Polysaccharide utilization by gut bacteria: potential for new insights from genomic analysis
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Cites background from "Polysaccharide utilization by gut b..."
...Whole grains are concentrated sources of dietary fiber, resistant starch, and oligosaccharides, as well as carbohydrates that escape digestion in the small intestine and are fermented in the gut, producing short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)....
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...Normal colonic epithelia derive 60–70% of their energy supply from SCFAs, particularly butyrate (21)....
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...To associate the presence of SCFA-producing bacterial communities with the effective increase in the concentration of SCFAs in fecal samples, we determined the levels of acetic, propionic, butyric, and valeric acids using solid phase microextraction–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS) analysis....
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...We can hypothesize that microbiota coevolved with the diet of BF individuals, allowing them to maximize the energy intake from indigestible components, such as plant polysaccharides, by producing high levels of SCFAs that supply the host with an additional amount of energy....
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...Concentrations of SCFAs were determined in a 1:25 dilution of 500 μL supernatant....
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3,040 citations
2,189 citations
Cites background from "Polysaccharide utilization by gut b..."
...A primary example of the importance of the microbiome to host health is in the digestion of dietary fiber, which is used by the microbiota of the lower GI tract as their main source of energy [21]....
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...sent the first step of microbiome-linked carbohydrate metabolism, as they degrade several types of polysaccharides in the lower GI tract, including starch, cellulose, and xylan [21]....
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References
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"Polysaccharide utilization by gut b..." refers background in this paper
...and that the microbiota that are associated with obese mice might be more efficient at extracting energy from dietary residues than the microbiota of lean mic...
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9,191 citations
"Polysaccharide utilization by gut b..." refers background in this paper
...The herbivorous diet consists largely of plant cell-wall polysaccharides that are not digestible by host enzymes, and 70% of the total gut volume is typically devoted to microbial fermentatio...
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8,434 citations
7,550 citations
"Polysaccharide utilization by gut b..." refers background in this paper
...Interestingly, it has recently been proposed that bacteria in the large intestine might have a role in obesity, based on evidence that suggests that obese and lean humans differ in the proportions of the two major bacterial phyla in their gut microbiot...
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7,049 citations