Journal ArticleDOI
Prebiotics in aquaculture: a review
Einar Ringø,Rolf Erik Olsen,T.Ø. Gifstad,Roy A. Dalmo,Heidi Amlund,Gro Ingunn Hemre,Anne Marie Bakke +6 more
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TLDR
To fully conclude on the effects of adding prebiotics in fish diets, more research efforts are needed to provide the aquaculture industry, the scientific community, the regulatory bodies and the general public with the necessary information and tools.Abstract:
A prebiotic is a non-digestible food ingredient that beneficially affects the host by selectively stimulating the growth and/or the activity of one or a limited number of bacteria in the colon. Despite the potential benefits to health and performance as noted in various terrestrial animals, the use of prebiotics in the farming of fish and shellfish has been less investigated. The studies of prebiotics in fish and shellfish have investigated the following parameters: effect on growth, feed conversion, gut microbiota, cell damage/morphology, resistance against pathogenic bacteria and innate immune parameters such as alternative complement activity (ACH50), lysozyme activity, natural haemagglutination activity, respiratory burst, superoxide dismutase activity and phagocytic activity. This review discusses the results from these studies and the methods used. If the use of prebiotics leads to health responses becoming more clearly manifested in fish and shellfish, then prebiotics might have the potential to increase the efficiency and sustainability of aquaculture production. However, large gaps of knowledge exist. To fully conclude on the effects of adding prebiotics in fish diets, more research efforts are needed to provide the aquaculture industry, the scientific community, the regulatory bodies and the general public with the necessary information and tools.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
The current status and future focus of probiotic and prebiotic applications for salmonids
Daniel L. Merrifield,Arkadios Dimitroglou,Andrew D. Foey,Simon J. Davies,R.T.M. Baker,Jarl Bøgwald,Mathieu Castex,Einar Ringø +7 more
TL;DR: The application of probiotics and prebiotics may result in elevated health status, improved disease resistance, growth performance, body composition, reduced malformations and improved gut morphology and microbial balance.
Journal ArticleDOI
Role of gastrointestinal microbiota in fish
TL;DR: The involvement of GI microbiota in fish nutrition, epithelial development, immunity as well as disease outbreak, and the need for manipulating the gut microbiota with useful beneficial microbes through probiotic, prebiotic and synbiotic concepts for better fish health management are indicated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Teleost microbiomes: the state of the art in their characterization, manipulation and importance in aquaculture and fisheries
Martin S. Llewellyn,Martin S. Llewellyn,Sébastien Boutin,Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar,Nicolas Derome +4 more
TL;DR: An explosion in research in this sector is predicted in line with the increasing global demand for fish protein, and the need to find sustainable approaches to improve aquaculture yield, with the reduced cost and increasing ease of next generation sequencing technologies.
Journal ArticleDOI
Beneficial roles of feed additives as immunostimulants in aquaculture: a review
Journal ArticleDOI
Fish immune system and its nutritional modulation for preventive health care
TL;DR: The role of dietary nutrients or additives on the functions of the immune system in fish has been investigated since the 1980s and more convincing evidences should be gathered before they are classified as ‘functional ingredients’.
References
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TL;DR: Analysis of the genomic DNA from a bacterial biofilm grown under aerobic conditions suggests that sulfate-reducing bacteria, despite their anaerobicity, were present in this environment.
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Dietary Modulation of the Human Colonic Microbiota: Introducing the Concept of Prebiotics
TL;DR: By combining the rationale of pro- and prebiotics, the concept of synbiotics is proposed to characterize some colonic foods with interesting nutritional properties that make these compounds candidates for classification as health-enhancing functional food ingredients.
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Probiotic Bacteria as Biological Control Agents in Aquaculture
TL;DR: This review describes the state of the art of probiotic research in the culture of fish, crustaceans, mollusks, and live food, with an evaluation of the results obtained so far.
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Application of prebiotics and probiotics in poultry production
TL;DR: The intestinal microbiota, epithelium, and immune system provide resistance to enteric pathogens, and recent data suggest that resistance is not solely due to the sum of the components, but that cross-talk between these components is also involved in modulating this resistance.
Journal ArticleDOI
The use of probiotics in aquaculture
TL;DR: The most promising prospects are sketched out, but considerable efforts of research will be necessary to develop the applications to aquaculture.