Population genetics of Glossina palpalis palpalis from central African sleeping sickness foci
Trésor Tito Tanekou,TT Melachio,Gustave Simo,Sophie Ravel,Thierry De Meeûs,Sandrine Causse,Philippe Solano,Pascal Lutumba,Tazoacha Asonganyi,Flobert Njiokou +9 more
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This first investigation of population genetic structure of G. p.Abstract:
Background: Glossina palpalis palpalis (Diptera: Glossinidae) is widespread in west Africa, and is the main vector of sleeping sickness in Cameroon as well as in the Bas Congo Province of the Democratic Republic of Congo. However, little is known on the structure of its populations. We investigated G. p. palpalis population genetic structure in five sleeping sickness foci (four in Cameroon, one in Democratic Republic of Congo) using eight microsatellite DNA markers. Results: A strong isolation by distance explains most of the population structure observed in our sampling sites of Cameroon and DRC. The populations here are composed of panmictic subpopulations occupying fairly wide zones with a very strong isolation by distance. Effective population sizes are probably between 20 and 300 individuals and if we assume densities between 120 and 2000 individuals per km 2 , dispersal distance between reproducing adults and their parents extends between 60 and 300 meters. Conclusions: This first investigation of population genetic structure of G. p. palpalis in Central Africa has evidenced random mating subpopulations over fairly large areas and is thus at variance with that found in West African populations of G. p. palpalis. This study brings new information on the isolation by distance at a macrogeographic scale which in turn brings useful information on how to organise regional tsetse control. Future investigations should be directed at temporal sampling to have more accurate measures of demographic parameters in order to help vector control decision.read more
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Standardising Visual Control Devices for Tsetse Flies: Central and West African Species Glossina palpalis palpalis
Dramane Kaba,Tusevo Zacarie,Alexis Makumyaviri M'Pondi,Flobert Njiokou,Henriette Bosson-Vanga,Thomas Kröber,Andrew McMullin,Steve Mihok,Patrick M. Guerin +8 more
TL;DR: Blue-black 0.25 m2 cloth targets show promise as simple cost effective devices for management of G. p.
Journal ArticleDOI
Tsetse fly evolution, genetics and the trypanosomiases - A review
Elliot S. Krafsur,Ian Maudlin +1 more
TL;DR: Ecological and modelling research convincingly show that conventional methods of targeted insecticide applications and traps/targets can achieve cost-effective reduction in tsetse densities.
Journal ArticleDOI
Intestinal Bacterial Communities of Trypanosome-Infected and Uninfected Glossina palpalis palpalis from Three Human African Trypanomiasis Foci in Cameroon
Franck Jacob,Tresor Tito Tanekou Melachio,Guy Roger Njitchouang,Geoffrey Gimonneau,Flobert Njiokou,Luc Abate,Richard Christen,Julie Reveillaud,Anne Geiger +8 more
TL;DR: The most important result was the evidence of the overall very large diversity of intestinal bacteria which, except for Wigglesworthia, were unevenly distributed over the sampled flies regardless of their geographic origin and their trypanosome infection status.
Journal ArticleDOI
Negative Density-dependent Dispersal in Tsetse Flies: A Risk for Control Campaigns?
TL;DR: It is suggested that control campaigns might unleash dispersal from untreated areas if confirmed by direct measurement of dispersal before and after control campaigns, and area-wide and/or sequential treatments of neighboring sites will be necessary to prevent this issue.
Journal ArticleDOI
Xenomonitoring of sleeping sickness transmission in Campo (Cameroon)
Pascal Grébaut,Trésor Melachio,Simplice Nyangmang,Vincent Ebo’o Eyenga,Guy-Roger Njitchouang,Elvis Ofon,Flobert Njiokou,Gustave Simo +7 more
TL;DR: Xenomonitoring provides a valuable guide/tool to determine places at higher risk for vector/human contact and to identify trypanosomes species circulating in the focus of Campo, Cameroon.
References
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genepop'007: a complete re-implementation of the genepop software for Windows and Linux
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Estimating F-statistics for the analysis of population structure.
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