Preparation and dispersion of Ni–Cu composite nanoparticles
01 Jul 2002-Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics (The Royal Society of Chemistry)-Vol. 4, Iss: 14, pp 3422-3424
TL;DR: In this paper, fine dispersed sandwich composite nanoparticles of Cu-Ni-Cu were prepared by a novel method combining template synthesis and an ultrasonic treatment method, which can be used to fabricate shape-and size-controlled composite particles in a wide range of materials.
Abstract: Finely dispersed sandwich composite nanoparticles of Cu–Ni–Cu were prepared by a novel method combining template synthesis and an ultrasonic treatment method. The composite nanoparticles have uniform cylinder shape with tunable diameter and length. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electron diffraction (ED) were employed to characterize the nanoparticles. This method can be used to fabricate shape- and size-controlled composite nanoparticles in a wide range of metals and other materials. The so-prepared particles may be suitable candidates as nanoscale blocks for assembling nanodevices.
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TL;DR: This review highlights recent advances in the synthesis of multisegmented one-dimensional nanorods and nanowires with metal, semiconductor, polymer, molecular, and even gapped components and discusses the applications of these multicomponent nanomaterials in magnetism, self-assembly, electronics, biology, catalysis, and optics.
Abstract: In the science and engineering communities, the nanoscience revolution is intensifying. As many types of nanomaterials are becoming more reliably synthesized, they are being used for novel applications in all branches of nanoscience and nanotechnology. Since it is sometimes desirable for single nanomaterials to perform multiple functions simultaneously, multicomponent nanomaterials, such as core-shell, alloyed, and striped nanoparticles, are being more extensively researched. Nanoscientists hope to design multicomponent nanostructures and exploit their inherent multiple functionalities for use in many novel applications. This review highlights recent advances in the synthesis of multisegmented one-dimensional nanorods and nanowires with metal, semiconductor, polymer, molecular, and even gapped components. It also discusses the applications of these multicomponent nanomaterials in magnetism, self-assembly, electronics, biology, catalysis, and optics. Particular emphasis is placed on the new materials and devices achievable using these multicomponent, rather than single-component, nanowire structures.
468 citations
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TL;DR: This review separates the methods into vapor-phase synthesis, solution- phase synthesis, template-based synthesis, and other approaches, such as lithography, electrospinning, and assembly, used to form a variety of heterojunctions from different combinations of semiconductor, metal, carbon, and polymeric materials.
Abstract: There are a variety of methods for synthesizing or fabricating one-dimensional (1D) nanostructures containing heterojunctions between different materials. Here we review recent developments in the synthesis and fabrication of heterojunctions formed between different materials within the same 1D nanostructure or between different 1D nanostructures composed of different materials. Structures containing 1D nanoscale heterojunctions exhibit interesting chemistry as well as size, shape, and material-dependent properties that are unique when compared to single-component materials. This leads to new or enhanced properties or multifunctionality useful for a variety of applications in electronics, photonics, catalysis, and sensing, for example. This review separates the methods into vapor-phase synthesis, solution-phase synthesis, template-based synthesis, and other approaches, such as lithography, electrospinning, and assembly. These methods are used to form a variety of heterojunctions, including segmented, core/shell, branched, or crossed, from different combinations of semiconductor, metal, carbon, and polymeric materials.
273 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, multisegment PtNi nanorods with controllable lengths of individual metals were obtained by sequential electrodeposition of the metals into the PnN.
Abstract: Multisegment PtNi nanorods (Ni−Pt, Ni−Pt−Ni, Ni−Pt−Ni−Pt, and Ni−Pt−Ni−Pt−Ni) with controllable lengths of the individual metals were obtained by sequential electrodeposition of the metals into the...
98 citations
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TL;DR: Highly ordered Ni-Pt multilayered nanowire arrays have been fabricated using a porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template by pulse electrodeposition and Magnetization measurements revealed that an array of such nanowires with 20-nm diameters has an enhanced coercivity.
Abstract: Highly ordered Ni-Pt multilayered nanowire arrays have been fabricated using a porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template by pulse electrodeposition. The cylindrical Ni nanoparticles with different lengths and diameters in these arrays were characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and alternating-gradient magnetometer (AGM) measurements. Magnetization measurements revealed that an array of such nanowires with 20-nm diameters has an enhanced coercivity (ca. 1169 Oe) and a high remanence ratio (ca. 0.96).
80 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the preparation and characterization of highly dispersed metal nanoparticles in porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) films is reported. Butts et al. used a breathing mechanism to shrink polyacrylamide (PAM) hydrogel nanowires in the channels of AAO by a "breathing" mechanism.
Abstract: The preparation and characterization of highly dispersed metal nanoparticles in porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) films are reported. Cross-linked polyacrylamide (PAM) hydrogel nanowires are prepared within the pores of an AAO template by electropolymerization of acrylamide. Metal nanoparticles are introduced into the polymer nanowires in the channels of AAO by a “breathing” mechanism whereby the shrunken polymer nanowires are allowed to swell in an aqueous solution containing metal nanoparticles, and the structures are then re-shrunk in acetone. The loading amount and distribution of nanoparticles in PAM nanowires can be controlled by varying the number of breathing cycles and modifying the breathing process as clearly seen in TEM images. Upon calcination, the nanoparticle/hydrogel composite results in highly dispersed metal nanoparticles supported in AAO. Au nanoparticles (∼12 nm diam.) and Pt nanoparticles (∼3 nm diam.) have been dispersed in PAM nanowires and the channels of AAO films and characteriz...
54 citations
References
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on the properties of quantum dots and their ability to join the dots into complex assemblies creates many opportunities for scientific discovery, such as the ability of joining the dots to complex assemblies.
Abstract: Current research into semiconductor clusters is focused on the properties of quantum dots-fragments of semiconductor consisting of hundreds to many thousands of atoms-with the bulk bonding geometry and with surface states eliminated by enclosure in a material that has a larger band gap. Quantum dots exhibit strongly size-dependent optical and electrical properties. The ability to join the dots into complex assemblies creates many opportunities for scientific discovery.
10,373 citations
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IBM1
TL;DR: Thermal annealing converts the internal particle structure from a chemically disordered face- centered cubic phase to the chemically ordered face-centered tetragonal phase and transforms the nanoparticle superlattices into ferromagnetic nanocrystal assemblies that can support high-density magnetization reversal transitions.
Abstract: Synthesis of monodisperse iron-platinum (FePt) nanoparticles by reduction of platinum acetylacetonate and decomposition of iron pentacarbonyl in the presence of oleic acid and oleyl amine stabilizers is reported. The FePt particle composition is readily controlled, and the size is tunable from 3- to 10-nanometer diameter with a standard deviation of less than 5%. These nanoparticles self-assemble into three-dimensional superlattices. Thermal annealing converts the internal particle structure from a chemically disordered face-centered cubic phase to the chemically ordered face-centered tetragonal phase and transforms the nanoparticle superlattices into ferromagnetic nanocrystal assemblies. These assemblies are chemically and mechanically robust and can support high-density magnetization reversal transitions.
5,410 citations
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TL;DR: A highly ordered metal nanohole array (platinum and gold) was fabricated by a two-step replication of the honeycomb structure of anodic porous alumina that showed a notable color change compared with bulk gold.
Abstract: A highly ordered metal nanohole array (platinum and gold) was fabricated by a two-step replication of the honeycomb structure of anodic porous alumina. Preparation of the negative porous structure of porous alumina followed by the formation of the positive structure with metal resulted in a honeycomb metallic structure. The metal hole array of the film has a uniform, closely packed honeycomb structure approximately 70 nanometers in diameter and from 1 to 3 micrometers thick. Because of its textured surface, the metal hole array of gold showed a notable color change compared with bulk gold.
4,711 citations
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TL;DR: Control of the growth kinetics of the II–VI semiconductor cadmium selenide can be used to vary the shapes of the resulting particles from a nearly spherical morphology to a rod-like one, with aspect ratios as large as ten to one.
Abstract: Nanometre-size inorganic dots, tubes and wires exhibit a wide range of electrical and optical properties1,2 that depend sensitively on both size and shape3,4, and are of both fundamental and technological interest In contrast to the syntheses of zero-dimensional systems, existing preparations of one-dimensional systems often yield networks of tubes or rods which are difficult to separate5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12 And, in the case of optically active II–VI and III–V semiconductors, the resulting rod diameters are too large to exhibit quantum confinement effects6,8,9,10 Thus, except for some metal nanocrystals13, there are no methods of preparation that yield soluble and monodisperse particles that are quantum-confined in two of their dimensions For semiconductors, a benchmark preparation is the growth of nearly spherical II–VI and III–V nanocrystals by injection of precursor molecules into a hot surfactant14,15 Here we demonstrate that control of the growth kinetics of the II–VI semiconductor cadmium selenide can be used to vary the shapes of the resulting particles from a nearly spherical morphology to a rod-like one, with aspect ratios as large as ten to one This method should be useful, not only for testing theories of quantum confinement, but also for obtaining particles with spectroscopic properties that could prove advantageous in biological labelling experiments16,17 and as chromophores in light-emitting diodes18,19
4,128 citations
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TL;DR: A method of constructing <30-nanometer structures in close proximity with precise spacings is presented that uses the step-by-step application of organic molecules and metal ions as size-controlled resists on predetermined patterns, such as those formed by electron-beam lithography.
Abstract: The present invention is a method and apparatus relating to manufacturing nanostructure patterns and components using molecular science. The method includes overlaying a multilayer organic molecule resist on at least a portion of a parent structure selectively deposited on a substrate, depositing a layer over the parent structure and in contact with at least a portion of the multilayer organic resist, and removing the multilayer organic molecule resist to leave a residual structure.
2,297 citations