Prediction of piezoelectric properties of crystal-ceramic composites
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed the effect of the 90° domain structure, the form of crystalline inclusions, the remanent polarization of the ceramics, molar Ca concentration, and other factors of the effective piezoelectric coefficients of the composite.
Abstract: In the framework of the model of a piezoelectrically active ferroelectric crystal-ceramic composite of the 0–3 type, the concentration dependences of the effective piezoelectric properties of this composite are determined. Two examples of such composites are discussed: the single-domain PbTiO3 crystal (Pb1 − x
Ca itx)TiO3 ceramic and the polydomain PbTiO3 crystal (Pb1 − x
Cax)TiO3 ceramic. Based on these examples, we analyzed the effect of the 90° domain structure, the form of crystalline inclusions, the remanent polarization of the ceramics, molar Ca concentration (x), and other factors of the effective piezoelectric coefficients e
3j
*
and d
3j
*
and and their anisotropy. The relation between the piezoelectric polarization of the composite to single-domain inclusions and the anisotropy of its piezoelectric coefficients is also studied.
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TL;DR: In this article, a bibliography is given containing 2067 references published during 2002 and 2003 on piezoelectric and pyroelectric properties of materials and their applications, which contains listings of journal articles with complete bibliographic citations.
Abstract: A bibliography is given containing 2067 references published during 2002 and 2003 on piezoelectric and pyroelectric properties of materials and their applications. It contains listings of journal articles with complete bibliographic citations. This bibliography is the continuation of a series published semi-annually.
47 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effective piezoelectric coefficients of relaxor-ferroelectric Pb(A1/3B2/3)O3?PbTiO3-type single-crystal?Ferroelectric pbTiOs3-based ceramic composites are determined at various volume concentrations of piezo-active components.
Abstract: The effective piezoelectric coefficients of novel 0?3 'relaxor-ferroelectric Pb(A1/3B2/3)O3?PbTiO3-type single-crystal?ferroelectric PbTiO3-based ceramic' and 0?1?3 'relaxor-ferroelectric Pb(A1/3B2/3)O3?PbTiO3-type single-crystal?ferroelectric PbTiO3-based ceramic?polymer' composites are determined at various volume concentrations of piezo-active components. The role of the piezo-active single-crystalline and ceramic components in the non-monotonic concentration dependence of the piezoelectric properties of these composites is analysed. First, some empirical relationships among electromechanical constants of the components are given and discussed, which guarantee considerably high values of the hydrostatic piezoelectric coefficients and of the above-mentioned 0?3 composites with spheroidal inclusions. Next, it is shown that the presence of the relaxor-ferroelectric component in the 0?1?3 composite results in an unusual concentration behaviour of its piezoelectric coefficients and , which has not been described before in papers on the well-studied 1?3 'ferroelectric ceramic ? polymer' composite. Examples of the large piezoelectric anisotropy of the 0?1?3 composite (i.e. conditions , , and , where are electromechanical coupling factors) are also considered and discussed.
6 citations
01 Jan 2016
TL;DR: In this paper, a system of the ECFs is introduced to describe the conversion and takes into account the symmetry of a piezoelectric material, orientations of its crystallographic axes, input and output arrangements, etc.
Abstract: The ECF characterises the conversion of electrical energy into the mechanical form and the conversion of mechanical energy into the electric form (see work [1, 2] and Sect. 1.2). A system of the ECFs (see, for example, ( 1.21)–( 1.27) for poled FCs) is introduced to describe the conversion and takes into account the symmetry of a piezoelectric material, orientations of its crystallographic axes, input and output arrangements, etc.
TL;DR: In this article , the authors proposed solutions and provided perspectives to the future development of different aspects of piezoceramic research and industry, and discussed the trade-offs between energy and environmental benefits.
Abstract: Piezoelectric materials are widely used in electromechanical coupling components including actuators, kinetic sensors, and transducers, as well as in kinetic energy harvesters that convert mechanical energy into electricity and thus can power wireless sensing networks and the Internet of Things (IoT). Because the number of deployed energy harvesting powered systems is projected to explode, the supply of piezoelectric energy harvesters is also expected to be boosted. However, despite being able to produce green electricity from the ambient environment, high-performance piezoelectrics (i.e., piezoelectric ceramics) are energy intensive in research and manufacturing. For instance, the design of new piezoceramics relies on experimental trials, which need high process temperatures and thus cause high consumption and waste of energy. Also, the dominant element in high-performance piezoceramics is hazardous Pb, but substituting Pb with other nonhazardous elements may lead to a compromise of performance, extending the energy payback time and imposing a question of trade-offs between energy and environmental benefits. Meanwhile, piezoceramics are not well recycled, raising even more issues in terms of energy saving and environmental protection. This paper discusses these issues and then proposes solutions and provides perspectives to the future development of different aspects of piezoceramic research and industry.
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01 Jan 1982TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present numerical simulation of intergranular and transgranular crack propagation in ferroelectric polycrystals using double kink mechanisms for discrete dislocations in BCCs.
Abstract: Preface Numerical simulation of intergranular and transgranular crack propagation in ferroelectric polycrystals Microstructure and stray electric fields at surface cracks in ferroelectrics Double kink mechanisms for discrete dislocations in BCC crystals The expanding spherical inhomogeneity with transformation strain A new model of damage: a moving thick layer approach On configurational forces at boundaries in fracture mechanics HotQC simulation of nanovoid growth under tension in copper Coupled phase transformations and plasticity as a field theory of deformation incompatibility Continuum strain-gradient elasticity from discrete valence force field theory for diamond-like crystals
4,951 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the piezoelectric properties of relaxor based ferroelectric single crystals, such as Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3−PbTiO3 (PZN-PT), were investigated for electromechanical actuators.
Abstract: The piezoelectric properties of relaxor based ferroelectric single crystals, such as Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3−PbTiO3 (PZN-PT) and Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3−PbTiO3 (PMN-PT) were investigated for electromechanical actuators. In contrast to polycrystalline materials such as Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZTs), morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) compositions were not essential for high piezoelectric strain. Piezoelectric coefficients (d33’s ) >2200 pC/N and subsequent strain levels up to >0.5% with minimal hysteresis were observed. Crystallographically, high strains are achieved for oriented rhombohedral crystals, though is the polar direction. Ultrahigh strain levels up to 1.7%, an order of magnitude larger than those available from conventional piezoelectric and electrostrictive ceramics could be achieved, possibly being related to an E-field induced phase transformation. High electromechanical coupling (k33) >90% and low dielectric loss <1%, along with large strain make these crystals promising candidates for high performance solid state actuators.
345 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an orthorhombic ferroelectric phase was observed in 0.67Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3−0.33PbTiO3 single crystals.
Abstract: We report on the observation of an orthorhombic ferroelectric phase in 0.67Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.33PbTiO3 single crystals, whose polarization is along 〈011〉 direction and stability can be altered by poling conditions. We studied the piezoelectric properties on poled 〈011〉 crystals, in both monodomain and polydomain states, and found that the piezoelectric d32 coefficient, which is the piezoelectric response in perpendicular to the poling direction, is positive in both cases. Based on the phenomenological theory, we show that this is possible in a crystal with the electrostrictive coefficients Q11>Q44–Q12.
229 citations
TL;DR: Newnham received the lectureship for "pioneering the field of ceramic composites for electronic and optical applications, and in recognition of a distinguished career of guiding students, lecturing, and writing" as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The following is an edited version of the David Turnbull Lectureship address, given by recipient Robert E. Newnham at the 1996 MRS Fall Meeting. Newnham received the lectureship for “pioneering the field of ceramic composites for electronic and optical applications, and in recognition of a distinguished career of guiding students, lecturing, and writing.” Newnham is the Alcoa Professor of Solid State Science at The Pennsylvania State University.
140 citations