Portugal in Africa: The Last Hundred Years
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01 Jan 2007
TL;DR: In this paper, the Frelimo party has been described as a model of state resilience in Mozambique, as the ruling party has managed to maintain power through years of economic collapse and civil conflict.
Abstract: Mozambique has been described as a model of ‘state resilience’ as the ruling Frelimo party has managed to maintain power through years of economic collapse and civil conflict. However, such a description can be misleading and I argue that in most senses, apart from the symbolic, the state largely collapsed through much of the country during the civil war (1977-1992). By tracing the social formation of the elite who eventually went on to dominate the Frelimo party leadership I demonstrate how they were able to maintain internal unity and survive the trials of the post-independence period. However, the social basis of the unity that has maintained the Frelimo party is also very exclusionary, and in many ways unique to themselves. Thus, instead of a model of state resilience I argue that it is the Frelimo party that has survived, but that the reestablishment of the hegemony of the party-state could deepen the divisions and inequalities that helped fuel civil war.
124 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyse the contradictory impact of political and economic changes accompanying colonialism, independence, attempted socialist transformation, and the end of socialism in Mozambique as they are mediated through the built environment of the Mozambican capital city of Maputo.
Abstract: As Mozambique was one of a number of Third World states that embraced Marxism-Leninism during the 1970s, the establishment and subsequent collapse of a socialist development project since independence in 1975 has had profound social, political, and economic consequences. Against these contexts, and through a chronological account which begins with the impacts of Portuguese colonialism and Mozambican nationalist responses, we analyse the contradictory impact of political and economic changes accompanying colonialism, independence, attempted socialist transformation, and the end of socialism in Mozambique as they are mediated through the built environment of the Mozambican capital city of Maputo. The combined political, social, and cultural facets within these transformations and continuities are evident throughout the account and we specify some of the ways in which these are intertwined with the political economy of urbanization. In the conclusion we reconsider what the changing trajectory of Maputo repre...
53 citations
01 Jan 2019
TL;DR: In this article, the authors propose a novel approach to solve the problem of homonymity in homophily, called homophychophysphychosophymy.
Abstract: .................................................................................................................................vii CHAPTER
35 citations
Dissertation•
01 Dec 2019
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explore the changing relationship between the Polish government and the Maritime and Colonial League in regards to its colonial program and demonstrate the implications this had for Poland's international relations with the League of Nations, other European colonial powers, and Germany.
Abstract: The Polish colonial movement in the inter-war period was a complex social and political phenomenon. The assessment of the movement presented in this thesis sheds light on its place in the history of Poland in the first half of twentieth century. In doing so, it examines the role of the Maritime and Colonial League which has not been sufficiently explored in exisiting interpretations of Polish emigration overseas. This thesis will explore the changing relationship between the Polish government and the Maritime and Colonial League in regards to its colonial programme. By doing so, it demonstrate the implications this had for Poland's international relations with the League of Nations, other European colonial powers, and Germany. By exploring the origins of the colonial movement in Poland and stressing its connection to migration policy, this study will argue that the picture of the instrumental character of the movement painted in the existing literature is too simplistic as it does not fully explain its nature. It will also place the Polish colonial movement in a broader context of international politics in the inter-war period, rather than following existing accounts by focusing solely on colonialism in the context of Poland's foreign policy. This approach will provide greater depth to our understanding by placing the colonial movement in Poland in part of a larger scale political process. The argument advanced here is that an understanding of the relationship between the Polish desire for colonies and its emigration policy is crucial to explain the colonial movement in inter-war Poland, Poland's colonial policy, the role of Maritime and Colonial League and the eventual fate of the settlement projects.
27 citations
01 Jan 2007
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the often overlooked close ties between parts of Africa and Europe in this era, and argued that the development of close elite African-European ties was initially beneficial to the kingdoms of the Fante, Benin, Kongo, and Ethiopia.
Abstract: The thesis, "Ambassadors, Explorers, and Allies: a Study of African-European Diplomatic Relationships, 1400-1600," examines the often overlooked close ties between parts of Africa and Europe in this era. While many in and outside the field of African history, associate early African-European contact with the beginnings of the Trans-Atlantic slave trade, exploitation and early colonialism, in fact, initial relations were more complicated and often based on alliances and cooperation, not opposition. Using published collections of Portuguese documents and archival resources from Lisbon, Portugal, this thesis argues that the development of close elite African-European ties was initially beneficial to the kingdoms of the Fante, Benin, Kongo, and Ethiopia. Early relationships adhered to African protocols for trade and diplomatic exchanges. Tracing the development these ties, examining the dynamic of elite African visitors traveling to Portugal and Rome, and finally situating these interactions in the greater context of the era through an analysis of other AfricanEuropean contacts, this thesis highlights the unique and overlooked aspects of fifteenth through seventeenthcentury African-European relationships.
25 citations
References
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01 Jan 2007
TL;DR: In this paper, the Frelimo party has been described as a model of state resilience in Mozambique, as the ruling party has managed to maintain power through years of economic collapse and civil conflict.
Abstract: Mozambique has been described as a model of ‘state resilience’ as the ruling Frelimo party has managed to maintain power through years of economic collapse and civil conflict. However, such a description can be misleading and I argue that in most senses, apart from the symbolic, the state largely collapsed through much of the country during the civil war (1977-1992). By tracing the social formation of the elite who eventually went on to dominate the Frelimo party leadership I demonstrate how they were able to maintain internal unity and survive the trials of the post-independence period. However, the social basis of the unity that has maintained the Frelimo party is also very exclusionary, and in many ways unique to themselves. Thus, instead of a model of state resilience I argue that it is the Frelimo party that has survived, but that the reestablishment of the hegemony of the party-state could deepen the divisions and inequalities that helped fuel civil war.
124 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyse the contradictory impact of political and economic changes accompanying colonialism, independence, attempted socialist transformation, and the end of socialism in Mozambique as they are mediated through the built environment of the Mozambican capital city of Maputo.
Abstract: As Mozambique was one of a number of Third World states that embraced Marxism-Leninism during the 1970s, the establishment and subsequent collapse of a socialist development project since independence in 1975 has had profound social, political, and economic consequences. Against these contexts, and through a chronological account which begins with the impacts of Portuguese colonialism and Mozambican nationalist responses, we analyse the contradictory impact of political and economic changes accompanying colonialism, independence, attempted socialist transformation, and the end of socialism in Mozambique as they are mediated through the built environment of the Mozambican capital city of Maputo. The combined political, social, and cultural facets within these transformations and continuities are evident throughout the account and we specify some of the ways in which these are intertwined with the political economy of urbanization. In the conclusion we reconsider what the changing trajectory of Maputo repre...
53 citations
01 Jan 2019
TL;DR: In this article, the authors propose a novel approach to solve the problem of homonymity in homophily, called homophychophysphychosophymy.
Abstract: .................................................................................................................................vii CHAPTER
35 citations
Dissertation•
01 Dec 2019
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explore the changing relationship between the Polish government and the Maritime and Colonial League in regards to its colonial program and demonstrate the implications this had for Poland's international relations with the League of Nations, other European colonial powers, and Germany.
Abstract: The Polish colonial movement in the inter-war period was a complex social and political phenomenon. The assessment of the movement presented in this thesis sheds light on its place in the history of Poland in the first half of twentieth century. In doing so, it examines the role of the Maritime and Colonial League which has not been sufficiently explored in exisiting interpretations of Polish emigration overseas. This thesis will explore the changing relationship between the Polish government and the Maritime and Colonial League in regards to its colonial programme. By doing so, it demonstrate the implications this had for Poland's international relations with the League of Nations, other European colonial powers, and Germany. By exploring the origins of the colonial movement in Poland and stressing its connection to migration policy, this study will argue that the picture of the instrumental character of the movement painted in the existing literature is too simplistic as it does not fully explain its nature. It will also place the Polish colonial movement in a broader context of international politics in the inter-war period, rather than following existing accounts by focusing solely on colonialism in the context of Poland's foreign policy. This approach will provide greater depth to our understanding by placing the colonial movement in Poland in part of a larger scale political process. The argument advanced here is that an understanding of the relationship between the Polish desire for colonies and its emigration policy is crucial to explain the colonial movement in inter-war Poland, Poland's colonial policy, the role of Maritime and Colonial League and the eventual fate of the settlement projects.
27 citations
01 Jan 2007
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the often overlooked close ties between parts of Africa and Europe in this era, and argued that the development of close elite African-European ties was initially beneficial to the kingdoms of the Fante, Benin, Kongo, and Ethiopia.
Abstract: The thesis, "Ambassadors, Explorers, and Allies: a Study of African-European Diplomatic Relationships, 1400-1600," examines the often overlooked close ties between parts of Africa and Europe in this era. While many in and outside the field of African history, associate early African-European contact with the beginnings of the Trans-Atlantic slave trade, exploitation and early colonialism, in fact, initial relations were more complicated and often based on alliances and cooperation, not opposition. Using published collections of Portuguese documents and archival resources from Lisbon, Portugal, this thesis argues that the development of close elite African-European ties was initially beneficial to the kingdoms of the Fante, Benin, Kongo, and Ethiopia. Early relationships adhered to African protocols for trade and diplomatic exchanges. Tracing the development these ties, examining the dynamic of elite African visitors traveling to Portugal and Rome, and finally situating these interactions in the greater context of the era through an analysis of other AfricanEuropean contacts, this thesis highlights the unique and overlooked aspects of fifteenth through seventeenthcentury African-European relationships.
25 citations