Prediction of the effects of liquid viscosity on interfacial shear stress and frictional pressure drop in vertical upward gas–liquid annular flow
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of liquid viscosity on the mean liquid film thicknesses, wave heights, and gas-liquid interfacial shear stresses in the vertical-upward co-current annular flow in a 26.0mm inner diameter tube were investigated.
About: This article is published in International Journal of Multiphase Flow.The article was published on 1998-06-01. It has received 121 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Pressure drop & Two-phase flow.
Citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the existence, development and translation of disturbance waves in upward, gas-liquid annular flows. And they found that the frequency of occurrence of the disturbance waves first increases away from the inlet as these waves form, reaches a maximum at a length between 7.5 and 15 pipe diameters, and then decreases again.
131 citations
Cites background from "Prediction of the effects of liquid..."
...…for a number of reasons, which include the ability to predict the frictional pressure drop in two-phase flows (Wallis 1969; Asali et al. 1985; Fukano and Furukawa 1998; Fore et al. 2000; Wongwises and Kongkiatwanitch 2001; Wang and Gabriel 2005; Belt et al. 2009) that dictate pumping…...
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TL;DR: In this article, a new film thickness and pressure gradient data were obtained in a 5.08 × 101.6 mm duct for nitrogen and water in cocurrent upward annular flow, and these data were used to compute interfacial shear stresses and interfacial friction factors for comparison with several accepted literature correlations.
118 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed most of the recent literature on annular flow, with emphasis in all those variables and processes occurring in the liquid-gas interface that cause droplet entrainment.
107 citations
01 Mar 1999
TL;DR: In this paper, a new film thickness and pressure gradient data were obtained in a 5.08 by 101.6 mm duct for nitrogen and water in annular flow and a new correlation for the interfacial friction factor has been developed.
Abstract: New film thickness and pressure gradient data were obtained in a 5.08 by 101.6 mm duct for nitrogen and water in annular flow. Pressures of 3.4 and 17 atm and temperatures of 38 and 93 C were used to vary the gas density and liquid viscosity. These data are used to compute interfacial shear stresses and interfacial friction factors for comparison with several accepted literature correlations. These comparisons are reasonable for small values of the relative film thickness. However, the new data cover conditions not approached by the data used to construct those correlations. By combining the current data with the results of two other comprehensive modern experimental studies, a new correlation for the interfacial friction factor has been developed. This correlation adds elements of transition roughness to Wallis' fully-rough analogy to better predict interfacial friction factors over a wide range of gas Reynolds numbers and liquid film thicknesses.
92 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a constant electric current method (CECM) is proposed for conductance measurement. But the performance of the CECM is limited due to the fact that the output from the sensor electrode is independent of the location of gas phase, and the sensitivity of detecting the change in the hold-up is higher in the case of thinner film thickness.
74 citations
References
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TL;DR: In this paper, a method for predicting the film height and interfacial friction factor is presented for situations in which the liquid film flow rate is known, and a new measurement method for the height and pressure drop for vertical gas-liquid annular flows is presented.
Abstract: New measurements are presented for film height and pressure drop for vertical gas-liquid annular flows. Improved methods for predicting the film height and interfacial friction factor are developed for situations in which the liquid film flow rate is known.
270 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, additional data has been obtained on flow pattern transitions during cocurrent gas-liquid flow in vertical and upwardly inclined lines and these data, together with those previously available in the literature, have enabled the development of improved dimensionless correlations for flow pattern boundaries.
174 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the distribution of liquid droplet mass velocity and local linear velocity for the gas core in air/water annular flow were presented using a sampling/impact probe which was maintained in a position far from the water injector.
107 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors derived a correlation for drop size in annular flow based on a mechanistic model and obtained the optimum values of four constants by a fit to measured data over a wide range of gas and liquid flow rates, physical properties and pipe diameter.
92 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a constant electric current method (CECM) is proposed for conductance measurement. But the performance of the CECM is limited due to the fact that the output from the sensor electrode is independent of the location of gas phase, and the sensitivity of detecting the change in the hold-up is higher in the case of thinner film thickness.
74 citations