Potential Host Range of the Larval Endoparasitoid Cotesia vestalis (=plutellae) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)
28 Jun 2017-International Journal of Insect Science (SAGE Publications)-Vol. 9, Iss: 1, pp 117954331771562
TL;DR: The potential host range of the wasp and its developmental capacity in each host larva were examined under laboratory conditions using 27 lepidopteran species from 10 families, revealing that host range in some endoparasitoids is not constrained by relatedness among hosts based on immunity.
Abstract: Many parasitoid wasps are highly specialized in nature, attacking only one or a few species of hosts. Host range is often determined by a range of biological and ecological characteristics of the host including diet, growth potential, immunity, and phylogeny. The solitary koinobiont endoparasitoid wasp, Cotesia vestalis, mainly parasitizes diamondback moth (DBM) larvae in the field, although it has been reported that to possess a relatively wide lepidopteran host range. To better understand the biology of C vestalis as a potential biological control of hosts other than the DBM, it is necessary to determine suitability for potential hosts. In this study, the potential host range of the wasp and its developmental capacity in each host larva were examined under laboratory conditions using 27 lepidopteran species from 10 families. The wasp was able to parasitize 15 of the 27 species successfully. Some host species were not able to exclude C vestalis via their internal physiological defenses. When parasitization was unsuccessful, most hosts killed the parasitoid at the egg stage or early first-instar stage using encapsulation, but some host species disturbed the development of the parasitoid at various stages. No phylogenetic relationships were found among suitable and unsuitable hosts, revealing that host range in some endoparasitoids is not constrained by relatedness among hosts based on immunity.
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TL;DR: The data suggest many transitions between parasitoid life history traits across the whole superfamily, and the two subfamilies within Ichneumonidae that have polydnaviruses are supported as distantly related, providing strong evidence for two independent acquisitions of ichnoviruses.
25 citations
TL;DR: Differences in plant quality are diffused up the food chain, and the effects of host quality are reflected on the development of both parasitoids, as compared to two related larval endoparasitoids of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella and C. vestalis.
9 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors investigated the evolution of Helitron transposon in arthropods using an updated data set to reassess their previous findings and suggest that the most recent horizontal transfer events associated with C. vestalis took place in Europe.
Abstract: Abstract In a previous study we described a Helitron transposon that apparently became one of the segments in the symbiotic Cotesia vestalis bracovirus (CvBV) from the parasitoid wasp C. vestalis . We presented evidence that this Helitron , named Hel_c35, invaded the C. vestalis genome through a horizontal transfer (HT) event from a dipteran and was later transferred horizontally from C. vestalis to a lepidopteran species. Based on the phylogeny of Hel_c35, we suggested that both HTs occurred in East Asia. We have also anticipated that, as more sequenced genomes from new species become available, more HTs involving Hel_c35 would be detected. Although the inclusion of Hel_c35 as a CvBV segment turned out to be a methodological artifact, the fact that Hel_c35 copies are present in the genomes of C. vestalis and other arthropods still remains. Here, we investigated the evolution of Hel_c35 in arthropods using an updated data set to reassess our previous findings. Most species (95%) included in the present work had their genomes sequenced after our initial study was published, thus representing new descriptions of taxa harboring Hel_c35. Our results expand considerably the number of putative HTs involving Hel_c35, with up to dozens of previously undescribed events, and suggest that the most recent HTs associated with C. vestalis took place in Europe. Considering the phylogenetic distribution of Hel_c35, and the evidence that its DNA sequences are present in the calyx fluid of C. vestalis and tissues from its parasitized host, we argue that many HT events were favored by the behavior of this wasp.
4 citations
TL;DR: Insights into the evolutionary history and phylogeographic system of the herbivore and its parasitoid provide an important basis for better understanding the impacts of biological invasion on genetic configuration of local species.
Abstract: Invasive species may change the life history strategies, distribution, genetic configuration and trophic interactions of native species. The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella L., is an invasive herbivore attacking cultivated and wild brassica plants worldwide. Here we present phylogeographic analyses of P. xylostella and one of its major parasitoids, Cotesia vestalis, using mitochondrial markers, revealing the genetic diversity and evolutionary history of these two species. We find evidence that C. vestalis originated in Southwest China, then adapted to P. xylostella as a new host by ecological sorting as P. xylostella expanded its geographic range into this region. Associated with the expansion of P. xylostella, Wolbachia symbionts were introduced into local populations of the parasitoid through horizontal transfer from its newly associated host. Insights into the evolutionary history and phylogeographic system of the herbivore and its parasitoid provide an important basis for better understanding the impacts of biological invasion on genetic configuration of local species.
4 citations
01 Jan 2022
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References
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TL;DR: It is shown that information from the first and second trophic levels differs in availability and in reliability, a difference that shapes the way infochemicals are used by a species.
Abstract: Parasitoids and predators of herbivores have evolved and function within a multitrophic context. Consequently, their physiology and behavior are in fluenced by elements from other trophic levels such as their herbivore victim (second trophic level) and its plant food (first trophic level) (126) . Natural enemies base their foraging decisions on information from these different trophic levels, and chemical information plays an important role. This review is restricted to the ecology of chemical information from the first and second trophic levels. The importance of so-called infochemicals, a subcategory of semiochemicals, in foraging by parasitoids and predators has been well documented (e.g. reviewed in 31, 78, Il l , 183, 185) , and we do not intend to repeat the details. But because of a lack of testable hypotheses, all this research is conducted rather haphazardly: the total puzzle of infochemical use has not been solved for any natural enemy species. Here we approach the use of infochemicals by natural enemies from an evolutionary and ecological standpoint. Our basic concept is that information from the first and second trophic levels differs in availability and in reliability, a difference that shapes the way infochemicals are used by a species. We generate hypotheses on (a)
1,699 citations
TL;DR: The cellular immune responses of insects are discussed with emphasis on studies in Lepidoptera and Diptera, where most cellular defense responses involve granular cells and plasmatocytes, whereas in Drosophila they involve primarily plasMatocytes and lamellocytes.
1,504 citations
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TL;DR: Lack of parasitoids in a particular area may have occurred because the diamondback moth is better able than its natural-enemy complex to become established in newly planted cmcifers.
Abstract: In recent years, the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae), has become the most destructive insect of cruciferous plants throughout the world, and the annual cost for managing it is estimated to be US $I billion (168) Members of the plant family Cruciferae occur temperate and tropical climates and represent a diverse, widespread, and important plant group that includes cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, collards, rapeseed, mustard, and Chinese cabbage, the most important vegetable crop grown in China (90), the most populous country in the world Although the diamondback moth is believed to have originated in the Mediterranean area (64), the source of some of our most important crucifers (185), diamondback moths now occur wherever cmcifers are grown, and this insect is believed to be the most universally distributed of all Lepidoptera (107) Absence of effective natural enemies, especially parasitoids, is believed to be a major cause of the diamondback moth’s pest status in most parts of the world (92) Lack of parasitoids in a particular area may have occurred because the diamondback moth is better able than its natural-enemy complex to become established in newly planted cmcifers Reports on the ability of diamondback moths to migrate long distances are numerous (19, 40, 54, 58, 108, 120,
1,372 citations
889 citations
"Potential Host Range of the Larval ..." refers background in this paper
...Source: International Journal of Insect Science, 9(1) Published By: SAGE Publishing URL: https://doi....
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TL;DR: Much evidence is incompatible with the widely held assumptions that diet breadth is a species characteristic and that specialization among herbivorous insects implies greater efficiency and less niche overlap.
Abstract: Many herbivorous insects have generalized diets over the species' entire geographical ranges but they function as specialists with restricted diets in local communities. Local feeding specialization can be produced by biochemical, behavioral, ecological, and evolutionary processes. Much evidence is incompatible with the widely held assumptions that diet breadth is a species characteristic and that specialization among herbivorous insects implies greater efficiency and less niche overlap.
839 citations