Population genomics of rapid adaptation by soft selective sweeps
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TLDR
It is argued that soft sweeps might be the dominant mode of adaptation in many species, either because they were already present as standing genetic variation or arose independently by recurrent de novo mutations.Abstract:
Organisms can often adapt surprisingly quickly to evolutionary challenges, such as the application of pesticides or antibiotics, suggesting an abundant supply of adaptive genetic variation. In these situations, adaptation should commonly produce 'soft' selective sweeps, where multiple adaptive alleles sweep through the population at the same time, either because the alleles were already present as standing genetic variation or arose independently by recurrent de novo mutations. Most well-known examples of rapid molecular adaptation indeed show signatures of such soft selective sweeps. Here, we review the current understanding of the mechanisms that produce soft sweeps and the approaches used for their identification in population genomic data. We argue that soft sweeps might be the dominant mode of adaptation in many species.read more
Citations
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Statistical method for testing the neutral mutation hypothesis by DNA polymorphism.
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Sex-dependent dominance at a single locus maintains variation in age at maturity in salmon
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Evolutionary rescue in a changing world
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Recent selective sweeps in North American Drosophila melanogaster show signatures of soft sweeps.
TL;DR: In this paper, a statistical test based on a measure of haplotype homozygosity (H12) was developed to detect both hard and soft sweeps with similar power, and they used H12 to identify multiple genomic regions that have undergone recent and strong adaptation in a large population sample of fully sequenced Drosophila melanogaster strains from the DGRP.
References
More filters
Journal Article
Statistical method for testing the neutral mutation hypothesis by DNA polymorphism.
TL;DR: It is suggested that the natural selection against large insertion/deletion is so weak that a large amount of variation is maintained in a population.
Journal ArticleDOI
Statistical method for testing the neutral mutation hypothesis by DNA polymorphism.
TL;DR: The relationship between the two estimates of genetic variation at the DNA level, namely the number of segregating sites and the average number of nucleotide differences estimated from pairwise comparison, is investigated in this article.