to track and vehicle components.
Abstract: This literature survey discusses the state-of-the-art in research on why out-of-round railway wheels are developed and on the damage they cause to track and vehicle components. Although the term out-of-round wheels can be attributed to a large spectrum of different wheel defects, the focus here is on out-of-round wheels with long wavelengths, such as the so-called polygonalization with 1-5 harmonics (wavelengths) around the wheel circumference. Topics dealt with in the survey include experimental detection of wheel/rail impact loads, mathematical models to predict the development and consequences of out-of-round wheels, criteria for removal of out-of-round wheels and suggestions on how to reduce the development of out-of-round wheels.
224 citations